Average nitrate concentration in freshwater by country

Average annual concentration of nitrate in groundwater.

Countries reporting
31
Highest
115.65 milligrams per litre
Greece
Lowest
0.24 milligrams per litre
Iceland
Median
16.12 milligrams per litre
Years covered
30
1992–2021
Data points
655

What the numbers show

Average nitrate concentration in freshwater is currently reported for 31 countries. The highest value is 115.65 milligrams per litre in Greece; the lowest is 0.24 milligrams per litre in Iceland.

The median across all reporting countries is 16.12 milligrams per litre, and the mean is 18.54 milligrams per litre.

The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 482.

Over the past decade 13 countries rose and 17 fell. The largest increase was in Serbia (up 363.4%), and the largest decrease in Bosnia and Herzegovina (down 90.6%).

Average nitrate concentration in freshwater: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 Greece 115.65 milligrams per litre 2021 down 19.4% volatile
2 Spain 36.93 milligrams per litre 2021 up 9.3% volatile
4 Bulgaria 29.34 milligrams per litre 2021 up 44.8% rising
5 Belgium 27.71 milligrams per litre 2006 down 15.2% falling
6 Germany 25.79 milligrams per litre 2021 up 7.0% rising
7 Montenegro 22.87 milligrams per litre 2013 up 4.0% rising
8 France 21.39 milligrams per litre 2021 up 2.4% flat
9 North Macedonia 20.53 milligrams per litre 2013 rising
10 Romania 20.07 milligrams per litre 2016 up 25.8% rising
11 Denmark 20.05 milligrams per litre 2021 down 20.5% flat
12 Italy 19.92 milligrams per litre 2021 down 5.0% rising
13 Netherlands 19.57 milligrams per litre 2021 down 19.0% falling
14 Czechia 18.66 milligrams per litre 2021 down 5.4% rising
15 Slovenia 18.2 milligrams per litre 2021 up 0.5% falling
16 Austria 17.17 milligrams per litre 2021 down 34.1% falling
17 Portugal 16.12 milligrams per litre 2021 down 1.0% falling
18 Switzerland 15.68 milligrams per litre 2021 up 3.1% falling
19 Slovakia 15.66 milligrams per litre 2021 down 12.2% rising
20 Turkey 15.26 milligrams per litre 2013 up 14.1% rising
21 Cyprus 14.59 milligrams per litre 2021 down 51.7% volatile
23 Serbia 11.8 milligrams per litre 2021 up 363.4% volatile
24 Estonia 11.26 milligrams per litre 2021 up 48.5% rising
25 Poland 8.62 milligrams per litre 2021 down 1.9% rising
26 Croatia 8.19 milligrams per litre 2021 up 331.9% volatile
27 Lithuania 5.31 milligrams per litre 2021 down 10.0% falling
28 Norway 5.26 milligrams per litre 2013 down 1.7% rising
29 Finland 5.19 milligrams per litre 2021 down 4.2% rising
31 Sweden 4.31 milligrams per litre 2021 down 20.2% rising
32 Latvia 2.76 milligrams per litre 2021 down 67.3% volatile
33 Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.5434 milligrams per litre 2013 down 90.6% volatile
34 Iceland 0.24 milligrams per litre 2021 up 92.0% volatile

About this data

Indicator
Average nitrate concentration in freshwater
Unit
milligrams per litre
Source
European Environment Agency (2023) – with minor processing by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
34 places, 655 data points, 1992–2021
Last refreshed

Average annual concentration of nitrate in groundwater.