Land use over the long-term in Estonia
Estonia: Land use over the long-term was 259,800 hectares in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2025)
259,800 hectares
Change on year
down 2.0%
World rank
137th
of 202 countries
All-time high
2.25 million hectares
in 1870
All-time low
67,000 hectares
in 2002
Years of data
108
1000–2025
Land use over the long-term in Estonia, 1000–2025
Source: HYDE (2025) – with minor processing by Our World in Data. Measured in hectares.
Analysis
The most recent figure for land use over the long-term in Estonia is 259,800 hectares, measured in 2025.
The figure is down 2.0% on the previous year and down 17.5% over ten years.
Over the whole period, land use over the long-term in Estonia peaked at 2.25 million hectares in 1870 and was at its lowest, 67,000 hectares, in 2002.
Estonia ranks 137th of 202 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Land use over the long-term in Estonia, year by year
| Year | hectares | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1000 | 313,433 hectares | — |
| 1100 | 318,052 hectares | +1.5% |
| 1200 | 321,277 hectares | +1.0% |
| 1300 | 322,651 hectares | +0.4% |
| 1400 | 321,533 hectares | -0.3% |
| 1500 | 316,976 hectares | -1.4% |
| 1600 | 307,482 hectares | -3.0% |
| 1700 | 290,396 hectares | -5.6% |
| 1710 | 334,395 hectares | +15.2% |
| 1720 | 384,855 hectares | +15.1% |
| 1730 | 442,674 hectares | +15.0% |
| 1740 | 508,857 hectares | +15.0% |
| 1750 | 584,533 hectares | +14.9% |
| 1760 | 670,955 hectares | +14.8% |
| 1770 | 769,512 hectares | +14.7% |
| 1780 | 881,731 hectares | +14.6% |
| 1790 | 1.01 million hectares | +14.5% |
| 1800 | 1.15 million hectares | +14.3% |
| 1810 | 1.32 million hectares | +14.2% |
| 1820 | 1.47 million hectares | +11.7% |
| 1830 | 1.64 million hectares | +11.5% |
| 1840 | 1.83 million hectares | +11.3% |
| 1850 | 2.03 million hectares | +11.0% |
| 1860 | 2.24 million hectares | +10.7% |
| 1870 | 2.25 million hectares | +0.4% |
| 1880 | 2.25 million hectares | -0.0% |
| 1890 | 2.24 million hectares | -0.5% |
| 1900 | 2.21 million hectares | -1.2% |
| 1910 | 2.17 million hectares | -2.1% |
| 1920 | 2.12 million hectares | -2.3% |
| 1930 | 2.03 million hectares | -4.4% |
| 1940 | 1.86 million hectares | -8.0% |
| 1950 | 1.56 million hectares | -16.4% |
| 1951 | 1.52 million hectares | -2.4% |
| 1952 | 1.48 million hectares | -2.8% |
| 1953 | 1.43 million hectares | -3.3% |
| 1954 | 1.37 million hectares | -4.0% |
| 1955 | 1.30 million hectares | -5.0% |
| 1956 | 1.22 million hectares | -6.3% |
| 1957 | 1.12 million hectares | -8.2% |
| 1958 | 989,113 hectares | -11.7% |
| 1959 | 795,918 hectares | -19.5% |
| 1960 | 228,465 hectares | -71.3% |
| 1961 | 228,465 hectares | +0.0% |
| 1962 | 229,221 hectares | +0.3% |
| 1963 | 229,978 hectares | +0.3% |
| 1964 | 230,757 hectares | +0.3% |
| 1965 | 233,207 hectares | +1.1% |
| 1966 | 234,504 hectares | +0.6% |
| 1967 | 235,904 hectares | +0.6% |
| 1968 | 236,686 hectares | +0.3% |
| 1969 | 238,112 hectares | +0.6% |
| 1970 | 238,034 hectares | -0.0% |
| 1971 | 238,149 hectares | +0.0% |
| 1972 | 239,647 hectares | +0.6% |
| 1973 | 241,629 hectares | +0.8% |
| 1974 | 242,143 hectares | +0.2% |
| 1975 | 240,448 hectares | -0.7% |
| 1976 | 241,931 hectares | +0.6% |
| 1977 | 242,915 hectares | +0.4% |
| 1978 | 242,915 hectares | +0.0% |
| 1979 | 242,990 hectares | +0.0% |
| 1980 | 243,444 hectares | +0.2% |
| 1981 | 243,444 hectares | +0.0% |
| 1982 | 245,335 hectares | +0.8% |
| 1983 | 245,865 hectares | +0.2% |
| 1984 | 246,092 hectares | +0.1% |
| 1985 | 246,697 hectares | +0.2% |
| 1986 | 247,000 hectares | +0.1% |
| 1987 | 245,184 hectares | -0.7% |
| 1988 | 246,016 hectares | +0.3% |
| 1989 | 247,378 hectares | +0.6% |
| 1990 | 247,605 hectares | +0.1% |
| 1991 | 247,000 hectares | -0.2% |
| 1992 | 247,000 hectares | +0.0% |
| 1993 | 243,000 hectares | -1.6% |
| 1994 | 140,000 hectares | -42.4% |
| 1995 | 105,000 hectares | -25.0% |
| 1996 | 109,000 hectares | +3.8% |
| 1997 | 123,000 hectares | +12.8% |
| 1998 | 144,000 hectares | +17.1% |
| 1999 | 130,000 hectares | -9.7% |
| 2000 | 131,000 hectares | +0.8% |
| 2001 | 194,000 hectares | +48.1% |
| 2002 | 67,000 hectares | -65.5% |
| 2003 | 268,000 hectares | +300.0% |
| 2004 | 236,300 hectares | -11.8% |
| 2005 | 279,000 hectares | +18.1% |
| 2006 | 330,500 hectares | +18.5% |
| 2007 | 307,000 hectares | -7.1% |
| 2008 | 301,000 hectares | -2.0% |
| 2009 | 327,300 hectares | +8.7% |
| 2010 | 296,700 hectares | -9.3% |
| 2011 | 306,600 hectares | +3.3% |
| 2012 | 328,600 hectares | +7.2% |
| 2013 | 324,000 hectares | -1.4% |
| 2014 | 317,000 hectares | -2.2% |
| 2015 | 315,000 hectares | -0.6% |
| 2016 | 304,000 hectares | -3.5% |
| 2017 | 296,000 hectares | -2.6% |
| 2018 | 295,000 hectares | -0.3% |
| 2019 | 292,000 hectares | -1.0% |
| 2020 | 286,000 hectares | -2.1% |
| 2021 | 282,000 hectares | -1.4% |
| 2022 | 274,000 hectares | -2.8% |
| 2023 | 270,200 hectares | -1.4% |
| 2024 | 265,000 hectares | -1.9% |
| 2025 | 259,800 hectares | -2.0% |
Estonia compared with similar countries
- Estonia's 259,800 hectares is below the median for high income countries, which is 395,224 hectares, 66% of the median. (68 countries reporting)
- Estonia's 259,800 hectares is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 1.16 million hectares, 22% of the median. (50 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Land use over the long-term in Estonia changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2003 | +300.0% | 67,000 hectares | 268,000 hectares |
| 1960 | -71.3% | 795,918 hectares | 228,465 hectares |
| 2002 | -65.5% | 194,000 hectares | 67,000 hectares |
| 2001 | +48.1% | 131,000 hectares | 194,000 hectares |
| 1994 | -42.4% | 243,000 hectares | 140,000 hectares |
| 1995 | -25.0% | 140,000 hectares | 105,000 hectares |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1000s | 313,433 hectares | 313,433 hectares | 313,433 hectares | 1 |
| 1100s | 318,052 hectares | 318,052 hectares | 318,052 hectares | 1 |
| 1200s | 321,277 hectares | 321,277 hectares | 321,277 hectares | 1 |
| 1300s | 322,651 hectares | 322,651 hectares | 322,651 hectares | 1 |
| 1400s | 321,533 hectares | 321,533 hectares | 321,533 hectares | 1 |
| 1500s | 316,976 hectares | 316,976 hectares | 316,976 hectares | 1 |
| 1600s | 307,482 hectares | 307,482 hectares | 307,482 hectares | 1 |
| 1700s | 290,396 hectares | 290,396 hectares | 290,396 hectares | 1 |
| 1710s | 334,395 hectares | 334,395 hectares | 334,395 hectares | 1 |
| 1720s | 384,855 hectares | 384,855 hectares | 384,855 hectares | 1 |
| 1730s | 442,674 hectares | 442,674 hectares | 442,674 hectares | 1 |
| 1740s | 508,857 hectares | 508,857 hectares | 508,857 hectares | 1 |
| 1750s | 584,533 hectares | 584,533 hectares | 584,533 hectares | 1 |
| 1760s | 670,955 hectares | 670,955 hectares | 670,955 hectares | 1 |
| 1770s | 769,512 hectares | 769,512 hectares | 769,512 hectares | 1 |
| 1780s | 881,731 hectares | 881,731 hectares | 881,731 hectares | 1 |
| 1790s | 1.01 million hectares | 1.01 million hectares | 1.01 million hectares | 1 |
| 1800s | 1.15 million hectares | 1.15 million hectares | 1.15 million hectares | 1 |
| 1810s | 1.32 million hectares | 1.32 million hectares | 1.32 million hectares | 1 |
| 1820s | 1.47 million hectares | 1.47 million hectares | 1.47 million hectares | 1 |
| 1830s | 1.64 million hectares | 1.64 million hectares | 1.64 million hectares | 1 |
| 1840s | 1.83 million hectares | 1.83 million hectares | 1.83 million hectares | 1 |
| 1850s | 2.03 million hectares | 2.03 million hectares | 2.03 million hectares | 1 |
| 1860s | 2.24 million hectares | 2.24 million hectares | 2.24 million hectares | 1 |
| 1870s | 2.25 million hectares | 2.25 million hectares | 2.25 million hectares | 1 |
| 1880s | 2.25 million hectares | 2.25 million hectares | 2.25 million hectares | 1 |
| 1890s | 2.24 million hectares | 2.24 million hectares | 2.24 million hectares | 1 |
| 1900s | 2.21 million hectares | 2.21 million hectares | 2.21 million hectares | 1 |
| 1910s | 2.17 million hectares | 2.17 million hectares | 2.17 million hectares | 1 |
| 1920s | 2.12 million hectares | 2.12 million hectares | 2.12 million hectares | 1 |
| 1930s | 2.03 million hectares | 2.03 million hectares | 2.03 million hectares | 1 |
| 1940s | 1.86 million hectares | 1.86 million hectares | 1.86 million hectares | 1 |
| 1950s | 1.28 million hectares | 795,918 hectares | 1.56 million hectares | 10 |
| 1960s | 232,530 hectares | 228,465 hectares | 238,112 hectares | 10 |
| 1970s | 241,080 hectares | 238,034 hectares | 242,990 hectares | 10 |
| 1980s | 245,646 hectares | 243,444 hectares | 247,378 hectares | 10 |
| 1990s | 173,560 hectares | 105,000 hectares | 247,605 hectares | 10 |
| 2000s | 244,110 hectares | 67,000 hectares | 330,500 hectares | 10 |
| 2010s | 307,490 hectares | 292,000 hectares | 328,600 hectares | 10 |
| 2020s | 272,833 hectares | 259,800 hectares | 286,000 hectares | 6 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
More environment data for Estonia
- Standard Deviation, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Standard Deviation 0.899 °C (2025)
- Temperature change 2.78 °C (2025)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), annual -5.71 % change on previous year (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per unit 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per capita 0 Mt CO2e per person (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), annual growth rate -0.0832 % change on previous year (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), per unit of GDP 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), per capita 0 Mt CO2e per person (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e), annual 0 % change on previous year (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is land use over the long-term in Estonia?
- Land use over the long-term in Estonia was 259,800 hectares in 2025, according to HYDE (2025) – with minor processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest land use over the long-term recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 2.25 million hectares in 1870.
- What is the lowest land use over the long-term recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 67,000 hectares in 2002.
- How does Estonia rank for land use over the long-term?
- Estonia ranks 137th out of 202 countries with data for 2025.
- Is land use over the long-term rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is down 17.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from HYDE (2025) – with minor processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Land use over the long-term. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 108 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Total grazingland area for each separate country over time.