Average annual exposure to PM2.5 air pollution in Mali
Mali: Average annual exposure to PM2.5 air pollution was 35.52 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023. ▲ Rising
Latest (2023)
35.52 micrograms per cubic meter
Change on year
down 4.9%
World rank
33rd
of 200 countries
All-time high
44.17 micrograms per cubic meter
in 2015
All-time low
32.37 micrograms per cubic meter
in 2003
Years of data
34
1990–2023
Average annual exposure to PM2.5 air pollution in Mali, 1990–2023
Source: Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data. Measured in micrograms per cubic meter.
Analysis
The most recent figure for average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution in Mali is 35.52 micrograms per cubic meter, measured in 2023.
That represents a change of down 4.9% on the previous year and up 5.5% over ten years.
Over the whole period, average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution in Mali peaked at 44.17 micrograms per cubic meter in 2015 and was at its lowest, 32.37 micrograms per cubic meter, in 2003.
That places Mali 33rd out of 200 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the top quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 34 years of available data.
Average annual exposure to PM2.5 air pollution in Mali, year by year
| Year | micrograms per cubic meter | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 37.04 micrograms per cubic meter | — |
| 1991 | 35.82 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.3% |
| 1992 | 35.73 micrograms per cubic meter | -0.2% |
| 1993 | 35.64 micrograms per cubic meter | -0.2% |
| 1994 | 35.55 micrograms per cubic meter | -0.2% |
| 1995 | 33.19 micrograms per cubic meter | -6.7% |
| 1996 | 35.38 micrograms per cubic meter | +6.6% |
| 1997 | 35.29 micrograms per cubic meter | -0.2% |
| 1998 | 35.2 micrograms per cubic meter | -0.2% |
| 1999 | 35.11 micrograms per cubic meter | -0.2% |
| 2000 | 36.16 micrograms per cubic meter | +3.0% |
| 2001 | 33.33 micrograms per cubic meter | -7.8% |
| 2002 | 36 micrograms per cubic meter | +8.0% |
| 2003 | 32.37 micrograms per cubic meter | -10.1% |
| 2004 | 42.14 micrograms per cubic meter | +30.2% |
| 2005 | 36.42 micrograms per cubic meter | -13.6% |
| 2006 | 39.35 micrograms per cubic meter | +8.0% |
| 2007 | 41.84 micrograms per cubic meter | +6.3% |
| 2008 | 42.13 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.7% |
| 2009 | 37.9 micrograms per cubic meter | -10.0% |
| 2010 | 42.71 micrograms per cubic meter | +12.7% |
| 2011 | 41.39 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.1% |
| 2012 | 44.07 micrograms per cubic meter | +6.5% |
| 2013 | 33.68 micrograms per cubic meter | -23.6% |
| 2014 | 38.02 micrograms per cubic meter | +12.9% |
| 2015 | 44.17 micrograms per cubic meter | +16.2% |
| 2016 | 40.47 micrograms per cubic meter | -8.4% |
| 2017 | 40.83 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.9% |
| 2018 | 36.88 micrograms per cubic meter | -9.7% |
| 2019 | 35.4 micrograms per cubic meter | -4.0% |
| 2020 | 34.65 micrograms per cubic meter | -2.1% |
| 2021 | 34.91 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.8% |
| 2022 | 37.33 micrograms per cubic meter | +6.9% |
| 2023 | 35.52 micrograms per cubic meter | -4.9% |
Mali compared with similar countries
- Mali's 35.52 micrograms per cubic meter is above the median for low income countries, which is 33.29 micrograms per cubic meter, 1.1× the median. (25 countries reporting)
- Mali's 35.52 micrograms per cubic meter is above the median for Sub-Saharan Africa, which is 27.49 micrograms per cubic meter, 1.3× the median. (48 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 35.39 micrograms per cubic meter | 33.19 micrograms per cubic meter | 37.04 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2000s | 37.77 micrograms per cubic meter | 32.37 micrograms per cubic meter | 42.14 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2010s | 39.76 micrograms per cubic meter | 33.68 micrograms per cubic meter | 44.17 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2020s | 35.6 micrograms per cubic meter | 34.65 micrograms per cubic meter | 37.33 micrograms per cubic meter | 4 |
Countries ranked near Mali
- 30 Rwanda 36.01 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 31 Democratic Republic of Congo 35.81 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 32 Burundi 35.69 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 34 Myanmar 35.07 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 35 Togo 34.33 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 36 Eritrea 33.66 micrograms per cubic meter compare
More environment data for Mali
- Historical exposure to drought — Land soil moisture anomaly -6.69 Percentage change (2025)
- Historical exposure to drought — Cropland soil moisture anomaly -6.27 Percentage change (2025)
- Standard Deviation, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Standard Deviation 0.401 °C (2025)
- Temperature change 1.44 °C (2025)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), annual 3 % change on previous year (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per unit 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per capita 0 Mt CO2e per person (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), annual growth rate 3.04 % change on previous year (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), per unit of GDP 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution in Mali?
- Average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution in Mali was 35.52 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023, according to Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution recorded in Mali?
- The highest recorded value was 44.17 micrograms per cubic meter in 2015.
- What is the lowest average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution recorded in Mali?
- The lowest recorded value was 32.37 micrograms per cubic meter in 2003.
- How does Mali rank for average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution?
- Mali ranks 33rd out of 200 countries with data for 2023.
- Is average annual exposure to pm2.5 air pollution rising or falling in Mali?
- Over the last ten years it is up 5.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Mali data come from?
- The figures come from Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Average annual exposure to PM2.5 air pollution. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The average level of exposure of the population to suspended particles less than 2.5 microns in diameter, which are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and damaging health. This is measured in micrograms per cubic meter.