Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index by country
The SPEI fulfills the requirements of a drought index since its multi-scalar character enables it to be used by different scientific disciplines to detect, monitor, and analyze droughts. Like the sc-PDSI and the SPI, the SPEI can measure drought severity according to its intensity and duration, and can identify the...
Countries reporting
188
Highest
2.41
Micronesia (country)
Lowest
-2.48
Turkmenistan
Median
-0.3044
Years covered
64
1960–2023
Data points
12,095
What the numbers show
Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index is currently reported for 188 countries. The highest value is 2.41 in Micronesia (country); the lowest is -2.48 in Turkmenistan.
The median across all reporting countries is -0.3044, and the mean is -0.3669.
Over the past decade 91 countries rose and 97 fell. The largest increase was in Georgia (up 2,960.1%), and the largest decrease in Ecuador (down 5,893.8%).
Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Micronesia (country) | 2.41 | 2023 | up 206.9% | volatile |
| 2 | Sri Lanka | 1.89 | 2023 | up 298.9% | volatile |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 1.86 | 2023 | up 510.1% | volatile |
| 4 | Kenya | 1.83 | 2023 | up 464.3% | volatile |
| 5 | Denmark | 1.73 | 2023 | up 280.5% | volatile |
| 6 | Ireland | 1.62 | 2023 | up 655.5% | volatile |
| 7 | Norway | 1.45 | 2023 | up 2,937.9% | volatile |
| 8 | Netherlands | 1.3 | 2023 | up 274.3% | volatile |
| 9 | Fiji | 1.16 | 2023 | up 251.6% | volatile |
| 10 | South Korea | 1.1 | 2023 | up 297.8% | volatile |
| 11 | Finland | 1.06 | 2023 | up 278.2% | volatile |
| 12 | Bahamas | 0.9973 | 2023 | up 487.0% | volatile |
| 13 | Tanzania | 0.9803 | 2023 | up 341.2% | volatile |
| 14 | Eswatini | 0.9163 | 2023 | up 206.7% | volatile |
| 15 | Pakistan | 0.8917 | 2023 | up 51.3% | volatile |
| 16 | Cameroon | 0.8544 | 2023 | up 185.3% | volatile |
| 17 | Singapore | 0.8521 | 2023 | up 16.0% | volatile |
| 18 | Sierra Leone | 0.836 | 2023 | up 291.6% | volatile |
| 19 | Palau | 0.8183 | 2023 | up 145.9% | volatile |
| 20 | Georgia | 0.7379 | 2023 | up 2,960.1% | volatile |
| 21 | Sweden | 0.7254 | 2023 | up 218.2% | volatile |
| 22 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.694 | 2023 | up 3.8% | volatile |
| 23 | Dominican Republic | 0.5707 | 2023 | up 138.1% | volatile |
| 24 | Malaysia | 0.5665 | 2023 | up 30.1% | volatile |
| 25 | Belgium | 0.5641 | 2023 | up 333.5% | volatile |
| 26 | Mauritius | 0.5441 | 2023 | up 217.2% | volatile |
| 27 | Montenegro | 0.5429 | 2023 | up 304.2% | volatile |
| 28 | Luxembourg | 0.5375 | 2023 | up 1,590.2% | volatile |
| 29 | Croatia | 0.5371 | 2023 | down 10.1% | volatile |
| 30 | Slovakia | 0.5205 | 2023 | up 425.1% | volatile |
| 31 | Congo | 0.5075 | 2023 | up 214.2% | volatile |
| 32 | India | 0.4919 | 2023 | down 62.1% | volatile |
| 33 | Cambodia | 0.4913 | 2023 | down 70.8% | volatile |
| 34 | Haiti | 0.474 | 2023 | up 119.8% | volatile |
| 35 | New Zealand | 0.469 | 2023 | up 234.7% | volatile |
| 36 | Togo | 0.4388 | 2023 | up 134.9% | volatile |
| 37 | Estonia | 0.4321 | 2023 | up 161.3% | volatile |
| 38 | Slovenia | 0.4102 | 2023 | down 18.3% | volatile |
| 39 | Central African Republic | 0.4086 | 2023 | down 30.0% | volatile |
| 40 | Hungary | 0.3955 | 2023 | up 198.5% | volatile |
| 41 | Burundi | 0.3757 | 2023 | up 393.0% | volatile |
| 42 | Malawi | 0.3607 | 2023 | up 206.2% | volatile |
| 43 | Uganda | 0.3376 | 2023 | down 77.4% | volatile |
| 44 | Nigeria | 0.3331 | 2023 | up 121.1% | volatile |
| 45 | Ethiopia | 0.315 | 2023 | down 51.7% | volatile |
| 46 | Turkey | 0.3045 | 2023 | up 120.2% | volatile |
| 47 | Seychelles | 0.2971 | 2023 | up 157.2% | volatile |
| 48 | Germany | 0.2704 | 2023 | up 223.8% | volatile |
| 49 | Laos | 0.2528 | 2023 | down 84.1% | volatile |
| 50 | Bolivia | 0.2295 | 2023 | down 80.4% | volatile |
| 51 | Papua New Guinea | 0.2258 | 2023 | up 91.5% | volatile |
| 52 | Ghana | 0.223 | 2023 | up 116.8% | volatile |
| 53 | Iceland | 0.2221 | 2023 | down 75.9% | volatile |
| 54 | Lebanon | 0.2115 | 2023 | up 128.8% | volatile |
| 55 | Kiribati | 0.1953 | 2023 | down 2.7% | volatile |
| 56 | United States | 0.1948 | 2023 | down 85.6% | volatile |
| 57 | Liechtenstein | 0.1898 | 2023 | up 10.0% | volatile |
| 58 | Rwanda | 0.1688 | 2023 | down 4.5% | volatile |
| 59 | Zambia | 0.1675 | 2023 | up 115.3% | volatile |
| 60 | Angola | 0.1666 | 2023 | up 259.3% | volatile |
| 61 | Israel | 0.1631 | 2023 | up 158.6% | volatile |
| 62 | Austria | 0.1622 | 2023 | down 8.7% | volatile |
| 63 | Saint Lucia | 0.1328 | 2023 | up 130.9% | volatile |
| 64 | Samoa | 0.104 | 2023 | down 55.7% | volatile |
| 65 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 0.1032 | 2023 | up 13.9% | volatile |
| 66 | Grenada | 0.0819 | 2023 | up 106.3% | volatile |
| 67 | Serbia | 0.0761 | 2023 | up 136.7% | volatile |
| 68 | Armenia | 0.0672 | 2023 | up 109.8% | volatile |
| 69 | Mozambique | 0.0591 | 2023 | up 120.9% | volatile |
| 70 | Philippines | 0.0298 | 2023 | down 94.6% | volatile |
| 71 | North Korea | 0.0249 | 2023 | down 97.9% | volatile |
| 72 | Myanmar | 0.0246 | 2023 | down 52.0% | volatile |
| 73 | Solomon Islands | 0.0007 | 2023 | up 40.0% | volatile |
| 74 | Vanuatu | -0.0005 | 2023 | up 84.8% | volatile |
| 75 | Jordan | -0.0156 | 2023 | up 96.3% | volatile |
| 76 | Benin | -0.0289 | 2023 | up 97.6% | volatile |
| 77 | Guinea-Bissau | -0.064 | 2023 | up 74.5% | volatile |
| 78 | Paraguay | -0.0659 | 2023 | up 72.8% | volatile |
| 79 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | -0.1168 | 2023 | up 55.9% | volatile |
| 80 | Bhutan | -0.1217 | 2023 | up 66.9% | volatile |
| 81 | Guinea | -0.1507 | 2023 | up 43.9% | volatile |
| 82 | Ukraine | -0.1519 | 2023 | down 1,162.2% | volatile |
| 82 | Uruguay | -0.1519 | 2023 | up 72.5% | volatile |
| 84 | Switzerland | -0.165 | 2023 | down 141.2% | volatile |
| 85 | Nepal | -0.1666 | 2023 | down 201.8% | volatile |
| 86 | Jamaica | -0.1761 | 2023 | up 87.0% | volatile |
| 87 | Vietnam | -0.1963 | 2023 | down 114.4% | volatile |
| 88 | Zimbabwe | -0.2103 | 2023 | up 52.1% | volatile |
| 89 | Cuba | -0.2291 | 2023 | down 145.3% | volatile |
| 90 | Latvia | -0.2384 | 2023 | up 55.0% | volatile |
| 91 | Dominica | -0.2416 | 2023 | up 49.5% | volatile |
| 92 | Suriname | -0.2863 | 2023 | down 131.3% | volatile |
| 93 | Ecuador | -0.2877 | 2023 | down 5,893.8% | volatile |
| 94 | Chad | -0.2905 | 2023 | up 68.5% | volatile |
| 95 | Chile | -0.3184 | 2023 | up 78.9% | volatile |
| 96 | Czechia | -0.3373 | 2023 | down 244.5% | volatile |
| 97 | North Macedonia | -0.3412 | 2023 | up 71.8% | volatile |
| 98 | Barbados | -0.3666 | 2023 | up 14.6% | volatile |
| 99 | Poland | -0.4106 | 2023 | down 256.2% | volatile |
| 100 | Albania | -0.4275 | 2023 | up 14.8% | volatile |
| 101 | Madagascar | -0.4634 | 2023 | down 420.5% | volatile |
| 102 | Guyana | -0.4719 | 2023 | down 410.9% | volatile |
| 103 | Belarus | -0.4865 | 2023 | down 2,817.9% | volatile |
| 104 | Lesotho | -0.4991 | 2023 | up 70.6% | volatile |
| 105 | Brunei | -0.5012 | 2023 | down 184.5% | volatile |
| 106 | Gabon | -0.5067 | 2023 | down 268.7% | volatile |
| 107 | El Salvador | -0.5258 | 2023 | down 155.6% | volatile |
| 108 | Gambia | -0.5534 | 2023 | down 10.8% | volatile |
| 109 | Australia | -0.5578 | 2023 | up 52.0% | volatile |
| 110 | Senegal | -0.5964 | 2023 | down 16.6% | volatile |
| 111 | Indonesia | -0.6539 | 2023 | down 191.0% | volatile |
| 112 | Lithuania | -0.6648 | 2023 | down 202.6% | volatile |
| 113 | Botswana | -0.6872 | 2023 | down 0.5% | volatile |
| 114 | Sao Tome and Principe | -0.7011 | 2023 | down 33.6% | volatile |
| 115 | Russia | -0.7072 | 2023 | down 176.4% | volatile |
| 116 | Colombia | -0.7208 | 2023 | up 5.0% | volatile |
| 117 | South Africa | -0.7253 | 2023 | up 50.6% | volatile |
| 118 | Cyprus | -0.7342 | 2023 | up 52.8% | volatile |
| 119 | Cote d'Ivoire | -0.7348 | 2023 | up 52.4% | volatile |
| 120 | Honduras | -0.7677 | 2023 | down 159.7% | volatile |
| 121 | France | -0.7829 | 2023 | down 242.8% | volatile |
| 122 | Syria | -0.7916 | 2023 | up 20.6% | volatile |
| 123 | Thailand | -0.7925 | 2023 | down 165.4% | volatile |
| 124 | Belize | -0.8121 | 2023 | down 128.6% | volatile |
| 125 | Japan | -0.8352 | 2023 | down 2,300.0% | volatile |
| 126 | South Sudan | -0.8559 | 2023 | down 65.7% | volatile |
| 127 | Somalia | -0.8577 | 2023 | down 1,194.0% | volatile |
| 128 | Liberia | -0.8665 | 2023 | down 302.8% | volatile |
| 129 | Niger | -0.8767 | 2023 | up 21.5% | volatile |
| 130 | Argentina | -0.8851 | 2023 | up 44.9% | volatile |
| 131 | Namibia | -0.8997 | 2023 | down 12.7% | volatile |
| 132 | Eritrea | -0.9043 | 2023 | down 46.4% | volatile |
| 133 | Bulgaria | -0.9131 | 2023 | up 2.8% | volatile |
| 134 | Nicaragua | -0.9293 | 2023 | up 10.1% | volatile |
| 135 | Equatorial Guinea | -0.9329 | 2023 | down 3.8% | volatile |
| 136 | Tonga | -0.9438 | 2023 | down 5,820.0% | volatile |
| 137 | Kuwait | -0.9488 | 2023 | up 12.1% | volatile |
| 138 | Romania | -0.9599 | 2023 | down 310.9% | volatile |
| 139 | Azerbaijan | -0.977 | 2023 | down 14.1% | volatile |
| 140 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | -1 | 2023 | down 130.0% | volatile |
| 141 | Bangladesh | -1 | 2023 | up 9.1% | volatile |
| 142 | Burkina Faso | -1.02 | 2023 | up 8.3% | volatile |
| 143 | Peru | -1.07 | 2023 | down 621.8% | volatile |
| 144 | Mongolia | -1.09 | 2023 | down 978.1% | volatile |
| 145 | Antigua and Barbuda | -1.1 | 2023 | down 30.1% | volatile |
| 146 | Sudan | -1.11 | 2023 | down 20.5% | volatile |
| 147 | Cape Verde | -1.12 | 2023 | down 66.5% | volatile |
| 148 | Venezuela | -1.12 | 2023 | down 100.2% | volatile |
| 149 | San Marino | -1.16 | 2023 | down 105.1% | volatile |
| 150 | Kyrgyzstan | -1.16 | 2023 | down 307.4% | volatile |
| 151 | Tajikistan | -1.22 | 2023 | down 367.0% | volatile |
| 152 | Panama | -1.22 | 2023 | up 9.6% | volatile |
| 153 | Guatemala | -1.26 | 2023 | down 154.4% | volatile |
| 154 | Costa Rica | -1.29 | 2023 | up 0.7% | volatile |
| 155 | Italy | -1.31 | 2023 | down 1,437.0% | volatile |
| 156 | China | -1.33 | 2023 | down 103.2% | volatile |
| 157 | East Timor | -1.39 | 2023 | down 209.6% | volatile |
| 158 | Egypt | -1.4 | 2023 | down 0.4% | volatile |
| 159 | Iraq | -1.46 | 2023 | down 51.2% | volatile |
| 160 | Mali | -1.46 | 2023 | down 140.8% | volatile |
| 161 | Moldova | -1.47 | 2023 | down 2,128.8% | volatile |
| 162 | Trinidad and Tobago | -1.48 | 2023 | down 199.8% | volatile |
| 163 | Libya | -1.49 | 2023 | up 6.2% | volatile |
| 164 | Malta | -1.5 | 2023 | down 99.2% | volatile |
| 165 | Qatar | -1.52 | 2023 | down 213.6% | volatile |
| 166 | Bahrain | -1.52 | 2023 | down 121.7% | volatile |
| 167 | United Arab Emirates | -1.55 | 2023 | down 56.2% | volatile |
| 168 | Portugal | -1.58 | 2023 | down 573.7% | volatile |
| 169 | Yemen | -1.58 | 2023 | down 2,282.3% | volatile |
| 170 | Iran | -1.61 | 2023 | down 37.7% | volatile |
| 171 | Saudi Arabia | -1.62 | 2023 | down 126.1% | volatile |
| 172 | Oman | -1.62 | 2023 | down 1,893.4% | volatile |
| 173 | Monaco | -1.62 | 2023 | down 506.2% | volatile |
| 174 | Greece | -1.64 | 2023 | down 56.5% | volatile |
| 175 | Afghanistan | -1.64 | 2023 | down 2,229.2% | volatile |
| 176 | Tunisia | -1.77 | 2023 | down 191.6% | volatile |
| 177 | Comoros | -1.84 | 2023 | up 2.8% | volatile |
| 178 | Canada | -1.86 | 2023 | down 2,357.3% | volatile |
| 179 | Mauritania | -1.87 | 2023 | down 68.0% | volatile |
| 180 | Spain | -1.93 | 2023 | down 1,095.8% | volatile |
| 181 | Algeria | -2.02 | 2023 | down 63.0% | volatile |
| 182 | Kazakhstan | -2.13 | 2023 | down 482.4% | volatile |
| 183 | Andorra | -2.17 | 2023 | down 606.6% | volatile |
| 184 | Morocco | -2.22 | 2023 | down 84.0% | volatile |
| 185 | Brazil | -2.31 | 2023 | down 920.7% | volatile |
| 186 | Mexico | -2.36 | 2023 | down 235.1% | volatile |
| 187 | Uzbekistan | -2.38 | 2023 | down 127.9% | volatile |
| 188 | Turkmenistan | -2.48 | 2023 | down 134.5% | volatile |
About this data
The SPEI fulfills the requirements of a drought index since its multi-scalar character enables it to be used by different scientific disciplines to detect, monitor, and analyze droughts. Like the sc-PDSI and the SPI, the SPEI can measure drought severity according to its intensity and duration, and can identify the onset and end of drought episodes. The SPEI allows comparison of drought severity through time and space, since it can be calculated over a wide range of climates, as can the SPI.