Water productivity, GDP per cubic meter of freshwater withdrawal in Estonia
Estonia: Water productivity, GDP per cubic meter of freshwater withdrawal was 23.52 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal in 2022. ▲ Rising
Latest (2022)
23.52 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal
Change on year
down 18.1%
World rank
88th
of 179 countries
All-time high
31.09 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal
in 2020
All-time low
4.04 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal
in 1992
Years of data
31
1992–2022
Water productivity, GDP per cubic meter of freshwater withdrawal in Estonia, 1992–2022
Source: Food and Agriculture Organization (AQUASTAT), World Bank, and OECD (2026) – processed by Our World in Data. Measured in constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal.
Analysis
Estonia recorded 23.52 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal for water productivity, gdp per cubic meter of freshwater withdrawal in 2022.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 18.1% on the previous year and up 76.2% over ten years.
Over the whole period, water productivity, gdp per cubic meter of freshwater withdrawal in Estonia peaked at 31.09 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal in 2020 and was at its lowest, 4.04 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal, in 1992.
That places Estonia 88th out of 179 countries with data for 2022, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 31 years of available data.
Water productivity, GDP per cubic meter of freshwater withdrawal in Estonia, year by year
| Year | constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1992 | 4.04 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | — |
| 1993 | 4.54 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +12.4% |
| 1994 | 5.53 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +21.8% |
| 1995 | 7.59 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +37.2% |
| 1996 | 7.92 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +4.3% |
| 1997 | 8.9 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +12.4% |
| 1998 | 9.23 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +3.7% |
| 1999 | 9.14 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | -1.0% |
| 2000 | 10 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +9.5% |
| 2001 | 10.53 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +5.3% |
| 2002 | 11.2 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +6.3% |
| 2003 | 11.37 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +1.6% |
| 2004 | 11.5 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +1.1% |
| 2005 | 11.96 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +4.0% |
| 2006 | 12.5 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +4.5% |
| 2007 | 12.83 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +2.6% |
| 2008 | 13.91 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +8.5% |
| 2009 | 13.82 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | -0.6% |
| 2010 | 10.6 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | -23.4% |
| 2011 | 11.21 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +5.8% |
| 2012 | 13.35 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +19.1% |
| 2013 | 12.67 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | -5.1% |
| 2014 | 13.31 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +5.0% |
| 2015 | 14.43 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +8.4% |
| 2016 | 13.72 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | -4.9% |
| 2017 | 14.22 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +3.7% |
| 2018 | 16.37 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +15.1% |
| 2019 | 27.13 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +65.8% |
| 2020 | 31.09 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | +14.6% |
| 2021 | 28.72 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | -7.6% |
| 2022 | 23.52 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | -18.1% |
Estonia compared with similar countries
- Estonia's 23.52 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal is below the median for high income countries, which is 108.49 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal, 22% of the median. (59 countries reporting)
- Estonia's 23.52 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 59.2 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal, 40% of the median. (49 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Water productivity, GDP per cubic meter of freshwater withdrawal in Estonia changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | +65.8% | 16.37 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | 27.13 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 7.11 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | 4.04 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | 9.23 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | 8 |
| 2000s | 11.96 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | 10 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | 13.91 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | 10 |
| 2010s | 14.7 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | 10.6 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | 27.13 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | 10 |
| 2020s | 27.78 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | 23.52 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | 31.09 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal | 3 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
- 85 Brazil 27.96 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal compare
- 86 Belize 24.97 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal compare
- 87 Guatemala 23.54 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal compare
- 89 Kenya 23.51 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal compare
- 90 Liberia 23.5 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal compare
- 91 Russia 22.9 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal compare
More environment data for Estonia
- Standard Deviation, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Standard Deviation 0.899 °C (2025)
- Temperature change 2.78 °C (2025)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), annual -5.71 % change on previous year (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per unit 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per capita 0 Mt CO2e per person (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), annual growth rate -0.0832 % change on previous year (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), per unit of GDP 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), per capita 0 Mt CO2e per person (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e), annual 0 % change on previous year (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is water productivity, gdp per cubic meter of freshwater withdrawal in Estonia?
- Water productivity, gdp per cubic meter of freshwater withdrawal in Estonia was 23.52 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal in 2022, according to Food and Agriculture Organization (AQUASTAT), World Bank, and OECD (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest water productivity, gdp per cubic meter of freshwater withdrawal recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 31.09 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal in 2020.
- What is the lowest water productivity, gdp per cubic meter of freshwater withdrawal recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 4.04 constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal in 1992.
- How does Estonia rank for water productivity, gdp per cubic meter of freshwater withdrawal?
- Estonia ranks 88th out of 179 countries with data for 2022.
- Is water productivity, gdp per cubic meter of freshwater withdrawal rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is up 76.2%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from Food and Agriculture Organization (AQUASTAT), World Bank, and OECD (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Water productivity, GDP per cubic meter of freshwater withdrawal. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 31 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Water productivity is calculated as total gross domestic product (GDP), measured in constant 2015 US$ divided by annual total water withdrawal.