North Macedonia vs Punjab: Historical exposure to drought — Land soil moisture anomaly
Historical exposure to drought — Land soil moisture anomaly over time
- North Macedonia
- Punjab
How they compare
Punjab currently reports 12.09 Percentage change against 2.21 Percentage change in North Macedonia, a difference of 9.88 Percentage change.
That makes Punjab's figure about 5.5 times North Macedonia's.
The two have swapped places 48 times across 76 shared years of data; in 1950 it was Punjab ahead.
North Macedonia ranks 31st and Punjab ranks 29th of 191 countries.
Across the 8 decades both report, North Macedonia averaged higher in 4 and Punjab in 4.
Head to head by decade
| Decade | North Macedonia | Punjab | Difference | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950s | -1.09 Percentage change | 0.971 Percentage change | 2.06 Percentage change | Punjab |
| 1960s | 0.8524 Percentage change | -4.9 Percentage change | 5.75 Percentage change | North Macedonia |
| 1970s | 6.2 Percentage change | 0.4287 Percentage change | 5.77 Percentage change | North Macedonia |
| 1980s | 1.29 Percentage change | 0.802 Percentage change | 0.4901 Percentage change | North Macedonia |
| 1990s | -1.01 Percentage change | 4.76 Percentage change | 5.77 Percentage change | Punjab |
| 2000s | -0.5195 Percentage change | -4.7 Percentage change | 4.18 Percentage change | North Macedonia |
| 2010s | -1.96 Percentage change | -0.2349 Percentage change | 1.72 Percentage change | Punjab |
| 2020s | -0.357 Percentage change | 7.08 Percentage change | 7.43 Percentage change | Punjab |
Averages of every year both report within each decade.
Frequently asked questions
- Which has higher historical exposure to drought — land soil moisture anomaly, North Macedonia or Punjab?
- Punjab, at 12.09 Percentage change against 2.21 Percentage change in North Macedonia as of 2025.
- What is the difference in historical exposure to drought — land soil moisture anomaly between North Macedonia and Punjab?
- 9.88 Percentage change, with Punjab ahead.
- How many years of comparable data are there for North Macedonia and Punjab?
- 76 years are reported by both, from 1950 to 2025.
- How do North Macedonia and Punjab rank globally for historical exposure to drought — land soil moisture anomaly?
- North Macedonia ranks 31st and Punjab ranks 29th of 191 countries.
- Where does this data come from?
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as Historical exposure to drought — Land soil moisture anomaly. Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.
Individual pages
About this data
The dataset provides annual anomalies in land and cropland soil moisture content of the top soil layer (0 to 7 cm) compared to the reference period 1981-2010. Exposure indicators to drought have been prepared by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Please see the working paper for a more complete description of the methods. The datasets span the period 1981-2024 and is the result of the use of a variety of geospatial data sources, including the ERA5-Land averaged monthly data of volumetric soil moisture and ESA CCI land cover data. Average anomalies have been calculated for both land and cropland exposure to drought. The dataset has a global coverage on a national level; on the sub-national TL2 level (i.e. large subnational regions) results are reported for all OECD countries as well as for Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia and South Africa. A number of aggregates are included: Euro area, European Union, Advanced economies, Emerging market economies, G7, G20, OECD, OECD Europe, OECD Asia Oceania, OECD Americas and the LAC region. Data source(s): Copernicus Climate Change Initiative land cover data and Copernicus Climate Data Store monthly soil moisture data based on the ERA5-Land reanalysis dataset. Contact: ENV.Stat@oecd.org