Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index in Botswana
Botswana: Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index was -0.6872 in 2023. ◆ Volatile
Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index in Botswana, 1960–2023
Source: Global SPEI database (SPEIbase). https://spei.csic.es/database.html.
Analysis
The most recent figure for standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index in Botswana is -0.6872, measured in 2023.
The figure is down 11,007.9% on the previous year and down 0.5% over ten years.
Over the whole period, standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index in Botswana peaked at 2.85 in 1974 and was at its lowest, -2.74, in 1992.
That places Botswana 113th out of 189 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index in Botswana, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1960 | -0.2256 | — |
| 1961 | 0.95 | -521.1% |
| 1962 | -0.6228 | -165.6% |
| 1963 | 0.8219 | -232.0% |
| 1964 | -2.11 | -357.3% |
| 1965 | -2.27 | +7.3% |
| 1966 | 0.5657 | -124.9% |
| 1967 | 1.71 | +201.6% |
| 1968 | -0.0811 | -104.8% |
| 1969 | 0.2914 | -459.3% |
| 1970 | -1.92 | -758.5% |
| 1971 | 0.1816 | -109.5% |
| 1972 | 0.5216 | +187.2% |
| 1973 | 0.8545 | +63.8% |
| 1974 | 2.85 | +233.9% |
| 1975 | 1.02 | -64.1% |
| 1976 | 2.22 | +116.9% |
| 1977 | 1.67 | -25.0% |
| 1978 | 1.6 | -4.2% |
| 1979 | -0.5393 | -133.8% |
| 1980 | 0.1082 | -120.1% |
| 1981 | 0.7369 | +581.1% |
| 1982 | -1.29 | -274.6% |
| 1983 | -1.16 | -9.6% |
| 1984 | -1.76 | +50.9% |
| 1985 | -0.9813 | -44.1% |
| 1986 | -0.4801 | -51.1% |
| 1987 | -1.28 | +166.0% |
| 1988 | 1.41 | -210.2% |
| 1989 | 0.2178 | -84.5% |
| 1990 | -1.5 | -790.8% |
| 1991 | 0.5524 | -136.7% |
| 1992 | -2.74 | -596.9% |
| 1993 | -0.9017 | -67.1% |
| 1994 | -1.44 | +60.2% |
| 1995 | -1 | -30.6% |
| 1996 | 0.6749 | -167.3% |
| 1997 | 0.6165 | -8.7% |
| 1998 | -0.6025 | -197.7% |
| 1999 | -0.6586 | +9.3% |
| 2000 | 1.16 | -276.3% |
| 2001 | 0.3909 | -66.3% |
| 2002 | -0.924 | -336.4% |
| 2003 | -1.04 | +12.9% |
| 2004 | -0.0446 | -95.7% |
| 2005 | -0.9636 | +2060.5% |
| 2006 | 0.4627 | -148.0% |
| 2007 | -0.7881 | -270.3% |
| 2008 | -0.3045 | -61.4% |
| 2009 | -0.2554 | -16.1% |
| 2010 | 0.2986 | -216.9% |
| 2011 | 0.4998 | +67.4% |
| 2012 | -0.9833 | -296.7% |
| 2013 | -0.6838 | -30.5% |
| 2014 | -0.6278 | -8.2% |
| 2015 | -1.57 | +150.3% |
| 2016 | -1.06 | -32.6% |
| 2017 | 0.1459 | -113.8% |
| 2018 | -0.8424 | -677.4% |
| 2019 | -1.31 | +55.8% |
| 2020 | -0.1527 | -88.4% |
| 2021 | -0.1109 | -27.4% |
| 2022 | 0.0063 | -105.7% |
| 2023 | -0.6872 | -11007.9% |
Botswana compared with similar countries
- Botswana's -0.6872 is below the median for upper middle income countries, which is -0.4275, 1.6× the median. (55 countries reporting)
- Botswana's -0.6872 is below the median for Sub-Saharan Africa, which is -0.1805, 3.8× the median. (48 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index in Botswana changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | -11007.9% | 0.0063 | -0.6872 |
| 2005 | -2060.5% | -0.0446 | -0.9636 |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960s | -0.0978 | -2.27 | 1.71 | 10 |
| 1970s | 0.8457 | -1.92 | 2.85 | 10 |
| 1980s | -0.4473 | -1.76 | 1.41 | 10 |
| 1990s | -0.7016 | -2.74 | 0.6749 | 10 |
| 2000s | -0.2308 | -1.04 | 1.16 | 10 |
| 2010s | -0.6137 | -1.57 | 0.4998 | 10 |
| 2020s | -0.2361 | -0.6872 | 0.0063 | 4 |
Countries ranked near Botswana
More environment data for Botswana
- Historical exposure to drought — Land soil moisture anomaly 6.04 Percentage change (2025)
- Historical exposure to drought — Cropland soil moisture anomaly 6.49 Percentage change (2025)
- Standard Deviation, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Standard Deviation 0.381 °C (2025)
- Temperature change 0.443 °C (2025)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), annual -4.05 % change on previous year (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per unit 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per capita 0 Mt CO2e per person (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), annual growth rate 0.3323 % change on previous year (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), per unit of GDP 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index in Botswana?
- Standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index in Botswana was -0.6872 in 2023, according to Global SPEI database (SPEIbase). https://spei.csic.es/database.html.
- What is the highest standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index recorded in Botswana?
- The highest recorded value was 2.85 in 1974.
- What is the lowest standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index recorded in Botswana?
- The lowest recorded value was -2.74 in 1992.
- How does Botswana rank for standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index?
- Botswana ranks 113th out of 189 countries with data for 2023.
- Is standardised precipitation-evapotranspiration index rising or falling in Botswana?
- Over the last ten years it is down 0.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Botswana data come from?
- The figures come from Global SPEI database (SPEIbase). https://spei.csic.es/database.html, published as part of Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 64 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data).
About this data
The SPEI fulfills the requirements of a drought index since its multi-scalar character enables it to be used by different scientific disciplines to detect, monitor, and analyze droughts. Like the sc-PDSI and the SPI, the SPEI can measure drought severity according to its intensity and duration, and can identify the onset and end of drought episodes. The SPEI allows comparison of drought severity through time and space, since it can be calculated over a wide range of climates, as can the SPI.