Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index in Eswatini
Eswatini: Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index was 0.9163 in 2023. ◆ Volatile
Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index in Eswatini, 1960–2023
Source: Global SPEI database (SPEIbase). https://spei.csic.es/database.html.
Analysis
In 2023, standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index in Eswatini stood at 0.9163.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 645.7% on the previous year and up 206.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index in Eswatini peaked at 2.65 in 2000 and was at its lowest, -2.42, in 1992.
Eswatini ranks 14th of 189 countries on this measure, in the top 10%.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index in Eswatini, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1960 | 0.9328 | — |
| 1961 | 0.1082 | -88.4% |
| 1962 | -0.9354 | -964.5% |
| 1963 | -0.5429 | -42.0% |
| 1964 | -0.491 | -9.6% |
| 1965 | -1.37 | +179.5% |
| 1966 | 0.5314 | -138.7% |
| 1967 | 0.6841 | +28.7% |
| 1968 | -0.3033 | -144.3% |
| 1969 | 1.21 | -500.1% |
| 1970 | -1.6 | -232.0% |
| 1971 | 0.8735 | -154.5% |
| 1972 | 1.01 | +15.3% |
| 1973 | 1.06 | +5.2% |
| 1974 | 0.1443 | -86.4% |
| 1975 | 1.36 | +841.9% |
| 1976 | 1.13 | -17.1% |
| 1977 | 0.6513 | -42.2% |
| 1978 | 1.26 | +93.0% |
| 1979 | -0.7748 | -161.6% |
| 1980 | 0.0778 | -110.0% |
| 1981 | 1.39 | +1689.2% |
| 1982 | -1.62 | -216.0% |
| 1983 | 0.0332 | -102.1% |
| 1984 | 1.07 | +3113.3% |
| 1985 | -0.4294 | -140.3% |
| 1986 | -0.8213 | +91.3% |
| 1987 | 0.1437 | -117.5% |
| 1988 | 0.5897 | +310.4% |
| 1989 | 0.3983 | -32.5% |
| 1990 | -0.7764 | -294.9% |
| 1991 | -0.9591 | +23.5% |
| 1992 | -2.42 | +152.3% |
| 1993 | -0.3095 | -87.2% |
| 1994 | -1.03 | +233.4% |
| 1995 | -0.2682 | -74.0% |
| 1996 | 0.786 | -393.1% |
| 1997 | 0.8667 | +10.3% |
| 1998 | 0.7951 | -8.3% |
| 1999 | 0.2203 | -72.3% |
| 2000 | 2.65 | +1101.0% |
| 2001 | 0.5558 | -79.0% |
| 2002 | -1.42 | -355.2% |
| 2003 | -1.06 | -25.3% |
| 2004 | 0.0536 | -105.1% |
| 2005 | -1.1 | -2161.4% |
| 2006 | 0.3718 | -133.7% |
| 2007 | -0.9892 | -366.1% |
| 2008 | -0.2538 | -74.3% |
| 2009 | 0.1444 | -156.9% |
| 2010 | -1.04 | -820.4% |
| 2011 | -0.3199 | -69.2% |
| 2012 | 0.2538 | -179.3% |
| 2013 | -0.859 | -438.5% |
| 2014 | -0.2621 | -69.5% |
| 2015 | -1.17 | +346.5% |
| 2016 | -0.6515 | -44.3% |
| 2017 | -0.0254 | -96.1% |
| 2018 | -0.6954 | +2637.8% |
| 2019 | -0.9675 | +39.1% |
| 2020 | -0.6346 | -34.4% |
| 2021 | 0.8874 | -239.8% |
| 2022 | -0.1679 | -118.9% |
| 2023 | 0.9163 | -645.7% |
Eswatini compared with similar countries
- Eswatini's 0.9163 is above the median for lower middle income countries, which is -0.0753. (46 countries reporting)
- Eswatini's 0.9163 is above the median for Sub-Saharan Africa, which is -0.1805. (48 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index in Eswatini changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1984 | +3113.3% | 0.0332 | 1.07 |
| 2018 | -2637.8% | -0.0254 | -0.6954 |
| 2005 | -2161.4% | 0.0536 | -1.1 |
| 1981 | +1689.2% | 0.0778 | 1.39 |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960s | -0.0175 | -1.37 | 1.21 | 10 |
| 1970s | 0.5101 | -1.6 | 1.36 | 10 |
| 1980s | 0.0835 | -1.62 | 1.39 | 10 |
| 1990s | -0.3097 | -2.42 | 0.8667 | 10 |
| 2000s | -0.1055 | -1.42 | 2.65 | 10 |
| 2010s | -0.5737 | -1.17 | 0.2538 | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.2503 | -0.6346 | 0.9163 | 4 |
Countries ranked near Eswatini
More environment data for Eswatini
- Standard Deviation, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Standard Deviation 0.321 °C (2025)
- Temperature change 1.02 °C (2025)
- Wood-based panels — Production, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), annual 0.2772 % change on previous year (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per unit 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per capita 0 Mt CO2e per person (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), annual growth rate -2.19 % change on previous year (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), per unit of GDP 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), per capita 0 Mt CO2e per person (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index in Eswatini?
- Standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index in Eswatini was 0.9163 in 2023, according to Global SPEI database (SPEIbase). https://spei.csic.es/database.html.
- What is the highest standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index recorded in Eswatini?
- The highest recorded value was 2.65 in 2000.
- What is the lowest standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index recorded in Eswatini?
- The lowest recorded value was -2.42 in 1992.
- How does Eswatini rank for standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index?
- Eswatini ranks 14th out of 189 countries with data for 2023.
- Is standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index rising or falling in Eswatini?
- Over the last ten years it is up 206.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Eswatini data come from?
- The figures come from Global SPEI database (SPEIbase). https://spei.csic.es/database.html, published as part of Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 64 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data).
About this data
The SPEI fulfills the requirements of a drought index since its multi-scalar character enables it to be used by different scientific disciplines to detect, monitor, and analyze droughts. Like the sc-PDSI and the SPI, the SPEI can measure drought severity according to its intensity and duration, and can identify the onset and end of drought episodes. The SPEI allows comparison of drought severity through time and space, since it can be calculated over a wide range of climates, as can the SPI.