River flooding exposure — Cropland share exposed to river flooding by country
The dataset provides a global assessment of land, population, built-up area and cropland exposure to river flooding for different return periods. Exposure indicators to river flooding have been prepared by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Please see the working paper for a more...
Countries reporting
161
Highest
43.61 Percentage of agricultural land area
Bangladesh
Lowest
1.96 Percentage of agricultural land area
Lithuania
Median
3.74 Percentage of agricultural land area
Years covered
23
2000–2022
Data points
78,723
What the numbers show
River flooding exposure — Cropland share exposed to river flooding is currently reported for 161 countries. The highest value is 43.61 Percentage of agricultural land area in Bangladesh; the lowest is 1.96 Percentage of agricultural land area in Lithuania.
The median across all reporting countries is 3.74 Percentage of agricultural land area, and the mean is 6.3 Percentage of agricultural land area.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 22.
Over the past decade 70 countries rose and 90 fell. The largest increase was in Brunei Darussalam (up 39.3%), and the largest decrease in Oman (down 14.5%).
River flooding exposure — Cropland share exposed to river flooding: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bangladesh | 43.61 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 1.0% | flat |
| 2 | Liechtenstein | 43.56 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 2.2% | flat |
| 3 | Egypt | 38.91 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.4% | falling |
| 4 | Suriname | 34.64 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 2.1% | falling |
| 5 | Pakistan | 34.11 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.6% | flat |
| 6 | South Sudan | 30.62 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.9% | flat |
| 7 | Uzbekistan | 26.53 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.9% | flat |
| 7 | Croatia | 11.18 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.6% | flat |
| 8 | Turkmenistan | 23.72 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.5% | flat |
| 9 | Iraq | 21.9 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.6% | flat |
| 10 | Cambodia | 20.83 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.7% | falling |
| 11 | Somalia | 20.62 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.7% | flat |
| 12 | Guyana | 18.82 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 2.8% | falling |
| 13 | Myanmar | 18.21 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 1.8% | flat |
| 14 | Bolivia | 15.61 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 2.9% | flat |
| 15 | Hungary | 15.44 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.0% | flat |
| 16 | Laos | 14.71 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.9% | falling |
| 17 | Venezuela | 13.6 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 2.8% | flat |
| 18 | Azerbaijan | 12.96 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 1.1% | flat |
| 19 | Thailand | 12.92 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.1% | flat |
| 20 | Papua New Guinea | 12.82 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.3% | rising |
| 21 | Chad | 12.68 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.4% | flat |
| 22 | Serbia | 11.73 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.8% | flat |
| 23 | French Guiana | 10.09 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 10.7% | falling |
| 24 | Mali | 9.53 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.1% | flat |
| 24 | Madagascar | 4.75 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.1% | flat |
| 25 | Colombia | 8.99 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.3% | flat |
| 26 | Cameroon | 8.88 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.0% | flat |
| 27 | Gabon | 8.83 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.3% | rising |
| 27 | Mauritania | 4.58 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.3% | flat |
| 28 | Gambia | 8.41 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.1% | falling |
| 29 | Kazakhstan | 8.39 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.7% | flat |
| 30 | India | 8.25 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.9% | flat |
| 31 | Indonesia | 8.12 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.4% | flat |
| 32 | Romania | 8.07 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.2% | flat |
| 33 | Honduras | 7.5 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 5.2% | rising |
| 34 | Belarus | 7.33 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.8% | flat |
| 35 | Argentina | 7 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.4% | flat |
| 36 | El Salvador | 6.66 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 37 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 6.59 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 2.4% | flat |
| 38 | Yemen | 6.48 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.1% | flat |
| 38 | Moldova | 3.78 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.3% | flat |
| 39 | Afghanistan | 6.33 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.4% | flat |
| 40 | Finland | 6.23 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 4.9% | falling |
| 41 | Malaysia | 5.84 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.3% | flat |
| 42 | Switzerland | 5.81 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.3% | flat |
| 43 | Italy | 5.75 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.0% | flat |
| 44 | Nepal | 5.58 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.2% | flat |
| 45 | Albania | 5.57 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 1.8% | rising |
| 46 | Sudan | 5.53 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.1% | flat |
| 47 | Congo | 5.52 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 7.5% | rising |
| 48 | Uruguay | 5.48 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.0% | rising |
| 49 | Tajikistan | 5.36 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.6% | flat |
| 50 | Central African Republic | 5.3 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 4.2% | rising |
| 51 | Nigeria | 5.25 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.0% | flat |
| 52 | United States | 5.17 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.6% | flat |
| 53 | Germany | 5.04 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.4% | flat |
| 54 | Peru | 4.91 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 6.1% | rising |
| 54 | Ethiopia | 1.65 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 55 | Mozambique | 4.86 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.6% | flat |
| 56 | Paraguay | 4.79 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 2.1% | flat |
| 57 | Mongolia | 4.76 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.5% | flat |
| 58 | Guatemala | 4.7 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.9% | rising |
| 59 | OECD | 4.64 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.7% | flat |
| 59 | Eswatini | 1.38 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 3.9% | rising |
| 60 | Greece | 4.56 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.8% | flat |
| 61 | Australia | 4.46 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.8% | flat |
| 62 | Australia and New Zealand | 4.41 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.8% | flat |
| 63 | Russia | 4.34 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.1% | flat |
| 64 | Sweden | 4.23 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 3.8% | flat |
| 65 | Iran | 4.12 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.4% | flat |
| 66 | Ecuador | 4.04 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 3.1% | falling |
| 66 | Lesotho | 0.7979 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 1.8% | flat |
| 67 | Austria | 4.01 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.1% | flat |
| 67 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.7643 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 10.6% | rising |
| 68 | Japan | 3.93 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 2.7% | falling |
| 68 | Caribbean | 0.5031 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.7% | flat |
| 69 | Sierra Leone | 3.78 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.8% | flat |
| 70 | Senegal | 3.74 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.4% | flat |
| 71 | North Macedonia | 3.64 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 72 | Ukraine | 3.51 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.7% | flat |
| 73 | Benin | 3.42 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.2% | flat |
| 74 | Georgia | 3.33 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.3% | flat |
| 75 | Norway | 3.2 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 2.5% | flat |
| 76 | Niger | 3.17 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.1% | flat |
| 77 | Nicaragua | 3.1 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 4.0% | flat |
| 78 | Belgium | 3.05 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.5% | flat |
| 79 | United Kingdom | 2.93 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.2% | flat |
| 80 | Bulgaria | 2.92 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.3% | flat |
| 81 | Czechia | 2.91 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.8% | flat |
| 82 | Bhutan | 2.78 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 3.9% | falling |
| 83 | Brazil | 2.68 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.9% | flat |
| 84 | Western Sahara | 2.6 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 5.8% | flat |
| 85 | Canada | 2.59 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.5% | flat |
| 86 | France | 2.58 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.6% | flat |
| 87 | Montenegro | 2.55 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 2.3% | rising |
| 88 | Saudi Arabia | 2.48 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.9% | flat |
| 89 | North Korea | 2.46 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 4.6% | falling |
| 90 | Belize | 2.42 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.8% | falling |
| 91 | Armenia | 2.3 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 1.3% | flat |
| 92 | Spain | 2.1 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.3% | flat |
| 93 | Costa Rica | 1.98 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 9.1% | falling |
| 94 | Morocco | 1.97 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.3% | flat |
| 95 | Philippines | 1.92 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.0% | flat |
| 96 | Guinea-Bissau | 1.8 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 97 | Ghana | 1.79 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.9% | flat |
| 98 | Zambia | 1.75 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.3% | flat |
| 99 | Kenya | 1.71 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 3.7% | flat |
| 100 | Ireland | 1.71 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.3% | flat |
| 101 | Côte d’Ivoire | 1.65 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.1% | flat |
| 102 | Uganda | 1.61 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.8% | flat |
| 103 | Guinea | 1.59 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 1.9% | flat |
| 104 | Dominican Republic | 1.59 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 3.9% | flat |
| 105 | Liberia | 1.58 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 106 | Tanzania | 1.52 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 2.0% | flat |
| 107 | Malawi | 1.51 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.6% | flat |
| 108 | Haiti | 1.48 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 1.8% | flat |
| 109 | Portugal | 1.45 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.2% | flat |
| 110 | Israel | 1.43 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 2.4% | flat |
| 111 | Togo | 1.42 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.2% | flat |
| 112 | Tunisia | 1.39 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.6% | flat |
| 113 | Palestine | 1.32 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 3.2% | rising |
| 114 | Namibia | 1.3 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 5.3% | flat |
| 115 | Luxembourg | 1.3 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.2% | falling |
| 116 | Mexico | 1.29 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 7.2% | falling |
| 117 | Angola | 1.21 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 2.1% | falling |
| 118 | Viet Nam | 27.4 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.7% | flat |
| 118 | Sri Lanka | 1.15 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 1.6% | flat |
| 119 | Chile | 1.11 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 120 | Burkina Faso | 1.11 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.3% | flat |
| 121 | South Africa | 1.05 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.1% | flat |
| 122 | Lebanon | 1.02 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.5% | flat |
| 123 | Botswana | 1.02 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 6.8% | rising |
| 124 | Eritrea | 0.9811 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.2% | flat |
| 125 | Cyprus | 0.9757 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 126 | Djibouti | 0.9654 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | — | volatile |
| 127 | Jordan | 0.9309 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.2% | flat |
| 128 | Kuwait | 0.8646 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.2% | rising |
| 129 | Rwanda | 0.763 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.9% | flat |
| 130 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.7233 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.1% | flat |
| 131 | Zimbabwe | 0.7089 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.5% | flat |
| 132 | Burundi | 0.6338 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 2.2% | falling |
| 133 | Brunei Darussalam | 0.6316 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 39.3% | flat |
| 134 | Algeria | 0.6249 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.3% | falling |
| 135 | Denmark | 0.4761 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.4% | flat |
| 136 | Oman | 0.4252 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 14.5% | falling |
| 137 | New Zealand | 0.327 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.7% | flat |
| 138 | Panama | 0.3224 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 13.4% | rising |
| 139 | Libya | 0.2434 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.6% | flat |
| 140 | Cuba | 0.1355 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 6.1% | falling |
| 141 | United Arab Emirates | 0.0245 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 39.2% | rising |
| 396 | Netherlands | 12.17 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.4% | flat |
| 438 | Melanesia | 10.87 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.1% | rising |
| 739 | Slovenia | 6.35 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 3.1% | falling |
| 983 | Poland | 4.51 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.2% | flat |
| 996 | Latvia | 4.43 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.1% | flat |
| 1030 | Syrian Arab Republic | 4.29 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 1.6% | flat |
| 1306 | Estonia | 3.12 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 2.1% | flat |
| 1387 | Türkiye | 2.78 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 0.0% | flat |
| 1495 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 2.43 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | up 1.3% | flat |
| 1628 | Lithuania | 1.96 Percentage of agricultural land area | 2022 | down 0.8% | flat |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Mojana - SU 90.88 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Sonora 24.24 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Depresion Momposina - BL 89.62 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Amapá 16.22 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Region 5, NT 88.59 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Rio de Janeiro 15.18 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Zuidwest-Gelderland 85.62 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Slovak Republic 12.75 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Zuidoost-Zuid-Holland (TL2021) 84.84 Percentage of agricultural land area
- South-Eastern Asia 11.77 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Baton Rouge-Pierre Part, LA 84.82 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Southern Asia 11.27 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Northwest Territories 84.25 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Rovigo 77.58 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Central Asia 10.51 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Astrakhan Oblast 76.74 Percentage of agricultural land area
- China (People's Republic of) 9.64 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Division 21, MB 70.38 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Eastern Asia 9.08 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 9.08 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Tabasco, R1 68.46 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Jackson-Yazoo City, MS 68.25 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Middle East and North Africa 8.83 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Division 11, MB 64.98 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Central America 7.73 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Arnhem/Nijmegen 64.81 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Treviso 7.44 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Loba - BL 62.91 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Caldas 7.24 Percentage of agricultural land area
- New Orleans-Metairie-Bogalusa, LA 62.55 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Roraima 6.69 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Shreveport-Bossier City-Minden, LA 60.68 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Northern Africa 6.16 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Mojana Bolivarense - BL 57.83 Percentage of agricultural land area
- G20 5.94 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Fort Smith, AR-OK 57.38 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Acre 5.71 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR 56 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Espírito Santo 5.08 Percentage of agricultural land area
- Tabasco, R2 55.37 Percentage of agricultural land area
About this data
The dataset provides a global assessment of land, population, built-up area and cropland exposure to river flooding for different return periods. Exposure indicators to river flooding have been prepared by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Please see the working paper for a more complete description of the methods. The datasets span the period 2000-2020 depending on data availability and is based on river flood hazard maps with a 10-, 20-, 50- and 100-year return period. A return period is the average or estimated time that a specific hazard is likely to recur. The dataset has a global coverage on a national level; on the sub-national TL2 level (i.e. large subnational regions) results are reported for all OECD countries as well as for Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia and South Africa. A number of aggregates are included: Euro area, European Union, Advanced economies, Emerging market economies, G7, G20, OECD, OECD Europe, OECD Asia Oceania, OECD Americas and the LAC region. Data source(s): JRC River flood hazard map data, Copernicus Climate Change Initiative land cover data and Global Human Settlement Layer population grid data. Contact: ENV.Stat@oecd.org