15.4.2a Mountain Green Cover Index: Remaining moutain area; Land Cover: Shrub-covered areas — Value by country
As the custodian agency of 22 SDG indicators, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is responsible for curating and refining the methodologies of these indicators, collecting data from national sources, ensuring their quality and compatibility with applicable standards and...
What the numbers show
15.4.2a Mountain Green Cover Index: Remaining moutain area; Land Cover: Shrub-covered areas — Value is currently reported for 135 countries. The highest value is 37.03 % in Bosnia and Herzegovina; the lowest is 0 % in Brunei Darussalam.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.99 %, and the mean is 3.57 %.
Over the past decade 71 countries rose and 58 fell. The largest increase was in Liberia (up 466.7%), and the largest decrease in Iran (Islamic Republic of) (down 100.0%).
15.4.2a Mountain Green Cover Index: Remaining moutain area; Land: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 37.03 % | 2021 | up 1.7% | falling |
| 1 | United Republic of Tanzania | 5.29 % | 2021 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 2 | Greece | 34.78 % | 2021 | down 1.0% | flat |
| 2 | Côte d'Ivoire | 7.89 % | 2021 | up 45.8% | rising |
| 2 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 4.66 % | 2021 | up 23.9% | rising |
| 3 | France | 34.27 % | 2021 | up 1.8% | rising |
| 4 | Albania | 25.59 % | 2021 | up 2.2% | flat |
| 4 | Viet Nam | 2.72 % | 2021 | up 24.2% | rising |
| 5 | Brazil | 23.59 % | 2021 | down 2.7% | falling |
| 5 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 2.63 % | 2021 | up 87.9% | rising |
| 6 | Cyprus | 22.88 % | 2021 | down 1.3% | flat |
| 6 | Democratic People's Republic of Korea | 1.22 % | 2021 | down 38.1% | falling |
| 7 | South Africa | 22.39 % | 2021 | down 7.4% | falling |
| 7 | Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | 1.1 % | 2021 | up 25.0% | rising |
| 8 | Croatia | 17.55 % | 2021 | down 2.1% | falling |
| 8 | Timor-Leste | 1.06 % | 2021 | up 9.3% | rising |
| 9 | Spain | 16.76 % | 2021 | down 1.4% | falling |
| 9 | Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | 1.02 % | 2021 | up 5.2% | rising |
| 10 | Portugal | 13.98 % | 2021 | up 10.2% | rising |
| 11 | Italy | 13.03 % | 2021 | down 3.8% | flat |
| 11 | Syrian Arab Republic | 0.34 % | 2021 | up 25.9% | rising |
| 12 | Guinea | 9.83 % | 2021 | up 42.9% | rising |
| 12 | Iran (Islamic Republic of) | 0 % | 2021 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 13 | Mozambique | 7.42 % | 2021 | up 18.5% | rising |
| 14 | Burundi | 7.19 % | 2021 | down 9.9% | falling |
| 15 | Ascension, Saint Helena and Tristan da Cunha | 6.97 % | 2021 | down 3.2% | flat |
| 16 | Togo | 6.83 % | 2021 | up 16.8% | rising |
| 17 | Malawi | 6.74 % | 2021 | up 9.2% | rising |
| 18 | Uganda | 6.63 % | 2021 | down 12.9% | falling |
| 19 | Comoros | 6.62 % | 2021 | up 12.2% | rising |
| 20 | Sierra Leone | 5.96 % | 2021 | up 75.8% | rising |
| 21 | South Sudan | 5.88 % | 2021 | up 4.8% | rising |
| 22 | Zambia | 5.8 % | 2021 | up 5.3% | rising |
| 23 | Burkina Faso | 5.56 % | 2021 | down 6.7% | flat |
| 24 | Montenegro | 5.39 % | 2021 | down 0.2% | flat |
| 25 | Ghana | 5.01 % | 2021 | up 20.4% | rising |
| 26 | Benin | 4.17 % | 2021 | down 1.0% | flat |
| 27 | Bangladesh | 4.09 % | 2021 | up 41.5% | rising |
| 27 | Zimbabwe | 4.09 % | 2021 | down 4.7% | flat |
| 29 | Rwanda | 3.93 % | 2021 | down 20.3% | falling |
| 30 | Central African Republic | 3.84 % | 2021 | up 28.0% | rising |
| 31 | Eswatini | 3.68 % | 2021 | down 20.2% | falling |
| 32 | Congo | 3.63 % | 2021 | up 17.1% | rising |
| 33 | Paraguay | 3.62 % | 2021 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 34 | Cameroon | 3.44 % | 2021 | up 6.8% | flat |
| 35 | Nigeria | 3.21 % | 2021 | down 0.9% | flat |
| 36 | Ethiopia | 3.15 % | 2021 | down 3.1% | flat |
| 37 | Senegal | 3.09 % | 2021 | up 1.6% | flat |
| 38 | Angola | 2.67 % | 2021 | down 12.5% | flat |
| 39 | Nicaragua | 2.6 % | 2021 | up 18.7% | rising |
| 40 | Honduras | 2.51 % | 2021 | up 85.9% | rising |
| 41 | Colombia | 2.5 % | 2021 | up 13.1% | rising |
| 42 | Madagascar | 2.38 % | 2021 | up 12.8% | rising |
| 43 | Mali | 2.25 % | 2021 | up 2.7% | flat |
| 44 | Ecuador | 2.03 % | 2021 | up 9.1% | rising |
| 45 | New Caledonia | 1.91 % | 2021 | up 3.8% | rising |
| 46 | Dominican Republic | 1.83 % | 2021 | up 15.1% | rising |
| 47 | Costa Rica | 1.78 % | 2021 | up 21.9% | rising |
| 48 | Kenya | 1.66 % | 2021 | down 9.3% | falling |
| 48 | Panama | 1.66 % | 2021 | up 21.2% | rising |
| 50 | Myanmar | 1.56 % | 2021 | up 10.6% | rising |
| 51 | Haiti | 1.43 % | 2021 | down 7.7% | flat |
| 52 | Guatemala | 1.41 % | 2021 | up 23.7% | rising |
| 53 | Thailand | 1.4 % | 2021 | down 18.1% | flat |
| 54 | Liberia | 1.36 % | 2021 | up 466.7% | volatile |
| 55 | Philippines | 1.31 % | 2021 | up 36.5% | rising |
| 56 | El Salvador | 1.1 % | 2021 | up 25.0% | rising |
| 57 | Mayotte | 1.09 % | 2021 | up 7.9% | falling |
| 58 | New Zealand | 1.06 % | 2021 | up 35.9% | rising |
| 59 | Mexico | 0.99 % | 2021 | down 2.0% | rising |
| 60 | Barbados | 0.87 % | 2021 | down 16.3% | falling |
| 61 | Cambodia | 0.77 % | 2021 | up 148.4% | volatile |
| 62 | China, mainland | 0.72 % | 2021 | down 18.2% | falling |
| 63 | Peru | 0.68 % | 2021 | up 30.8% | rising |
| 63 | Puerto Rico | 0.68 % | 2021 | up 47.8% | rising |
| 65 | Indonesia | 0.65 % | 2021 | up 38.3% | rising |
| 65 | Malaysia | 0.65 % | 2021 | unchanged | rising |
| 67 | India | 0.63 % | 2021 | up 16.7% | rising |
| 68 | Belize | 0.61 % | 2021 | up 221.1% | volatile |
| 69 | Cuba | 0.55 % | 2021 | up 34.1% | rising |
| 69 | Jamaica | 0.55 % | 2021 | up 27.9% | rising |
| 71 | Republic of Korea | 0.53 % | 2021 | up 10.4% | flat |
| 72 | Guyana | 0.51 % | 2021 | up 15.9% | rising |
| 73 | Montserrat | 0.49 % | 2021 | down 24.6% | falling |
| 74 | Martinique | 0.48 % | 2021 | up 100.0% | rising |
| 75 | Botswana | 0.47 % | 2021 | down 7.8% | flat |
| 76 | Sri Lanka | 0.46 % | 2021 | up 21.1% | rising |
| 76 | Uruguay | 0.46 % | 2021 | down 36.1% | falling |
| 78 | Papua New Guinea | 0.45 % | 2021 | up 15.4% | rising |
| 78 | Vanuatu | 0.45 % | 2021 | up 7.1% | rising |
| 80 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.4 % | 2021 | up 37.9% | rising |
| 81 | Sudan | 0.37 % | 2021 | down 15.9% | flat |
| 82 | Australia | 0.33 % | 2021 | up 50.0% | rising |
| 82 | Australia and New Zealand | 0.33 % | 2021 | up 50.0% | rising |
| 84 | China, Hong Kong SAR | 0.32 % | 2021 | down 37.3% | falling |
| 85 | Saint Lucia | 0.31 % | 2021 | up 121.4% | rising |
| 86 | Lebanon | 0.29 % | 2021 | down 51.7% | falling |
| 86 | Guadeloupe | 0.29 % | 2021 | up 123.1% | rising |
| 88 | Gabon | 0.27 % | 2021 | up 42.1% | rising |
| 89 | Japan | 0.26 % | 2021 | up 23.8% | rising |
| 89 | Nepal | 0.26 % | 2021 | down 52.7% | falling |
| 89 | Tunisia | 0.26 % | 2021 | down 7.1% | flat |
| 92 | Solomon Islands | 0.24 % | 2021 | up 242.9% | volatile |
| 93 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.2 % | 2021 | up 25.0% | rising |
| 93 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0.2 % | 2021 | up 42.9% | rising |
| 95 | Chad | 0.18 % | 2021 | down 10.0% | flat |
| 96 | Algeria | 0.16 % | 2021 | down 27.3% | flat |
| 97 | Bhutan | 0.15 % | 2021 | down 46.4% | falling |
| 97 | Grenada | 0.15 % | 2021 | up 50.0% | volatile |
| 99 | Chile | 0.13 % | 2021 | down 13.3% | rising |
| 100 | Russian Federation | 0.12 % | 2021 | down 69.2% | falling |
| 101 | Morocco | 0.1 % | 2021 | down 41.2% | flat |
| 102 | Lesotho | 0.05 % | 2021 | down 54.5% | falling |
| 102 | French Guiana | 0.05 % | 2021 | down 28.6% | falling |
| 104 | Libya | 0.03 % | 2021 | down 25.0% | falling |
| 104 | Pakistan | 0.03 % | 2021 | down 62.5% | falling |
| 104 | Suriname | 0.03 % | 2021 | up 50.0% | rising |
| 107 | Kazakhstan | 0.02 % | 2021 | down 50.0% | rising |
| 108 | Afghanistan | 0.01 % | 2021 | unchanged | flat |
| 108 | Armenia | 0.01 % | 2021 | down 75.0% | volatile |
| 108 | Jordan | 0.01 % | 2021 | down 50.0% | rising |
| 108 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.01 % | 2021 | down 80.0% | volatile |
| 108 | Palestine, State of | 0.01 % | 2021 | down 91.7% | volatile |
| 108 | Tajikistan | 0.01 % | 2021 | down 50.0% | rising |
| 108 | Turkmenistan | 0.01 % | 2021 | unchanged | flat |
| 115 | United Arab Emirates | 0 % | 2021 | — | volatile |
| 115 | Azerbaijan | 0 % | 2021 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 115 | Eritrea | 0 % | 2021 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 115 | Iraq | 0 % | 2021 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 115 | Namibia | 0 % | 2021 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 115 | Oman | 0 % | 2021 | — | volatile |
| 115 | Somalia | 0 % | 2021 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 115 | Uzbekistan | 0 % | 2021 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 115 | Yemen | 0 % | 2021 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 115 | Brunei Darussalam | 0 % | 2021 | — | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Europe 19.24 %
- Sub-Saharan Africa 5.52 %
- Least Developed Countries (LDCs) 2.94 %
- Latin America and the Caribbean 5.24 %
- Northern America and Europe 5.04 %
- World 3.11 %
- Land Locked Developing Countries (LLDCs) 2.62 %
- South-Eastern Asia 1.36 %
- Eastern Asia and South-eastern Asia 1.09 %
- Eastern Asia 0.71 %
- Small island developing States (SIDS) 0.63 %
- Western Asia 0.49 %
- Oceania excluding Australia and New Zealand 0.48 %
- Oceania 0.44 %
- Western Asia and Northern Africa 0.32 %
- Northern America 0.23 %
- United States of America 0.23 %
- Southern Asia 0.21 %
- Central Asia and Southern Asia 0.2 %
- Northern Africa 0.17 %
- Central Asia 0.01 %
About this data
As the custodian agency of 22 SDG indicators, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is responsible for curating and refining the methodologies of these indicators, collecting data from national sources, ensuring their quality and compatibility with applicable standards and classifications, and disseminating data at global level. This FAOSTAT domain complements the global SDG database administered by the United Nations Statistical Division (UNSD), as well as FAO’s SDG indicators portal, by providing access to the available data for all SDG Indicators under FAO custodianship. While this metadata page provides summary information on all SDG indicators data disseminated through FAOSTAT, indicator-specific metadata can be accessed from the link on the right hand navigation column. This additional metadata file provides details on the methodology used to compile each indicators, their data sources and the contact information of the relevant FAO focal point. It includes the links to the official SDG Indicator metadata documents accessible from the UNSD global SDG database.SDG Indicators under FAO custodianship, consisting of 22 indicators and 66 series that fall under six goals: • Goal 2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture.• Goal 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.• Goal 6: Clean water and sanitation: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.• Goal 12: Responsible consumption and production.• Goal 14: Life below water: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources.• Goal 15: Life on land: Sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, halt and reverse land degradation, halt biodiversity loss.