Air pollution - Cities and FUAs — Population exposure to nitrogen in San Fernando
San Fernando: Air pollution - Cities and FUAs — Population exposure to nitrogen was 40.58 Microgrammes per cubic metre in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Air pollution - Cities and FUAs — Population exposure to nitrogen in San Fernando, 2021–2025
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Microgrammes per cubic metre.
Analysis
In 2025, air pollution - cities and fuas — population exposure to nitrogen in San Fernando stood at 40.58 Microgrammes per cubic metre.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 19.5% on the previous year and up 1.4% over five years.
That places San Fernando 430th out of 1316 regions with data for 2025, putting it in the middle of the range.
Air pollution - Cities and FUAs — Population exposure to nitrogen in San Fernando, year by year
| Year | Microgrammes per cubic metre | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 40.01 Microgrammes per cubic metre | — |
| 2022 | 41.87 Microgrammes per cubic metre | +4.7% |
| 2023 | 0.2331 Microgrammes per cubic metre | -99.4% |
| 2024 | 50.38 Microgrammes per cubic metre | +21516.7% |
| 2025 | 40.58 Microgrammes per cubic metre | -19.5% |
More environment data for San Fernando
- Drought - Cities and FUAs — Land soil moisture anomaly -1.8 Percentage change (2025)
- Greenhouse gas emissions - Cities and FUAs — GHG emissions from waste 0.11 Tonnes of CO2-equivalent (2024)
- Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Daytime summer land 33.95 Degrees celsius (2024)
- Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Daytime winter land 3.33 Degrees celsius (2024)
- Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Daytime yearly land 26.19 Degrees celsius (2024)
- Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Nighttime summer land 8.18 Degrees celsius (2024)
- Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Nighttime winter land 10.24 Degrees celsius (2024)
- Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Nighttime yearly land 16.2 Degrees celsius (2024)
- Air pollution - Cities and FUAs — Population exposure to ozone 137.04 Microgrammes per cubic metre (2025)
- Air pollution - Cities and FUAs — Population exposure to PM10 48.48 Microgrammes per cubic metre (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is air pollution - cities and fuas — population exposure to nitrogen in San Fernando?
- Air pollution - cities and fuas — population exposure to nitrogen in San Fernando was 40.58 Microgrammes per cubic metre in 2025, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest air pollution - cities and fuas — population exposure to nitrogen recorded in San Fernando?
- The highest recorded value was 50.38 Microgrammes per cubic metre in 2024.
- What is the lowest air pollution - cities and fuas — population exposure to nitrogen recorded in San Fernando?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.2331 Microgrammes per cubic metre in 2023.
- How does San Fernando rank for air pollution - cities and fuas — population exposure to nitrogen?
- San Fernando ranks 430th out of 1316 regions with data for 2025.
- Where does this San Fernando data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of Air pollution - Cities and FUAs — Population exposure to nitrogen dioxide. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 5 observations, free to reuse under OECD Terms and Conditions (attribution required).
About this data
This dataset provides indicators of PM2.5, PM10 (particulate matter), ozone and nitrogen dioxide air pollution in FUAs and cities. Data sources and methodology Air pollution exposure is estimated using Plume Labs air pollution exposure grids for 3 air pollutants: nitrogen dioxide (NO2), fine particulate matters (PM2.5) and coarse particulate matters (PM10). The OECD obtained this dataset thanks to the Development Data Partnership, a collaboration between international organisations and technology companies, facilitating the efficient and responsible use of third-party data in international development. Average population exposure to air pollution is estimated at the local scale by computing the population-weighted average air pollutant concentration, using the Global Human Settlement Layer population grid (GHS-POP). PlumeLabs is used as it provides global, harmonised air pollution grids ensuring international comparability, complete subnational coverage, and consistent measurement of multiple pollutants, including in areas where national monitoring networks are sparse or incomplete. These estimates may differ from official subnational air quality statistics due to differences in methodological approaches, such as the use of modelled, top down pollution surfaces versus ground based monitoring networks, as well as variations in input data sources, spatial resolution, satellite retrieval methods, and the models used to simulate or interpolate pollutant concentrations. Defining FUAs and cities The OECD, in cooperation with the EU, has developed a harmonised definition of functional urban areas (FUAs) to capture the economic and functional reach of cities based on daily commuting patterns (OECD, 2012). FUAs consist of: A city – defined by urban centres in the degree of urbanisation, adapted to the closest local administrative units to define a city. A commuting zone – including all local areas where at least 15% of employed residents work in the city. The delineation process includes: Assigning municipalities surrounded by a single FUA to that FUA. Excluding non-contiguous municipalities. The correspondence table between SAUs and FUAs/cities is available in parquet and csv format. The definition identifies 1 272 FUAs and 1 269 cities in all OECD member countries except Costa Rica and four accession countries. Cite this dataset OECD Regions, cities and local areas database (Air pollution - Cities and FUAs), http://oe.cd/geostats Further information OECD Local Data Portal OECD Regions and Cities at a Glance For questions and/or comments, please email CitiesStat@oecd.org