Water withdrawals per capita by country
Water withdrawn each year for agriculture, industry, and municipal uses, divided by the population.
Countries reporting
180
Highest
3,484 cubic meters per person
Montenegro
Lowest
6.46 cubic meters per person
Democratic Republic of Congo
Median
280.93 cubic meters per person
Years covered
62
1962–2023
Data points
6,452
What the numbers show
Water withdrawals per capita is currently reported for 180 countries. The highest value is 3,484 cubic meters per person in Montenegro; the lowest is 6.46 cubic meters per person in Democratic Republic of Congo.
The median across all reporting countries is 280.93 cubic meters per person, and the mean is 425.52 cubic meters per person.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 539.
Over the past decade 44 countries rose and 136 fell. The largest increase was in North Macedonia (up 504.7%), and the largest decrease in Jamaica (down 69.2%).
Water withdrawals per capita: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Montenegro | 3,484 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 105.9% | volatile |
| 2 | Turkmenistan | 2,360 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 50.1% | falling |
| 3 | Guyana | 1,748 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 9.2% | falling |
| 4 | Chile | 1,647 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 12.5% | flat |
| 5 | North Macedonia | 1,486 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 504.7% | volatile |
| 6 | United States | 1,294 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 10.1% | falling |
| 7 | Uruguay | 1,284 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 4.6% | rising |
| 8 | Azerbaijan | 1,257 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 0.4% | falling |
| 9 | Uzbekistan | 1,248 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 29.0% | falling |
| 10 | Kazakhstan | 1,198 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 6.6% | falling |
| 11 | Kyrgyzstan | 1,083 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 18.0% | falling |
| 12 | Iraq | 1,071 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 9.7% | falling |
| 13 | Armenia | 1,044 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 3.2% | rising |
| 14 | Iran | 1,030 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 11.3% | falling |
| 15 | Puerto Rico | 1,010 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 0.5% | falling |
| 16 | Suriname | 979.35 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 9.5% | falling |
| 17 | New Zealand | 960.21 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 14.8% | rising |
| 18 | Laos | 958.9 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 10.9% | rising |
| 19 | Madagascar | 957.18 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 10.3% | falling |
| 20 | Tajikistan | 952.86 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 15.2% | falling |
| 21 | Canada | 918.21 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 12.9% | falling |
| 22 | Eswatini | 867.94 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 8.2% | falling |
| 23 | Greece | 856.07 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 5.4% | rising |
| 24 | East Timor | 846.65 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 16.3% | falling |
| 25 | Argentina | 829.63 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 6.5% | falling |
| 26 | Dominican Republic | 801.14 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 1.7% | rising |
| 27 | Peru | 800.84 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 6.3% | rising |
| 28 | Venezuela | 799.49 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 5.7% | rising |
| 29 | Thailand | 799.22 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 2.6% | falling |
| 30 | Vietnam | 799.18 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 10.2% | rising |
| 31 | Libya | 798.01 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 13.7% | rising |
| 32 | Philippines | 793.83 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 4.0% | falling |
| 33 | Indonesia | 791.76 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 4.6% | rising |
| 34 | Saudi Arabia | 781.38 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 1.6% | falling |
| 35 | Bulgaria | 773.12 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 2.7% | falling |
| 36 | Serbia | 761.09 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 33.4% | rising |
| 37 | Pakistan | 741.2 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 14.7% | falling |
| 38 | Turkey | 739.86 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 11.6% | rising |
| 39 | Iceland | 718.09 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 20.1% | rising |
| 40 | Syria | 710.35 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 8.2% | rising |
| 41 | Mexico | 692.19 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 0.3% | falling |
| 42 | Egypt | 676.64 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 11.6% | falling |
| 43 | Costa Rica | 675.12 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 29.1% | rising |
| 44 | Australia | 633.62 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 25.4% | falling |
| 45 | Cuba | 631.49 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 46 | Japan | 619.12 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 1.7% | falling |
| 47 | Myanmar | 616.83 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 7.2% | falling |
| 48 | Spain | 605.7 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 12.2% | falling |
| 49 | Portugal | 591.44 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 14.2% | falling |
| 50 | Estonia | 580.05 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 56.2% | falling |
| 51 | Italy | 568.88 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 0.9% | falling |
| 52 | Sri Lanka | 563.57 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 7.0% | falling |
| 53 | Ecuador | 551.61 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 12.1% | falling |
| 54 | Sudan | 538.24 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 24.5% | falling |
| 55 | India | 529.18 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 9.9% | falling |
| 56 | South Korea | 523.34 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 5.3% | flat |
| 57 | Cape Verde | 506.82 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 49.9% | volatile |
| 58 | Finland | 499.73 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 15.2% | falling |
| 59 | Afghanistan | 491.45 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 23.7% | falling |
| 60 | Norway | 487.27 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 10.1% | flat |
| 61 | Mauritius | 486.03 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 3.2% | rising |
| 62 | Hungary | 476.02 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 63 | Colombia | 474.71 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 17.4% | rising |
| 64 | United Arab Emirates | 462.27 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 23.7% | falling |
| 65 | Slovenia | 447.51 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 20.4% | flat |
| 66 | Russia | 445.68 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 5.7% | falling |
| 67 | Bhutan | 429.81 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 7.8% | falling |
| 68 | China | 426.13 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 5.0% | falling |
| 69 | Belgium | 420.23 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 0.6% | falling |
| 70 | Romania | 418.55 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 30.8% | falling |
| 71 | Netherlands | 407.21 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 29.9% | falling |
| 72 | Oman | 379.26 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 22.3% | falling |
| 73 | Ireland | 376.78 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 72.4% | falling |
| 74 | France | 353.59 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 16.2% | falling |
| 75 | Paraguay | 352.56 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 12.6% | volatile |
| 76 | Austria | 343.9 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 12.0% | falling |
| 77 | Georgia | 339.69 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 22.8% | falling |
| 78 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 333.63 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 0.7% | flat |
| 79 | South Africa | 330.15 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 16.5% | rising |
| 80 | North Korea | 327.72 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 4.1% | falling |
| 81 | El Salvador | 323.09 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 41.8% | rising |
| 82 | Nepal | 319.83 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 7.1% | falling |
| 83 | Lebanon | 318.7 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 5.6% | flat |
| 84 | Tunisia | 315.42 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 85 | Qatar | 313.59 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 18.6% | falling |
| 86 | Brazil | 306.9 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 9.7% | rising |
| 87 | Dominica | 300.7 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 4.8% | rising |
| 88 | Zimbabwe | 300.45 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 22.4% | rising |
| 89 | Barbados | 286.89 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 1.7% | rising |
| 90 | Albania | 284.53 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 24.8% | falling |
| 91 | Israel | 277.32 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 5.2% | falling |
| 92 | Bahrain | 276.75 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 17.6% | falling |
| 93 | Morocco | 276.59 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 10.4% | falling |
| 94 | Panama | 271.69 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 14.4% | falling |
| 95 | Germany | 271.45 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 30.3% | falling |
| 96 | Mauritania | 268.83 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 25.6% | falling |
| 97 | Croatia | 264.88 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 0.9% | rising |
| 98 | Moldova | 260.18 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 3.3% | falling |
| 99 | Kuwait | 258.33 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 19.7% | falling |
| 100 | Trinidad and Tobago | 254.97 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 6.0% | rising |
| 101 | Poland | 253.68 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 9.4% | falling |
| 102 | Belize | 245.68 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 16.9% | rising |
| 103 | Saint Lucia | 239.28 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 3.3% | falling |
| 104 | Algeria | 237.44 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 4.1% | rising |
| 105 | Zambia | 230.45 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 6.1% | rising |
| 106 | Cyprus | 220.82 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 2.4% | falling |
| 107 | Mali | 218.18 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 26.5% | falling |
| 108 | Bangladesh | 209.19 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 8.7% | falling |
| 109 | Brunei | 200.46 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 10.4% | falling |
| 110 | Sweden | 195.99 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 24.8% | falling |
| 111 | Switzerland | 195.34 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 8.1% | falling |
| 112 | Nicaragua | 186.79 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 22.5% | falling |
| 113 | Guatemala | 183.4 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 15.1% | falling |
| 114 | Bolivia | 180.08 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 9.9% | falling |
| 115 | Somalia | 179.64 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 29.9% | falling |
| 116 | Sao Tome and Principe | 177.16 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 6.2% | rising |
| 117 | Eritrea | 167.71 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 11.4% | falling |
| 118 | Senegal | 167.12 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 4.9% | flat |
| 119 | Denmark | 165.56 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 12.1% | falling |
| 120 | Jamaica | 162.98 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 69.2% | falling |
| 121 | Belarus | 157.42 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 1.6% | falling |
| 122 | Malaysia | 156.24 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 14.1% | falling |
| 123 | Honduras | 150.97 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 16.5% | falling |
| 124 | Ukraine | 150.19 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 43.7% | falling |
| 125 | Mongolia | 134.74 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 18.3% | falling |
| 126 | Monaco | 128.35 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 9.0% | falling |
| 127 | Cambodia | 125.34 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 12.9% | falling |
| 128 | Haiti | 124.6 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 12.2% | falling |
| 129 | Antigua and Barbuda | 123.24 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 5.6% | rising |
| 130 | United Kingdom | 122.59 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 4.5% | falling |
| 131 | Czechia | 122.48 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 22.0% | falling |
| 132 | Grenada | 120.43 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 0.2% | rising |
| 133 | Malta | 118.5 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 12.1% | rising |
| 134 | Seychelles | 107.07 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 20.2% | falling |
| 135 | Slovakia | 102.14 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 9.6% | falling |
| 136 | Lithuania | 99.32 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 42.0% | volatile |
| 137 | Niger | 98.75 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 32.4% | rising |
| 138 | Jordan | 96.59 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 14.3% | falling |
| 139 | Namibia | 94.89 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 23.5% | falling |
| 140 | Latvia | 94.16 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 23.5% | falling |
| 141 | Fiji | 91.87 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 0.8% | rising |
| 142 | Kenya | 91.26 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 27.5% | rising |
| 143 | Yemen | 90.5 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 25.6% | falling |
| 144 | Botswana | 88.7 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 0.6% | rising |
| 145 | Guinea-Bissau | 88.24 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 21.2% | falling |
| 146 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 83.91 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 6.7% | falling |
| 147 | Ethiopia | 81.96 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 17.8% | falling |
| 148 | Tanzania | 77.82 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 26.7% | falling |
| 149 | Palestine | 73.21 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 13.6% | falling |
| 150 | Luxembourg | 68.94 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 13.1% | falling |
| 151 | Malawi | 64.29 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 23.4% | falling |
| 152 | Singapore | 62.59 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 66.1% | falling |
| 153 | Guinea | 61.78 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 13.2% | falling |
| 154 | South Sudan | 57.3 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 2.8% | flat |
| 155 | Gabon | 55.98 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 23.0% | falling |
| 156 | Nigeria | 54.74 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 20.6% | falling |
| 157 | Chad | 45.53 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 29.1% | falling |
| 158 | Mozambique | 43.79 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 21.4% | rising |
| 159 | Ghana | 43.35 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 11.3% | rising |
| 160 | Rwanda | 43.07 cubic meters per person | 2023 | up 6.0% | rising |
| 161 | Cameroon | 38.36 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 24.6% | rising |
| 162 | Papua New Guinea | 37.74 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 20.1% | falling |
| 163 | Gambia | 37.66 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 22.0% | flat |
| 164 | Cote d'Ivoire | 37.28 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 25.9% | falling |
| 165 | Burkina Faso | 35.53 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 23.1% | rising |
| 166 | Liberia | 26.56 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 18.6% | falling |
| 167 | Sierra Leone | 25.08 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 20.6% | falling |
| 168 | Togo | 23.97 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 21.7% | falling |
| 169 | Burundi | 20.33 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 23.4% | falling |
| 170 | Angola | 19.21 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 28.8% | falling |
| 171 | Lesotho | 18.95 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 11.0% | falling |
| 172 | Benin | 16.58 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 24.3% | falling |
| 173 | Djibouti | 16.48 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 14.6% | falling |
| 174 | Congo | 14.83 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 21.4% | flat |
| 175 | Central African Republic | 14.07 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 9.9% | rising |
| 176 | Uganda | 13.09 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 27.4% | falling |
| 177 | Comoros | 11.76 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 18.1% | falling |
| 178 | Maldives | 11.22 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 23.9% | falling |
| 179 | Equatorial Guinea | 10.72 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 27.1% | falling |
| 180 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 6.46 cubic meters per person | 2023 | down 28.4% | falling |
About this data
Water withdrawn each year for agriculture, industry, and municipal uses, divided by the population.