Average annual exposure to PM2.5 air pollution in Djibouti
Djibouti: Average annual exposure to PM2.5 air pollution was 40.3 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023. ▲ Rising
Latest (2023)
40.3 micrograms per cubic meter
Change on year
up 3.2%
World rank
22nd
of 200 countries
All-time high
46.87 micrograms per cubic meter
in 2012
All-time low
34.03 micrograms per cubic meter
in 1995
Years of data
34
1990–2023
Average annual exposure to PM2.5 air pollution in Djibouti, 1990–2023
Source: Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data. Measured in micrograms per cubic meter.
Analysis
The most recent figure for average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution in Djibouti is 40.3 micrograms per cubic meter, measured in 2023.
The figure is up 3.2% on the previous year and down 8.2% over ten years.
Over the whole period, average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution in Djibouti peaked at 46.87 micrograms per cubic meter in 2012 and was at its lowest, 34.03 micrograms per cubic meter, in 1995.
That places Djibouti 22nd out of 200 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the top quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 34 years of available data.
Average annual exposure to PM2.5 air pollution in Djibouti, year by year
| Year | micrograms per cubic meter | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 36.55 micrograms per cubic meter | — |
| 1991 | 35.4 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.1% |
| 1992 | 35.87 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.3% |
| 1993 | 36.34 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.3% |
| 1994 | 36.81 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.3% |
| 1995 | 34.03 micrograms per cubic meter | -7.5% |
| 1996 | 37.75 micrograms per cubic meter | +10.9% |
| 1997 | 38.22 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.2% |
| 1998 | 38.69 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.2% |
| 1999 | 39.16 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.2% |
| 2000 | 41.25 micrograms per cubic meter | +5.3% |
| 2001 | 40.86 micrograms per cubic meter | -0.9% |
| 2002 | 39.7 micrograms per cubic meter | -2.8% |
| 2003 | 36.48 micrograms per cubic meter | -8.1% |
| 2004 | 37.45 micrograms per cubic meter | +2.7% |
| 2005 | 36.91 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.5% |
| 2006 | 36.39 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.4% |
| 2007 | 37.16 micrograms per cubic meter | +2.1% |
| 2008 | 37.75 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.6% |
| 2009 | 37.38 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.0% |
| 2010 | 38.1 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.9% |
| 2011 | 43.7 micrograms per cubic meter | +14.7% |
| 2012 | 46.87 micrograms per cubic meter | +7.2% |
| 2013 | 43.88 micrograms per cubic meter | -6.4% |
| 2014 | 38.76 micrograms per cubic meter | -11.7% |
| 2015 | 43.39 micrograms per cubic meter | +11.9% |
| 2016 | 40.52 micrograms per cubic meter | -6.6% |
| 2017 | 43.75 micrograms per cubic meter | +8.0% |
| 2018 | 40.95 micrograms per cubic meter | -6.4% |
| 2019 | 41.12 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.4% |
| 2020 | 39.83 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.1% |
| 2021 | 36.21 micrograms per cubic meter | -9.1% |
| 2022 | 39.04 micrograms per cubic meter | +7.8% |
| 2023 | 40.3 micrograms per cubic meter | +3.2% |
Djibouti compared with similar countries
- Djibouti's 40.3 micrograms per cubic meter is above the median for lower middle income countries, which is 25.98 micrograms per cubic meter, 1.6× the median. (47 countries reporting)
- Djibouti's 40.3 micrograms per cubic meter is above the median for Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan, which is 40.25 micrograms per cubic meter, 1.0× the median. (23 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 36.88 micrograms per cubic meter | 34.03 micrograms per cubic meter | 39.16 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2000s | 38.13 micrograms per cubic meter | 36.39 micrograms per cubic meter | 41.25 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2010s | 42.1 micrograms per cubic meter | 38.1 micrograms per cubic meter | 46.87 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2020s | 38.85 micrograms per cubic meter | 36.21 micrograms per cubic meter | 40.3 micrograms per cubic meter | 4 |
Countries ranked near Djibouti
- 19 Mongolia 42.69 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 20 Equatorial Guinea 42.22 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 21 Senegal 41.65 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 23 Iran 40.25 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 24 Benin 39.66 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 25 Gambia 38.27 micrograms per cubic meter compare
More environment data for Djibouti
- Historical exposure to drought — Land soil moisture anomaly -57.06 Percentage change (2025)
- Standard Deviation, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Standard Deviation 0.289 °C (2025)
- Temperature change 1.25 °C (2025)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), annual 1.21 % change on previous year (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per unit 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per capita 0 Mt CO2e per person (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), annual growth rate 0.1725 % change on previous year (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), per unit of GDP 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), per capita 0 Mt CO2e per person (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution in Djibouti?
- Average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution in Djibouti was 40.3 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023, according to Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution recorded in Djibouti?
- The highest recorded value was 46.87 micrograms per cubic meter in 2012.
- What is the lowest average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution recorded in Djibouti?
- The lowest recorded value was 34.03 micrograms per cubic meter in 1995.
- How does Djibouti rank for average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution?
- Djibouti ranks 22nd out of 200 countries with data for 2023.
- Is average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution rising or falling in Djibouti?
- Over the last ten years it is down 8.2%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Djibouti data come from?
- The figures come from Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Average annual exposure to PM2.5 air pollution. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 34 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
The average level of exposure of the population to suspended particles less than 2.5 microns in diameter, which are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and damaging health. This is measured in micrograms per cubic meter.