Freshwater withdrawals as a share of internal resources by country
Countries reporting
179
Highest
3,850
Kuwait
Lowest
0.03
Congo
Median
11.02
Years covered
23
2000–2022
Data points
3,973
What the numbers show
Freshwater withdrawals as a share of internal resources is currently reported for 179 countries. The highest value is 3,850 in Kuwait; the lowest is 0.03 in Congo.
The median across all reporting countries is 11.02, and the mean is 68.11.
Over the past decade 53 countries rose and 52 fell. The largest increase was in North Macedonia (up 243.2%), and the largest decrease in Bolivia (down 83.3%).
Freshwater withdrawals as a share of internal resources: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kuwait | 3,850 | 2022 | up 24.5% | rising |
| 2 | United Arab Emirates | 1,510 | 2022 | down 13.6% | flat |
| 3 | Saudi Arabia | 974.17 | 2022 | up 8.2% | rising |
| 4 | Libya | 817.14 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 5 | Qatar | 431.03 | 2022 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 6 | Yemen | 169.76 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 7 | Algeria | 144.81 | 2022 | up 31.9% | rising |
| 8 | Egypt | 141.17 | 2022 | up 7.2% | rising |
| 9 | Turkmenistan | 135.21 | 2022 | down 6.3% | flat |
| 10 | Bahrain | 133.71 | 2022 | down 18.3% | falling |
| 11 | Israel | 129.67 | 2022 | up 19.1% | falling |
| 12 | Syria | 124.36 | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 13 | Uzbekistan | 121.84 | 2022 | down 15.3% | flat |
| 14 | Sudan | 118.66 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 15 | Oman | 116.71 | 2022 | up 2.8% | rising |
| 16 | Pakistan | 109.99 | 2022 | down 4.6% | rising |
| 17 | Jordan | 105.2 | 2022 | up 11.9% | rising |
| 18 | Tunisia | 98.11 | 2022 | up 16.4% | rising |
| 19 | Sri Lanka | 90.79 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 20 | Barbados | 87.5 | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 21 | Korea | 85.22 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 22 | Iran | 81.29 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 23 | Eswatini | 77.56 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 24 | Malta | 72.6 | 2022 | down 8.6% | rising |
| 25 | Tajikistan | 69.94 | 2022 | down 0.7% | falling |
| 26 | South Africa | 67.6 | 2022 | up 38.1% | rising |
| 27 | India | 66.49 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 28 | Armenia | 61.97 | 2022 | up 4.4% | rising |
| 29 | Cape Verde | 59.68 | 2022 | up 97.7% | volatile |
| 30 | Iraq | 59.58 | 2022 | down 2.9% | falling |
| 31 | Lebanon | 58.79 | 2022 | up 13.5% | rising |
| 32 | Azerbaijan | 57.53 | 2022 | up 8.8% | rising |
| 33 | Afghanistan | 54.76 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 34 | North Macedonia | 52.55 | 2022 | up 243.2% | rising |
| 35 | Belgium | 51.88 | 2022 | down 20.3% | falling |
| 36 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 50.83 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 37 | Morocco | 50.75 | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 38 | Kyrgyzstan | 50.04 | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 39 | Palestine | 48.11 | 2022 | up 15.3% | falling |
| 40 | Zimbabwe | 46.09 | 2022 | up 41.9% | rising |
| 41 | Mexico | 44.95 | 2022 | up 44.9% | rising |
| 42 | Türkiye | 44.1 | 2022 | up 17.5% | rising |
| 43 | Spain | 43.25 | 2022 | down 13.7% | falling |
| 44 | China (People's Republic of) | 41.52 | 2022 | down 5.1% | rising |
| 45 | Bulgaria | 40.24 | 2022 | down 4.7% | falling |
| 46 | Dominican Republic | 39.55 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 47 | Japan | 36.64 | 2022 | down 1.1% | falling |
| 48 | Germany | 35.35 | 2022 | down 23.4% | falling |
| 49 | Kazakhstan | 34.63 | 2022 | up 16.7% | rising |
| 50 | Singapore | 33.26 | 2022 | down 79.2% | volatile |
| 51 | Kenya | 33.24 | 2022 | up 25.2% | rising |
| 52 | Poland | 32.49 | 2022 | down 18.2% | falling |
| 53 | Ethiopia | 32.26 | 2022 | up 10.2% | rising |
| 54 | Cyprus | 30.48 | 2022 | down 12.7% | rising |
| 55 | Italy | 29.77 | 2022 | down 0.4% | falling |
| 56 | Indonesia | 29.7 | 2022 | up 14.0% | rising |
| 57 | East Timor | 28.27 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 58 | United States | 28.16 | 2022 | up 3.6% | falling |
| 59 | Philippines | 27.83 | 2022 | up 8.0% | rising |
| 60 | North Korea | 27.74 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 61 | Denmark | 25.27 | 2022 | up 28.3% | rising |
| 62 | Somalia | 24.53 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 63 | Cuba | 23.94 | 2022 | up 4.7% | rising |
| 64 | Thailand | 23.01 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 65 | Mauritius | 22.97 | 2022 | up 8.6% | falling |
| 66 | Czechia | 21.97 | 2022 | down 21.5% | falling |
| 67 | France | 21.38 | 2022 | down 13.0% | falling |
| 68 | Greece | 20.33 | 2022 | up 1.1% | rising |
| 68 | Trinidad and Tobago | 20.33 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 70 | Rwanda | 20.2 | 2022 | up 43.3% | rising |
| 71 | Puerto Rico | 19.54 | 2022 | down 8.9% | falling |
| 72 | Vietnam | 18.13 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 73 | Malawi | 17.5 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 74 | Netherlands | 16.66 | 2022 | down 18.1% | falling |
| 75 | Senegal | 16.28 | 2022 | up 28.1% | rising |
| 76 | Maldives | 15.67 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 77 | United Kingdom | 14.35 | 2022 | up 5.0% | falling |
| 78 | Saint Lucia | 14.3 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 79 | Haiti | 13.38 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 80 | Mauritania | 13.25 | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 81 | Estonia | 13.05 | 2022 | down 26.1% | falling |
| 82 | Tanzania | 12.96 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 83 | Moldova | 12.56 | 2022 | down 0.5% | falling |
| 84 | Jamaica | 12.38 | 2022 | down 10.1% | rising |
| 85 | Portugal | 12.32 | 2022 | down 30.4% | falling |
| 86 | El Salvador | 12.09 | 2022 | down 5.2% | rising |
| 87 | Uruguay | 12.05 | 2022 | up 10.7% | rising |
| 88 | Madagascar | 11.26 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 89 | Eritrea | 11.18 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 90 | Niger | 11.02 | 2022 | up 85.2% | rising |
| 91 | Argentina | 10.46 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 92 | Burundi | 10.19 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 93 | Dominica | 10 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 94 | Nigeria | 9.67 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 95 | Chile | 8.98 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 96 | Austria | 8.68 | 2022 | down 8.0% | falling |
| 97 | Antigua and Barbuda | 8.46 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 98 | Nepal | 8.31 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 99 | Hungary | 8.11 | 2022 | down 7.0% | falling |
| 100 | Ireland | 8.05 | 2022 | up 70.6% | rising |
| 100 | New Zealand | 8.05 | 2022 | up 31.1% | rising |
| 102 | Mali | 8 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 103 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 7.9 | 2022 | down 2.5% | falling |
| 104 | Burkina Faso | 7.82 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 105 | Romania | 7.63 | 2022 | up 25.7% | falling |
| 106 | Venezuela | 7.54 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 107 | Finland | 7.11 | 2022 | down 25.2% | falling |
| 108 | Grenada | 7.05 | 2022 | up 7.0% | rising |
| 109 | Ecuador | 6.78 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 110 | Switzerland | 6.5 | 2022 | down 14.8% | falling |
| 111 | Djibouti | 6.33 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 112 | Ghana | 6.31 | 2022 | up 10.1% | rising |
| 113 | Ukraine | 6.3 | 2022 | down 62.2% | falling |
| 114 | Costa Rica | 5.88 | 2022 | up 47.4% | rising |
| 115 | Uganda | 5.83 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 116 | Myanmar | 5.8 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 117 | Guatemala | 5.74 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 117 | Serbia | 5.74 | 2022 | up 15.7% | rising |
| 119 | Bangladesh | 5.72 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 120 | Slovenia | 5.59 | 2022 | down 10.8% | flat |
| 121 | Cote d'Ivoire | 5.09 | 2022 | down 6.8% | falling |
| 122 | Peru | 4.83 | 2022 | up 12.3% | rising |
| 123 | Laos | 4.79 | 2022 | up 10.4% | rising |
| 124 | Australia | 4.67 | 2022 | down 26.8% | falling |
| 125 | Belarus | 4.66 | 2022 | down 7.4% | falling |
| 126 | Honduras | 4.62 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 127 | Reunion | 4.3 | 2022 | down 53.2% | falling |
| 128 | Chad | 4.29 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 129 | Bermuda | 4.24 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 130 | South Sudan | 4.23 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 131 | Georgia | 4.21 | 2022 | down 24.3% | falling |
| 132 | Russia | 4.12 | 2022 | up 1.2% | falling |
| 133 | Luxembourg | 3.96 | 2022 | up 7.0% | falling |
| 134 | Suriname | 3.95 | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 135 | Canada | 3.72 | 2022 | down 0.8% | falling |
| 136 | Colombia | 3.63 | 2022 | up 37.0% | rising |
| 137 | Sweden | 3.58 | 2022 | down 3.2% | falling |
| 138 | Brunei | 3.47 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 139 | Malaysia | 3.44 | 2022 | up 9.9% | rising |
| 140 | Mongolia | 3.4 | 2022 | down 5.6% | falling |
| 141 | Togo | 3.39 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 142 | Guyana | 3.3 | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 143 | Zambia | 2.84 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 144 | Lesotho | 2.57 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 145 | Slovak Republic | 2.43 | 2022 | down 15.0% | falling |
| 146 | Botswana | 2.23 | 2022 | up 9.9% | rising |
| 147 | Nicaragua | 2.22 | 2022 | down 13.3% | falling |
| 148 | Gambia | 2.21 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 149 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 2.07 | 2022 | down 28.9% | falling |
| 150 | Norway | 2.01 | 2022 | down 3.4% | flat |
| 151 | Sao Tome and Principe | 1.88 | 2022 | up 16.8% | rising |
| 152 | Angola | 1.87 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 153 | Paraguay | 1.84 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 154 | Lithuania | 1.83 | 2022 | down 52.7% | volatile |
| 155 | Mozambique | 1.75 | 2022 | up 8.7% | rising |
| 156 | Cameroon | 1.56 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 157 | Croatia | 1.51 | 2022 | up 4.1% | rising |
| 158 | Brazil | 1.5 | 2022 | down 54.5% | falling |
| 158 | Guinea-Bissau | 1.5 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 160 | Bhutan | 1.41 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 161 | Guinea | 1.37 | 2022 | up 20.2% | rising |
| 162 | Belize | 1.26 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 163 | Cambodia | 1.04 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 164 | Latvia | 1.02 | 2022 | down 30.1% | falling |
| 165 | Benin | 0.98 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 166 | Panama | 0.9 | 2022 | up 4.7% | rising |
| 167 | Comoros | 0.83 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 168 | Gabon | 0.5 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 168 | Sierra Leone | 0.5 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 170 | Iceland | 0.39 | 2022 | down 2.5% | rising |
| 171 | Central African Republic | 0.34 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 172 | Namibia | 0.31 | 2022 | down 47.5% | falling |
| 173 | Fiji | 0.3 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 174 | Liberia | 0.26 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 175 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 0.23 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 176 | Bolivia | 0.2 | 2022 | down 83.3% | falling |
| 177 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.18 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 178 | Papua New Guinea | 0.13 | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 179 | Congo | 0.03 | 2022 | unchanged | flat |