Average annual exposure to PM2.5 air pollution in Romania
Romania: Average annual exposure to PM2.5 air pollution was 16.01 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023. ▼ Falling
Latest (2023)
16.01 micrograms per cubic meter
Change on year
down 2.5%
World rank
109th
of 200 countries
All-time high
27.73 micrograms per cubic meter
in 2003
All-time low
16.01 micrograms per cubic meter
in 2023
Years of data
34
1990–2023
Average annual exposure to PM2.5 air pollution in Romania, 1990–2023
Source: Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data. Measured in micrograms per cubic meter.
Analysis
In 2023, average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution in Romania stood at 16.01 micrograms per cubic meter. That is the lowest value across all 34 years on record.
The figure is down 2.5% on the previous year and down 11.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution in Romania peaked at 27.73 micrograms per cubic meter in 2003 and was at its lowest, 16.01 micrograms per cubic meter, in 2023.
That places Romania 109th out of 200 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 34 years of available data.
Average annual exposure to PM2.5 air pollution in Romania, year by year
| Year | micrograms per cubic meter | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 27.54 micrograms per cubic meter | — |
| 1991 | 27.13 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.5% |
| 1992 | 26.75 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.4% |
| 1993 | 26.38 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.4% |
| 1994 | 26 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.4% |
| 1995 | 25.55 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.7% |
| 1996 | 25.24 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.2% |
| 1997 | 24.87 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.5% |
| 1998 | 24.49 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.5% |
| 1999 | 24.11 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.5% |
| 2000 | 23.77 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.4% |
| 2001 | 23.77 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.0% |
| 2002 | 26.97 micrograms per cubic meter | +13.4% |
| 2003 | 27.73 micrograms per cubic meter | +2.8% |
| 2004 | 24.48 micrograms per cubic meter | -11.7% |
| 2005 | 24.91 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.7% |
| 2006 | 22.69 micrograms per cubic meter | -8.9% |
| 2007 | 21.48 micrograms per cubic meter | -5.3% |
| 2008 | 20.43 micrograms per cubic meter | -4.9% |
| 2009 | 19.77 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.2% |
| 2010 | 18.84 micrograms per cubic meter | -4.7% |
| 2011 | 22.32 micrograms per cubic meter | +18.4% |
| 2012 | 21.35 micrograms per cubic meter | -4.3% |
| 2013 | 18.16 micrograms per cubic meter | -14.9% |
| 2014 | 18.27 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.6% |
| 2015 | 18.1 micrograms per cubic meter | -0.9% |
| 2016 | 18.11 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.0% |
| 2017 | 20.27 micrograms per cubic meter | +12.0% |
| 2018 | 18.75 micrograms per cubic meter | -7.5% |
| 2019 | 16.42 micrograms per cubic meter | -12.5% |
| 2020 | 16.04 micrograms per cubic meter | -2.3% |
| 2021 | 16.1 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.4% |
| 2022 | 16.41 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.9% |
| 2023 | 16.01 micrograms per cubic meter | -2.5% |
Romania compared with similar countries
- Romania's 16.01 micrograms per cubic meter is above the median for high income countries, which is 10.06 micrograms per cubic meter, 1.6× the median. (70 countries reporting)
- Romania's 16.01 micrograms per cubic meter is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 12.88 micrograms per cubic meter, 1.2× the median. (52 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 25.81 micrograms per cubic meter | 24.11 micrograms per cubic meter | 27.54 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2000s | 23.6 micrograms per cubic meter | 19.77 micrograms per cubic meter | 27.73 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2010s | 19.06 micrograms per cubic meter | 16.42 micrograms per cubic meter | 22.32 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2020s | 16.14 micrograms per cubic meter | 16.01 micrograms per cubic meter | 16.41 micrograms per cubic meter | 4 |
Countries ranked near Romania
- 106 Algeria 16.54 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 107 Poland 16.52 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 108 Cyprus 16.07 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 110 Malaysia 15.87 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 111 Haiti 15.81 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 112 Croatia 15.78 micrograms per cubic meter compare
More environment data for Romania
- Historical exposure to drought — Land soil moisture anomaly -4.68 Percentage change (2025)
- Historical exposure to drought — Cropland soil moisture anomaly -5.2 Percentage change (2025)
- Standard Deviation, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Standard Deviation 0.634 °C (2025)
- Temperature change 2.03 °C (2025)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), annual 0.5647 % change on previous year (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per unit 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per capita 0 Mt CO2e per person (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), annual growth rate -0.1112 % change on previous year (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), per unit of GDP 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution in Romania?
- Average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution in Romania was 16.01 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023, according to Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution recorded in Romania?
- The highest recorded value was 27.73 micrograms per cubic meter in 2003.
- What is the lowest average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution recorded in Romania?
- The lowest recorded value was 16.01 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023.
- How does Romania rank for average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution?
- Romania ranks 109th out of 200 countries with data for 2023.
- Is average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution rising or falling in Romania?
- Over the last ten years it is down 11.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Romania data come from?
- The figures come from Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Average annual exposure to PM2.5 air pollution. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 34 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
The average level of exposure of the population to suspended particles less than 2.5 microns in diameter, which are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and damaging health. This is measured in micrograms per cubic meter.