15.4.2a Mountain green cover area: Montane; Land Cover: Artificial surfaces β Value by country
As the custodian agency of 22 SDG indicators, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is responsible for curating and refining the methodologies of these indicators, collecting data from national sources, ensuring their quality and compatibility with applicable standards and...
What the numbers show
15.4.2a Mountain green cover area: Montane; Land Cover: Artificial surfaces β Value is currently reported for 110 countries. The highest value is 63,320 km2 in China, mainland; the lowest is 0 km2 in Falkland Islands (Malvinas).
The median across all reporting countries is 107.1 km2, and the mean is 1,565 km2.
15.4.2a Mountain green cover area: Montane; Land Cover: Artificial: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China, mainland | 63,320 km2 | 2021 | up 89.4% | rising |
| 2 | Japan | 16,433 km2 | 2021 | up 5.2% | rising |
| 3 | Russian Federation | 11,700 km2 | 2021 | up 25.4% | rising |
| 4 | Mexico | 5,706 km2 | 2021 | up 22.8% | rising |
| 5 | Australia and New Zealand | 5,603 km2 | 2021 | up 19.1% | rising |
| 6 | Peru | 4,211 km2 | 2021 | up 65.4% | rising |
| 7 | Chile | 3,480 km2 | 2021 | up 40.8% | rising |
| 8 | Georgia | 3,130 km2 | 2021 | up 11.3% | rising |
| 9 | France | 3,101 km2 | 2021 | up 5.1% | rising |
| 10 | New Zealand | 2,905 km2 | 2021 | up 22.3% | rising |
| 11 | Australia | 2,698 km2 | 2021 | up 15.8% | rising |
| 12 | Italy | 2,528 km2 | 2021 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 13 | Austria | 2,518 km2 | 2021 | up 4.8% | rising |
| 14 | Romania | 2,433 km2 | 2021 | up 2.8% | falling |
| 15 | Algeria | 2,431 km2 | 2021 | up 39.9% | rising |
| 16 | Colombia | 2,422 km2 | 2021 | up 34.2% | rising |
| 17 | Switzerland | 2,002 km2 | 2021 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 18 | Azerbaijan, Republic of | 1,987 km2 | 2021 | up 19.8% | rising |
| 19 | Ecuador | 1,824 km2 | 2021 | up 34.2% | rising |
| 20 | Spain | 1,713 km2 | 2021 | up 5.3% | rising |
| 21 | India | 1,702 km2 | 2021 | up 25.2% | rising |
| 22 | Kyrgyz Republic | 1,623 km2 | 2021 | up 26.1% | rising |
| 23 | Ukraine | 1,604 km2 | 2021 | up 10.5% | rising |
| 24 | Ethiopia, The Federal Democratic Republic of | 1,588 km2 | 2021 | up 124.0% | rising |
| 25 | Republic of Korea | 1,562 km2 | 2021 | up 21.1% | rising |
| 26 | Kazakhstan | 1,462 km2 | 2021 | up 18.6% | rising |
| 27 | Bulgaria | 1,381 km2 | 2021 | up 0.5% | flat |
| 28 | Tajikistan, Republic of | 1,298 km2 | 2021 | up 41.3% | rising |
| 29 | Afghanistan, Islamic Republic of | 1,162 km2 | 2021 | up 58.2% | rising |
| 30 | Nepal | 1,133 km2 | 2021 | up 71.1% | rising |
| 31 | Uzbekistan, Republic of | 1,091 km2 | 2021 | up 45.4% | rising |
| 32 | Armenia, Republic of | 1,089 km2 | 2021 | up 10.6% | rising |
| 33 | Pakistan | 1,060 km2 | 2021 | up 39.5% | rising |
| 34 | South Africa | 1,042 km2 | 2021 | up 28.1% | rising |
| 35 | Mongolia | 1,020 km2 | 2021 | up 71.2% | rising |
| 36 | Guatemala | 988.7 km2 | 2021 | up 27.8% | rising |
| 37 | Slovak Republic | 967.6 km2 | 2021 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 38 | Czechia | 903.6 km2 | 2021 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 39 | Poland | 892.5 km2 | 2021 | up 4.4% | rising |
| 40 | Morocco | 664.7 km2 | 2021 | up 46.2% | rising |
| 41 | Serbia | 653.4 km2 | 2021 | up 9.9% | rising |
| 42 | Greece | 645.8 km2 | 2021 | up 13.9% | rising |
| 43 | Kenya | 471.9 km2 | 2021 | up 36.7% | rising |
| 44 | Bhutan | 403.2 km2 | 2021 | up 42.7% | rising |
| 45 | Portugal | 400.8 km2 | 2021 | up 4.6% | rising |
| 46 | Lesotho, Kingdom of | 344.1 km2 | 2021 | up 31.7% | rising |
| 47 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 343.9 km2 | 2021 | up 4.5% | rising |
| 48 | Lebanon | 282.1 km2 | 2021 | up 45.3% | rising |
| 49 | North Macedonia | 272.3 km2 | 2021 | up 8.2% | rising |
| 50 | Slovenia | 269.6 km2 | 2021 | up 9.2% | rising |
| 51 | Croatia | 202.9 km2 | 2021 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 52 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 166.4 km2 | 2021 | up 78.3% | rising |
| 53 | Myanmar | 147.1 km2 | 2021 | up 80.0% | rising |
| 54 | Albania | 128 km2 | 2021 | up 0.8% | flat |
| 55 | Sweden | 119.3 km2 | 2021 | up 11.2% | rising |
| 56 | Montenegro | 94.9 km2 | 2021 | up 14.8% | rising |
| 57 | Hungary | 84.5 km2 | 2021 | up 1.4% | flat |
| 58 | Yemen, Republic of | 75.3 km2 | 2021 | up 90.2% | rising |
| 59 | Indonesia | 73.3 km2 | 2021 | up 70.5% | rising |
| 60 | Papua New Guinea | 73 km2 | 2021 | up 31.8% | rising |
| 61 | Rwanda | 72.2 km2 | 2021 | up 22.2% | rising |
| 62 | Tunisia | 51.3 km2 | 2021 | up 32.2% | rising |
| 63 | Jordan | 51 km2 | 2021 | up 45.7% | rising |
| 64 | Andorra, Principality of | 47.2 km2 | 2021 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 65 | Belgium | 44.2 km2 | 2021 | up 0.5% | flat |
| 66 | Iraq | 40.6 km2 | 2021 | up 219.7% | volatile |
| 67 | Turkmenistan | 35.6 km2 | 2021 | up 49.0% | rising |
| 68 | Costa Rica | 24.2 km2 | 2021 | up 31.5% | rising |
| 69 | Zimbabwe | 21.7 km2 | 2021 | up 19.9% | rising |
| 70 | Liechtenstein, Principality of | 21.3 km2 | 2021 | up 2.9% | rising |
| 71 | Cyprus | 13 km2 | 2021 | up 11.1% | rising |
| 72 | Namibia | 12.5 km2 | 2021 | up 9.6% | rising |
| 73 | Libya | 11.2 km2 | 2021 | up 51.4% | rising |
| 74 | Madagascar, Republic of | 8.5 km2 | 2021 | up 60.4% | rising |
| 75 | Cameroon | 8.4 km2 | 2021 | up 12.0% | rising |
| 76 | Dominican Republic | 7.9 km2 | 2021 | up 12.9% | rising |
| 77 | Philippines | 6.3 km2 | 2021 | up 65.8% | rising |
| 78 | Honduras | 6 km2 | 2021 | up 62.2% | rising |
| 79 | Finland | 5.3 km2 | 2021 | up 5,200.0% | volatile |
| 80 | Brazil | 5 km2 | 2021 | unchanged | flat |
| 80 | Uganda | 5 km2 | 2021 | up 38.9% | rising |
| 82 | Panama | 4.3 km2 | 2021 | up 26.5% | rising |
| 82 | San Marino, Republic of | 4.3 km2 | 2021 | unchanged | rising |
| 84 | Haiti | 4.2 km2 | 2021 | up 121.1% | rising |
| 85 | Saudi Arabia | 3.4 km2 | 2021 | up 17.2% | rising |
| 86 | Burundi | 3 km2 | 2021 | up 20.0% | rising |
| 87 | Oman | 2.6 km2 | 2021 | up 73.3% | rising |
| 88 | Uruguay | 2.5 km2 | 2021 | up 19.0% | rising |
| 89 | Ireland | 2.1 km2 | 2021 | up 16.7% | rising |
| 90 | Egypt, Arab Republic of | 2 km2 | 2021 | up 5.3% | rising |
| 91 | Malaysia | 1.5 km2 | 2021 | β | volatile |
| 92 | El Salvador | 1.2 km2 | 2021 | up 20.0% | rising |
| 93 | Mozambique, Republic of | 1.1 km2 | 2021 | up 266.7% | volatile |
| 94 | Luxembourg | 1 km2 | 2021 | unchanged | rising |
| 95 | Iceland | 0.5 km2 | 2021 | unchanged | rising |
| 96 | Equatorial Guinea, Republic of | 0.4 km2 | 2021 | up 33.3% | volatile |
| 96 | Chad | 0.4 km2 | 2021 | up 100.0% | rising |
| 98 | Eswatini, Kingdom of | 0.2 km2 | 2021 | unchanged | rising |
| 99 | Malawi | 0.1 km2 | 2021 | unchanged | flat |
| 99 | Somalia | 0.1 km2 | 2021 | unchanged | flat |
| 101 | Comoros, Union of the | 0 km2 | 2021 | β | flat |
| 101 | Eritrea | 0 km2 | 2021 | β | flat |
| 101 | Faroe Islands | 0 km2 | 2021 | β | flat |
| 101 | Guyana | 0 km2 | 2021 | β | flat |
| 101 | Isle of Man | 0 km2 | 2021 | β | flat |
| 101 | Sudan | 0 km2 | 2021 | β | flat |
| 101 | South Sudan | 0 km2 | 2021 | β | flat |
| 101 | Ascension, Saint Helena and Tristan da Cunha | 0 km2 | 2021 | β | flat |
| 101 | RΓ©union | 0 km2 | 2021 | β | flat |
| 101 | Falkland Islands (Malvinas) | 0 km2 | 2021 | β | flat |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- World 268,728 km2
- Eastern Asia 83,459 km2
- Northern America and Europe 120,083 km2
- Europe 37,572 km2
- Eastern Asia and South-eastern Asia 83,705 km2
- Latin America and the Caribbean 22,681 km2
- Northern America 82,511 km2
- Southern Asia 12,270 km2
- United States of America 66,418 km2
- Western Asia 11,938 km2
- Central Asia and Southern Asia 17,779 km2
- Land Locked Developing Countries (LLDCs) 16,373 km2
About this data
As the custodian agency of 22 SDG indicators, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is responsible for curating and refining the methodologies of these indicators, collecting data from national sources, ensuring their quality and compatibility with applicable standards and classifications, and disseminating data at global level. This FAOSTAT domain complements the global SDG database administered by the United Nations Statistical Division (UNSD), as well as FAOβs SDG indicators portal, by providing access to the available data for all SDG Indicators under FAO custodianship. While this metadata page provides summary information on all SDG indicators data disseminated through FAOSTAT, indicator-specific metadata can be accessed from the link on the right hand navigation column. This additional metadata file provides details on the methodology used to compile each indicators, their data sources and the contact information of the relevant FAO focal point. It includes the links to the official SDG Indicator metadata documents accessible from the UNSD global SDG database.SDG Indicators under FAO custodianship, consisting of 22 indicators and 66 series that fall under six goals: β’ Goal 2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture.β’ Goal 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.β’ Goal 6: Clean water and sanitation: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.β’ Goal 12: Responsible consumption and production.β’ Goal 14: Life below water: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources.β’ Goal 15: Life on land: Sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, halt and reverse land degradation, halt biodiversity loss.