Biological fixation — Cropland nitrogen per unit area in Southern Europe
Southern Europe: Biological fixation — Cropland nitrogen per unit area was 4.38 kg/ha in 2023. ▲ Rising
Biological fixation — Cropland nitrogen per unit area in Southern Europe, 1961–2023
Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Measured in kg/ha.
Analysis
Southern Europe recorded 4.38 kg/ha for biological fixation — cropland nitrogen per unit area in 2023.
The figure is up 6.3% on the previous year and up 50.2% over ten years.
Over the whole period, biological fixation — cropland nitrogen per unit area in Southern Europe peaked at 4.97 kg/ha in 2018 and was at its lowest, 1.71 kg/ha, in 1981.
That places Southern Europe 28th out of 32 groups with data for 2023, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 63 years of available data.
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 3.32 kg/ha | 2.89 kg/ha | 3.72 kg/ha | 9 |
| 1970s | 2.32 kg/ha | 1.98 kg/ha | 2.76 kg/ha | 10 |
| 1980s | 2.32 kg/ha | 1.71 kg/ha | 3.22 kg/ha | 10 |
| 1990s | 2.55 kg/ha | 1.81 kg/ha | 3.12 kg/ha | 10 |
| 2000s | 2.66 kg/ha | 2.28 kg/ha | 2.95 kg/ha | 10 |
| 2010s | 3.73 kg/ha | 2.55 kg/ha | 4.97 kg/ha | 10 |
| 2020s | 4.38 kg/ha | 4.12 kg/ha | 4.7 kg/ha | 4 |
Countries ranked near Southern Europe
- 25 Guinea 20.35 kg/ha compare
- 26 Republic of Korea 19.89 kg/ha compare
- 27 Canada 19.57 kg/ha compare
- 28 Viet Nam 19.57 kg/ha compare
- 29 Mozambique 18.48 kg/ha compare
- 30 Madagascar 18.4 kg/ha compare
- 31 Barbados 18.35 kg/ha compare
More environment data for Southern Europe
- Standard Deviation 0.323 °C (2025)
- Temperature change 2.19 °C (2025)
- Roundwood — Production 73.08 million m3 (2024)
- Roundwood, non-coniferous — Production 48.29 million m3 (2024)
- Roundwood, coniferous — Production 24.80 million m3 (2024)
- Roundwood — Export value 783,078 1000 USD (2024)
- Roundwood — Export quantity 6.44 million m3 (2024)
- Roundwood — Import value 850,367 1000 USD (2024)
- Roundwood — Import quantity 7.13 million m3 (2024)
- Value Added (Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing) — Annual growth US$ 15.51 % (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is biological fixation — cropland nitrogen per unit area in Southern Europe?
- Biological fixation — cropland nitrogen per unit area in Southern Europe was 4.38 kg/ha in 2023, according to Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
- What is the highest biological fixation — cropland nitrogen per unit area recorded in Southern Europe?
- The highest recorded value was 4.97 kg/ha in 2018.
- What is the lowest biological fixation — cropland nitrogen per unit area recorded in Southern Europe?
- The lowest recorded value was 1.71 kg/ha in 1981.
- How does Southern Europe rank for biological fixation — cropland nitrogen per unit area?
- Southern Europe ranks 28th out of 32 groups with data for 2023.
- Is biological fixation — cropland nitrogen per unit area rising or falling in Southern Europe?
- Over the last ten years it is up 50.2%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Southern Europe data come from?
- The figures come from Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, published as part of Biological fixation — Cropland nitrogen per unit area. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 63 observations, free to reuse under CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO (FAO).
About this data
The Cropland Nutrient balance domain contains information on the flows of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from mineral fertilizer, manure applied, atmospheric deposition, crop removal, and biological fixation over cropland and per unit area of cropland. The flows are aggregated to total inputs and total outputs, from which the overall nutrient balance and nutrient use efficiency on cropland are calculated. Statistics are disseminated in units of tonnes and in kg/ha, as appropriate. Nutrient use efficiency is expressed as a fraction (%).