Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index in Madagascar
Madagascar: Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index was -0.4634 in 2023. ◆ Volatile
Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index in Madagascar, 1960–2023
Source: Global SPEI database (SPEIbase). https://spei.csic.es/database.html.
Analysis
The most recent figure for standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index in Madagascar is -0.4634, measured in 2023.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 11.5% on the previous year and down 420.5% over ten years.
Over the whole period, standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index in Madagascar peaked at 2.74 in 1982 and was at its lowest, -2.23, in 1990.
That places Madagascar 101st out of 189 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index in Madagascar, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1960 | -1.27 | — |
| 1961 | 1.37 | -207.6% |
| 1962 | -1.72 | -226.2% |
| 1963 | -0.2639 | -84.7% |
| 1964 | 0.0781 | -129.6% |
| 1965 | 1.68 | +2055.4% |
| 1966 | 0.5656 | -66.4% |
| 1967 | 1.06 | +87.4% |
| 1968 | 0.55 | -48.1% |
| 1969 | -0.0156 | -102.8% |
| 1970 | -1.22 | +7736.5% |
| 1971 | 1.44 | -217.5% |
| 1972 | 1.76 | +22.1% |
| 1973 | 2.24 | +27.6% |
| 1974 | 1.94 | -13.4% |
| 1975 | 1.03 | -47.1% |
| 1976 | 0.6374 | -37.8% |
| 1977 | -0.1937 | -130.4% |
| 1978 | -0.487 | +151.4% |
| 1979 | 0.2586 | -153.1% |
| 1980 | -0.1715 | -166.3% |
| 1981 | 0.8927 | -620.5% |
| 1982 | 2.74 | +207.1% |
| 1983 | -0.0399 | -101.5% |
| 1984 | 1.94 | -4966.4% |
| 1985 | 0.3631 | -81.3% |
| 1986 | 0.4799 | +32.2% |
| 1987 | 0.0636 | -86.7% |
| 1988 | -0.5585 | -978.1% |
| 1989 | 2.15 | -484.9% |
| 1990 | -2.23 | -203.7% |
| 1991 | -0.7525 | -66.3% |
| 1992 | 0.4389 | -158.3% |
| 1993 | 0.7936 | +80.8% |
| 1994 | -0.4887 | -161.6% |
| 1995 | 0.4846 | -199.2% |
| 1996 | 0.5415 | +11.7% |
| 1997 | 0.7607 | +40.5% |
| 1998 | 1.4 | +83.5% |
| 1999 | -0.5522 | -139.6% |
| 2000 | -0.6568 | +18.9% |
| 2001 | 0.3206 | -148.8% |
| 2002 | 0.8644 | +169.6% |
| 2003 | -0.2796 | -132.3% |
| 2004 | 0.6972 | -349.4% |
| 2005 | -0.1482 | -121.3% |
| 2006 | 0.1498 | -201.1% |
| 2007 | 0.1167 | -22.1% |
| 2008 | 0.3647 | +212.5% |
| 2009 | 0.3511 | -3.7% |
| 2010 | -0.7996 | -327.7% |
| 2011 | -0.957 | +19.7% |
| 2012 | -0.7728 | -19.2% |
| 2013 | 0.1446 | -118.7% |
| 2014 | 0.1756 | +21.4% |
| 2015 | -1.09 | -722.0% |
| 2016 | -1.83 | +67.3% |
| 2017 | -1.23 | -32.6% |
| 2018 | 0.0445 | -103.6% |
| 2019 | 0.3257 | +631.9% |
| 2020 | -0.9765 | -399.8% |
| 2021 | -1.07 | +10.0% |
| 2022 | -0.5236 | -51.2% |
| 2023 | -0.4634 | -11.5% |
Madagascar compared with similar countries
- Madagascar's -0.4634 is above the median for low income countries, which is -0.4634, 1.0× the median. (25 countries reporting)
- Madagascar's -0.4634 is below the median for Sub-Saharan Africa, which is -0.1805, 2.6× the median. (48 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index in Madagascar changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | -7736.5% | -0.0156 | -1.22 |
| 1984 | +4966.4% | -0.0399 | 1.94 |
| 1965 | +2055.4% | 0.0781 | 1.68 |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 0.2031 | -1.72 | 1.68 | 10 |
| 1970s | 0.7388 | -1.22 | 2.24 | 10 |
| 1980s | 0.7863 | -0.5585 | 2.74 | 10 |
| 1990s | 0.0392 | -2.23 | 1.4 | 10 |
| 2000s | 0.178 | -0.6568 | 0.8644 | 10 |
| 2010s | -0.5991 | -1.83 | 0.3257 | 10 |
| 2020s | -0.7593 | -1.07 | -0.4634 | 4 |
Countries ranked near Madagascar
More environment data for Madagascar
- Standard Deviation, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Standard Deviation 0.297 °C (2025)
- Temperature change 1.17 °C (2025)
- Wood-based panels — Production, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), annual 0.2369 % change on previous year (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per unit 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per capita 0 Mt CO2e per person (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), annual growth rate -1.01 % change on previous year (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), per unit of GDP 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), per capita 0 Mt CO2e per person (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index in Madagascar?
- Standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index in Madagascar was -0.4634 in 2023, according to Global SPEI database (SPEIbase). https://spei.csic.es/database.html.
- What is the highest standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index recorded in Madagascar?
- The highest recorded value was 2.74 in 1982.
- What is the lowest standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index recorded in Madagascar?
- The lowest recorded value was -2.23 in 1990.
- How does Madagascar rank for standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index?
- Madagascar ranks 101st out of 189 countries with data for 2023.
- Is standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index rising or falling in Madagascar?
- Over the last ten years it is down 420.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Madagascar data come from?
- The figures come from Global SPEI database (SPEIbase). https://spei.csic.es/database.html, published as part of Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 64 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data).
About this data
The SPEI fulfills the requirements of a drought index since its multi-scalar character enables it to be used by different scientific disciplines to detect, monitor, and analyze droughts. Like the sc-PDSI and the SPI, the SPEI can measure drought severity according to its intensity and duration, and can identify the onset and end of drought episodes. The SPEI allows comparison of drought severity through time and space, since it can be calculated over a wide range of climates, as can the SPI.