Kazakhstan vs Malaysia: Exposure to air pollution from human sources
Exposure to air pollution from human sources over time
- Kazakhstan
- Malaysia
How they compare
Malaysia currently reports 13.92 micrograms per cubic meter against 13.74 micrograms per cubic meter in Kazakhstan, a difference of 0.18 micrograms per cubic meter.
The two have swapped places 13 times across 27 shared years of data; in 1998 it was Kazakhstan ahead.
Kazakhstan ranks 103rd and Malaysia ranks 101st of 240 countries.
Across the 4 decades both report, Kazakhstan averaged higher in 2 and Malaysia in 2.
Head to head by decade
| Decade | Kazakhstan | Malaysia | Difference | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 13.29 micrograms per cubic meter | 11 micrograms per cubic meter | 2.29 micrograms per cubic meter | Kazakhstan |
| 2000s | 14.21 micrograms per cubic meter | 14.7 micrograms per cubic meter | 0.493 micrograms per cubic meter | Malaysia |
| 2010s | 14.5 micrograms per cubic meter | 16.46 micrograms per cubic meter | 1.96 micrograms per cubic meter | Malaysia |
| 2020s | 13.51 micrograms per cubic meter | 13.29 micrograms per cubic meter | 0.222 micrograms per cubic meter | Kazakhstan |
Averages of every year both report within each decade.
Frequently asked questions
- Which has higher exposure to air pollution from human sources, Kazakhstan or Malaysia?
- Malaysia, at 13.92 micrograms per cubic meter against 13.74 micrograms per cubic meter in Kazakhstan as of 2024.
- What is the difference in exposure to air pollution from human sources between Kazakhstan and Malaysia?
- 0.18 micrograms per cubic meter, with Malaysia ahead.
- How many years of comparable data are there for Kazakhstan and Malaysia?
- 27 years are reported by both, from 1998 to 2024.
- How do Kazakhstan and Malaysia rank globally for exposure to air pollution from human sources?
- Kazakhstan ranks 103rd and Malaysia ranks 101st of 240 countries.
- Where does this data come from?
- Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago (EPIC) (2026) – with minor processing by Our World in Data, published as Exposure to air pollution from human sources. Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.
Individual pages
About this data
Annual population-weighted average concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the air, measured in micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m³). Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) are particles with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less, which can pose significant health risks. This data excludes natural sources of PM2.5, such as dust and sea salt, to focus on human-caused pollution.