Exposure to drought — Cropland soil moisture anomaly in Punjab
Punjab: Exposure to drought — Cropland soil moisture anomaly was -8.6 Percentage change in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Exposure to drought — Cropland soil moisture anomaly in Punjab, 1981–2024
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Percentage change.
Analysis
Punjab recorded -8.6 Percentage change for exposure to drought — cropland soil moisture anomaly in 2024.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 1,018.5% on the previous year and down 253.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, exposure to drought — cropland soil moisture anomaly in Punjab peaked at 16.9 Percentage change in 1997 and was at its lowest, -14.38 Percentage change, in 2002.
That places Punjab 405th out of 711 countries with data for 2024, putting it in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980s | 0.8513 Percentage change | -11.94 Percentage change | 13.15 Percentage change | 9 |
| 1990s | 4.06 Percentage change | -9.13 Percentage change | 16.9 Percentage change | 10 |
| 2000s | -4.75 Percentage change | -14.38 Percentage change | 3.98 Percentage change | 10 |
| 2010s | 1.86 Percentage change | -10.88 Percentage change | 14.1 Percentage change | 10 |
| 2020s | 1.34 Percentage change | -8.6 Percentage change | 8.27 Percentage change | 5 |
More environment data for Punjab
- Historical exposure to drought — Cropland soil moisture anomaly 12.18 Percentage change (2025)
- Historical exposure to drought — Land soil moisture anomaly 12.09 Percentage change (2025)
- Exposure to drought — Land soil moisture anomaly -7.74 Percentage change (2024)
- River flooding exposure — Cropland share exposed to river flooding 15.66 Percentage of agricultural land area (2022)
- Land cover and land cover change — Grassland 39.7 Square kilometres (2022)
- Land cover and land cover change — Loss of cropland 1,744 Square kilometres (2022)
- Land cover and land cover change — Gain of artificial surfaces 1,692 Square kilometres (2022)
Frequently asked questions
- What is exposure to drought — cropland soil moisture anomaly in Punjab?
- Exposure to drought — cropland soil moisture anomaly in Punjab was -8.6 Percentage change in 2024, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest exposure to drought — cropland soil moisture anomaly recorded in Punjab?
- The highest recorded value was 16.9 Percentage change in 1997.
- What is the lowest exposure to drought — cropland soil moisture anomaly recorded in Punjab?
- The lowest recorded value was -14.38 Percentage change in 2002.
- How does Punjab rank for exposure to drought — cropland soil moisture anomaly?
- Punjab ranks 405th out of 711 countries with data for 2024.
- Is exposure to drought — cropland soil moisture anomaly rising or falling in Punjab?
- Over the last ten years it is down 253.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Punjab data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of Exposure to drought — Cropland soil moisture anomaly. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The dataset provides annual anomalies in land and cropland soil moisture content of the top soil layer compared to the reference period 1981-2010. Exposure indicators to drought have been prepared by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Please see the working paper for a more complete description of the methods. The datasets span the period 1981-2022 and is the result of the use of a variety of geospatial data sources, including the ERA5-Land averaged monthly data of volumetric soil moisture and ESA CCI land cover data. Average anomalies have been calculated for both land and cropland exposure to drought. The dataset has a global coverage on a national level; on the sub-national TL2 level (i.e. large subnational regions) results are reported for all OECD countries as well as for Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia and South Africa. A number of aggregates are included: Euro area, European Union, Advanced economies, Emerging market economies, G7, G20, OECD, OECD Europe, OECD Asia Oceania, OECD Americas and the LAC region. Data source(s): Copernicus Climate Change Initiative land cover data and Copernicus Climate Data Store monthly soil moisture data (ERA5). Contact: ENV.Stat@oecd.org Database documentation