Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Nighttime yearly land surface temperature by country
This dataset provides sub-national indicators on land surface temperature in FUAs and Cities. Data sources and methodology Land surface temperature refers to the average temperature of the land surface within a local area, excluding water bodies. Data are available for both daytime and nighttime, as well as...
What the numbers show
Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Nighttime yearly land surface temperature is currently reported for 2 countries. The highest value is 14.31 Degrees celsius in Armenia; the lowest is 7.07 Degrees celsius in Luxembourg.
The median across all reporting countries is 10.69 Degrees celsius, and the mean is 10.69 Degrees celsius.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 2.
Over the past decade 1 countries rose and 1 fell. The largest increase was in Armenia (up 4.2%), and the largest decrease in Luxembourg (down 7.8%).
Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Nighttime yearly land: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Armenia | 14.31 Degrees celsius | 2024 | up 4.2% | flat |
| 2 | Luxembourg | 7.07 Degrees celsius | 2024 | down 7.8% | flat |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Barranquilla 24.83 Degrees celsius
- Toledo 11.71 Degrees celsius
- Girardot 23.86 Degrees celsius
- Porto 11.41 Degrees celsius
- Sabanalarga 23.46 Degrees celsius
- Braga 10.77 Degrees celsius
- Cayenne 23.45 Degrees celsius
- Coimbra 10.56 Degrees celsius
- Espinal 23.2 Degrees celsius
- Treviso 9.24 Degrees celsius
- Maicao 23.15 Degrees celsius
- Nantes 9.24 Degrees celsius
- Sincelejo 23.02 Degrees celsius
- Sacramento 8.78 Degrees celsius
- Barrancabermeja 23.01 Degrees celsius
- Santiago 7.7 Degrees celsius
- Aguachica 22.88 Degrees celsius
- Magangue 22.77 Degrees celsius
- Greater Darwin 22.46 Degrees celsius
- Monteria 22.43 Degrees celsius
- Caucasia 22.4 Degrees celsius
- El Carmen de Bolivar 22.21 Degrees celsius
- Arauca 21.88 Degrees celsius
- La Dorada 21.84 Degrees celsius
- Fort-de-France 21.79 Degrees celsius
- Poza Rica de Hidalgo 21.52 Degrees celsius
- Yopal 21.44 Degrees celsius
- Riohacha 21.38 Degrees celsius
- Apartado 21.38 Degrees celsius
- Carmen 21.3 Degrees celsius
- Mamoudzou 21.19 Degrees celsius
- Apatzingan 21.13 Degrees celsius
- Acapulco de Juarez 21.13 Degrees celsius
- Naha 21.12 Degrees celsius
- Coatzacoalcos 21.11 Degrees celsius
- Villahermosa 21.01 Degrees celsius
- Merida 20.87 Degrees celsius
- Veracruz 20.83 Degrees celsius
- Othon P. Blanco 20.54 Degrees celsius
- Solidaridad 20.54 Degrees celsius
About this data
This dataset provides sub-national indicators on land surface temperature in FUAs and Cities. Data sources and methodology Land surface temperature refers to the average temperature of the land surface within a local area, excluding water bodies. Data are available for both daytime and nighttime, as well as annually and by season (summer and winter). These temperatures are derived from MODIS Aqua and Terra satellite observations, which offer high-frequency measurements at a spatial resolution of 1 km. These estimates may differ from official subnational climate statistics due to differences in methodological approaches, such as the use of reanalysis based top down modelling versus in situ observations, along with variations in input data sources, spatial resolution, and the models and algorithms used to generate temperature estimates. Defining FUAs and cities The OECD, in cooperation with the EU, has developed a harmonised definition of functional urban areas (FUAs) to capture the economic and functional reach of cities based on daily commuting patterns (OECD, 2012). FUAs consist of: A city – defined by urban centres in the degree of urbanisation, adapted to the closest local administrative units to define a city. A commuting zone – including all local areas where at least 15% of employed residents work in the city. The delineation process includes: Assigning municipalities surrounded by a single FUA to that FUA. Excluding non-contiguous municipalities. The definition identifies 1 285 FUAs and 1 402 cities in all OECD member countries except Costa Rica and three accession countries. Cite this dataset OECD Regions, cities and local areas database (Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs), http://oe.cd/geostats Further information OECD Local Data Portal OECD Regions and Cities at a Glance For questions and/or comments, please email CitiesStat@oecd.org