Historical exposure to drought β Land soil moisture anomaly in Punjab
Punjab: Historical exposure to drought β Land soil moisture anomaly was 12.09 Percentage change in 2025. β Volatile
Historical exposure to drought β Land soil moisture anomaly in Punjab, 1950β2025
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Percentage change.
Analysis
Punjab recorded 12.09 Percentage change for historical exposure to drought β land soil moisture anomaly in 2025.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 411.3% on the previous year and up 25.6% over ten years.
Over the whole period, historical exposure to drought β land soil moisture anomaly in Punjab peaked at 21.86 Percentage change in 1961 and was at its lowest, -22.47 Percentage change, in 1960.
Punjab ranks 29th of 3127 countries on this measure, in the top 10%.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950s | 0.971 Percentage change | -14.01 Percentage change | 14.19 Percentage change | 10 |
| 1960s | -4.9 Percentage change | -22.47 Percentage change | 21.86 Percentage change | 10 |
| 1970s | 0.4287 Percentage change | -20.15 Percentage change | 7.95 Percentage change | 10 |
| 1980s | 0.802 Percentage change | -15.36 Percentage change | 15.52 Percentage change | 10 |
| 1990s | 4.76 Percentage change | -15 Percentage change | 19.98 Percentage change | 10 |
| 2000s | -4.7 Percentage change | -15.5 Percentage change | 12.89 Percentage change | 10 |
| 2010s | -0.2349 Percentage change | -14.08 Percentage change | 10.61 Percentage change | 10 |
| 2020s | 7.08 Percentage change | -3.88 Percentage change | 17.63 Percentage change | 6 |
Countries ranked near Punjab
- 26 Costa Rica 2.9 Percentage change compare
- 27 Isle of Man 2.85 Percentage change compare
- 28 Nepal 2.73 Percentage change compare
- 29 Ireland 2.51 Percentage change compare
- 30 Vanuatu 2.29 Percentage change compare
- 31 Northern Ireland 2.21 Percentage change compare
- 32 North Macedonia 2.21 Percentage change compare
More environment data for Punjab
- Historical exposure to drought β Cropland soil moisture anomaly 12.18 Percentage change (2025)
- Exposure to drought β Cropland soil moisture anomaly -8.6 Percentage change (2024)
- Exposure to drought β Land soil moisture anomaly -7.74 Percentage change (2024)
- River flooding exposure β Cropland share exposed to river flooding 15.66 Percentage of agricultural land area (2022)
- Land cover and land cover change β Grassland 39.7 Square kilometres (2022)
- Land cover and land cover change β Loss of cropland 1,744 Square kilometres (2022)
- Land cover and land cover change β Gain of artificial surfaces 1,692 Square kilometres (2022)
Frequently asked questions
- What is historical exposure to drought β land soil moisture anomaly in Punjab?
- Historical exposure to drought β land soil moisture anomaly in Punjab was 12.09 Percentage change in 2025, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest historical exposure to drought β land soil moisture anomaly recorded in Punjab?
- The highest recorded value was 21.86 Percentage change in 1961.
- What is the lowest historical exposure to drought β land soil moisture anomaly recorded in Punjab?
- The lowest recorded value was -22.47 Percentage change in 1960.
- How does Punjab rank for historical exposure to drought β land soil moisture anomaly?
- Punjab ranks 29th out of 3127 countries with data for 2025.
- Is historical exposure to drought β land soil moisture anomaly rising or falling in Punjab?
- Over the last ten years it is up 25.6%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Punjab data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of Historical exposure to drought β Land soil moisture anomaly. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The dataset provides annual anomalies in land and cropland soil moisture content of the top soil layer (0 to 7 cm) compared to the reference period 1981-2010. Exposure indicators to drought have been prepared by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Please see the working paper for a more complete description of the methods. The datasets span the period 1981-2024 and is the result of the use of a variety of geospatial data sources, including the ERA5-Land averaged monthly data of volumetric soil moisture and ESA CCI land cover data. Average anomalies have been calculated for both land and cropland exposure to drought. The dataset has a global coverage on a national level; on the sub-national TL2 level (i.e. large subnational regions) results are reported for all OECD countries as well as for Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia and South Africa. A number of aggregates are included: Euro area, European Union, Advanced economies, Emerging market economies, G7, G20, OECD, OECD Europe, OECD Asia Oceania, OECD Americas and the LAC region. Data source(s): Copernicus Climate Change Initiative land cover data and Copernicus Climate Data Store monthly soil moisture data based on the ERA5-Land reanalysis dataset. Contact: ENV.Stat@oecd.org