Exposure to outdoor air pollution in Madagascar
Madagascar: Exposure to outdoor air pollution was 11.6 µg/m³ in 2024. ▲ Rising
Exposure to outdoor air pollution in Madagascar, 1998–2024
Source: SatPM, Atmospheric Composition Analysis Group, Washington University in St. Louis (2026) – with minor processing by Our World in Data. Measured in µg/m³.
Analysis
In 2024, exposure to outdoor air pollution in Madagascar stood at 11.6 µg/m³.
That represents a change of up 3.6% on the previous year and up 0.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, exposure to outdoor air pollution in Madagascar peaked at 13.8 µg/m³ in 2001 and was at its lowest, 5.4 µg/m³, in 1999.
Madagascar ranks 150th of 241 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 27 years of available data.
Exposure to outdoor air pollution in Madagascar, year by year
| Year | µg/m³ | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1998 | 6 µg/m³ | — |
| 1999 | 5.4 µg/m³ | -10.0% |
| 2000 | 9.5 µg/m³ | +75.9% |
| 2001 | 13.8 µg/m³ | +45.3% |
| 2002 | 10.6 µg/m³ | -23.2% |
| 2003 | 10.6 µg/m³ | +0.0% |
| 2004 | 11.5 µg/m³ | +8.5% |
| 2005 | 12.4 µg/m³ | +7.8% |
| 2006 | 12 µg/m³ | -3.2% |
| 2007 | 12.4 µg/m³ | +3.3% |
| 2008 | 12.4 µg/m³ | +0.0% |
| 2009 | 12.1 µg/m³ | -2.4% |
| 2010 | 13.5 µg/m³ | +11.6% |
| 2011 | 12.3 µg/m³ | -8.9% |
| 2012 | 11.9 µg/m³ | -3.3% |
| 2013 | 12.9 µg/m³ | +8.4% |
| 2014 | 11.5 µg/m³ | -10.9% |
| 2015 | 12.6 µg/m³ | +9.6% |
| 2016 | 11.8 µg/m³ | -6.3% |
| 2017 | 10.9 µg/m³ | -7.6% |
| 2018 | 11.4 µg/m³ | +4.6% |
| 2019 | 11.5 µg/m³ | +0.9% |
| 2020 | 10.5 µg/m³ | -8.7% |
| 2021 | 9.9 µg/m³ | -5.7% |
| 2022 | 11.2 µg/m³ | +13.1% |
| 2023 | 11.2 µg/m³ | +0.0% |
| 2024 | 11.6 µg/m³ | +3.6% |
Madagascar compared with similar countries
- Madagascar's 11.6 µg/m³ is below the median for low income countries, which is 30.8 µg/m³, 38% of the median. (25 countries reporting)
- Madagascar's 11.6 µg/m³ is below the median for Sub-Saharan Africa, which is 25.2 µg/m³, 46% of the median. (48 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Exposure to outdoor air pollution in Madagascar changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | +75.9% | 5.4 µg/m³ | 9.5 µg/m³ |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 5.7 µg/m³ | 5.4 µg/m³ | 6 µg/m³ | 2 |
| 2000s | 11.73 µg/m³ | 9.5 µg/m³ | 13.8 µg/m³ | 10 |
| 2010s | 12.03 µg/m³ | 10.9 µg/m³ | 13.5 µg/m³ | 10 |
| 2020s | 10.88 µg/m³ | 9.9 µg/m³ | 11.6 µg/m³ | 5 |
Countries ranked near Madagascar
More environment data for Madagascar
- Standard Deviation, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Standard Deviation 0.297 °C (2025)
- Temperature change 1.17 °C (2025)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), annual 0.2369 % change on previous year (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per unit 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per capita 0 Mt CO2e per person (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), annual growth rate -1.01 % change on previous year (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), per unit of GDP 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), per capita 0 Mt CO2e per person (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e), annual 0 % change on previous year (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is exposure to outdoor air pollution in Madagascar?
- Exposure to outdoor air pollution in Madagascar was 11.6 µg/m³ in 2024, according to SatPM, Atmospheric Composition Analysis Group, Washington University in St. Louis (2026) – with minor processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest exposure to outdoor air pollution recorded in Madagascar?
- The highest recorded value was 13.8 µg/m³ in 2001.
- What is the lowest exposure to outdoor air pollution recorded in Madagascar?
- The lowest recorded value was 5.4 µg/m³ in 1999.
- How does Madagascar rank for exposure to outdoor air pollution?
- Madagascar ranks 150th out of 241 countries with data for 2024.
- Is exposure to outdoor air pollution rising or falling in Madagascar?
- Over the last ten years it is up 0.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Madagascar data come from?
- The figures come from SatPM, Atmospheric Composition Analysis Group, Washington University in St. Louis (2026) – with minor processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Exposure to outdoor air pollution. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 27 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Annual population-weighted average concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the air, measured in micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m³). Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) are particles with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less, which can pose significant health risks.