Biological fixation — Cropland nitrogen per unit area in Iraq
Iraq: Biological fixation — Cropland nitrogen per unit area was 0.1154 kg/ha in 2023. ◆ Volatile
Biological fixation — Cropland nitrogen per unit area in Iraq, 1961–2023
Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Measured in kg/ha.
Analysis
Iraq recorded 0.1154 kg/ha for biological fixation — cropland nitrogen per unit area in 2023. That is the lowest value across all 63 years on record.
The figure is down 11.0% on the previous year and down 84.3% over ten years.
Over the whole period, biological fixation — cropland nitrogen per unit area in Iraq peaked at 3.2 kg/ha in 2002 and was at its lowest, 0.1154 kg/ha, in 2023.
Iraq ranks 165th of 176 countries on this measure, in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Biological fixation — Cropland nitrogen per unit area in Iraq, year by year
| Year | kg/ha | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1961 | 0.6976 kg/ha | — |
| 1962 | 0.76 kg/ha | +8.9% |
| 1963 | 0.7868 kg/ha | +3.5% |
| 1964 | 0.7718 kg/ha | -1.9% |
| 1965 | 0.9207 kg/ha | +19.3% |
| 1966 | 0.9398 kg/ha | +2.1% |
| 1967 | 1.18 kg/ha | +25.8% |
| 1968 | 1.22 kg/ha | +3.1% |
| 1969 | 1.13 kg/ha | -7.1% |
| 1970 | 1.03 kg/ha | -9.0% |
| 1971 | 1.15 kg/ha | +11.5% |
| 1972 | 1.04 kg/ha | -9.5% |
| 1973 | 0.873 kg/ha | -16.1% |
| 1974 | 0.7025 kg/ha | -19.5% |
| 1975 | 0.7728 kg/ha | +10.0% |
| 1976 | 0.8537 kg/ha | +10.5% |
| 1977 | 0.9169 kg/ha | +7.4% |
| 1978 | 0.876 kg/ha | -4.5% |
| 1979 | 0.8225 kg/ha | -6.1% |
| 1980 | 0.8944 kg/ha | +8.7% |
| 1981 | 0.8535 kg/ha | -4.6% |
| 1982 | 0.8249 kg/ha | -3.4% |
| 1983 | 0.6868 kg/ha | -16.7% |
| 1984 | 0.6142 kg/ha | -10.6% |
| 1985 | 0.6885 kg/ha | +12.1% |
| 1986 | 0.761 kg/ha | +10.5% |
| 1987 | 0.6578 kg/ha | -13.6% |
| 1988 | 0.4806 kg/ha | -26.9% |
| 1989 | 0.5765 kg/ha | +20.0% |
| 1990 | 0.7027 kg/ha | +21.9% |
| 1991 | 0.7357 kg/ha | +4.7% |
| 1992 | 0.9522 kg/ha | +29.4% |
| 1993 | 1.07 kg/ha | +11.9% |
| 1994 | 1.58 kg/ha | +48.2% |
| 1995 | 1.93 kg/ha | +22.0% |
| 1996 | 1.88 kg/ha | -2.4% |
| 1997 | 2.39 kg/ha | +26.9% |
| 1998 | 2.31 kg/ha | -3.2% |
| 1999 | 1.99 kg/ha | -13.9% |
| 2000 | 2.25 kg/ha | +13.2% |
| 2001 | 2.92 kg/ha | +29.9% |
| 2002 | 3.2 kg/ha | +9.3% |
| 2003 | 2.86 kg/ha | -10.7% |
| 2004 | 2.33 kg/ha | -18.4% |
| 2005 | 1.45 kg/ha | -37.7% |
| 2006 | 1.61 kg/ha | +10.7% |
| 2007 | 1.34 kg/ha | -16.5% |
| 2008 | 0.917 kg/ha | -31.7% |
| 2009 | 0.8962 kg/ha | -2.3% |
| 2010 | 0.7489 kg/ha | -16.4% |
| 2011 | 0.7724 kg/ha | +3.1% |
| 2012 | 0.7286 kg/ha | -5.7% |
| 2013 | 0.7354 kg/ha | +0.9% |
| 2014 | 0.5541 kg/ha | -24.7% |
| 2015 | 0.2612 kg/ha | -52.9% |
| 2016 | 0.3344 kg/ha | +28.0% |
| 2017 | 0.3557 kg/ha | +6.4% |
| 2018 | 0.1278 kg/ha | -64.1% |
| 2019 | 0.692 kg/ha | +441.5% |
| 2020 | 0.5813 kg/ha | -16.0% |
| 2021 | 0.6442 kg/ha | +10.8% |
| 2022 | 0.1297 kg/ha | -79.9% |
| 2023 | 0.1154 kg/ha | -11.0% |
Iraq compared with similar countries
- Iraq's 0.1154 kg/ha is below the median for upper middle income countries, which is 5.48 kg/ha, 2% of the median. (49 countries reporting)
- Iraq's 0.1154 kg/ha is below the median for Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan, which is 1.76 kg/ha, 7% of the median. (19 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Biological fixation — Cropland nitrogen per unit area in Iraq changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | +441.5% | 0.1278 kg/ha | 0.692 kg/ha |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 0.9344 kg/ha | 0.6976 kg/ha | 1.22 kg/ha | 9 |
| 1970s | 0.9039 kg/ha | 0.7025 kg/ha | 1.15 kg/ha | 10 |
| 1980s | 0.7038 kg/ha | 0.4806 kg/ha | 0.8944 kg/ha | 10 |
| 1990s | 1.55 kg/ha | 0.7027 kg/ha | 2.39 kg/ha | 10 |
| 2000s | 1.98 kg/ha | 0.8962 kg/ha | 3.2 kg/ha | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.5311 kg/ha | 0.1278 kg/ha | 0.7724 kg/ha | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.3677 kg/ha | 0.1154 kg/ha | 0.6442 kg/ha | 4 |
Countries ranked near Iraq
More environment data for Iraq
- Historical exposure to drought — Land soil moisture anomaly -38.03 Percentage change (2025)
- Historical exposure to drought — Cropland soil moisture anomaly -26.27 Percentage change (2025)
- Standard Deviation, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Standard Deviation 0.549 °C (2025)
- Temperature change 1.99 °C (2025)
- Wood-based panels — Production, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), annual 2 % change on previous year (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per unit 0 Mt CO2e per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per capita 0 Mt CO2e per person (2024)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e), annual growth rate 6.65 % change on previous year (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is biological fixation — cropland nitrogen per unit area in Iraq?
- Biological fixation — cropland nitrogen per unit area in Iraq was 0.1154 kg/ha in 2023, according to Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
- What is the highest biological fixation — cropland nitrogen per unit area recorded in Iraq?
- The highest recorded value was 3.2 kg/ha in 2002.
- What is the lowest biological fixation — cropland nitrogen per unit area recorded in Iraq?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.1154 kg/ha in 2023.
- How does Iraq rank for biological fixation — cropland nitrogen per unit area?
- Iraq ranks 165th out of 176 countries with data for 2023.
- Is biological fixation — cropland nitrogen per unit area rising or falling in Iraq?
- Over the last ten years it is down 84.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Iraq data come from?
- The figures come from Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, published as part of Biological fixation — Cropland nitrogen per unit area. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 63 observations, free to reuse under CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO (FAO).
About this data
The Cropland Nutrient balance domain contains information on the flows of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from mineral fertilizer, manure applied, atmospheric deposition, crop removal, and biological fixation over cropland and per unit area of cropland. The flows are aggregated to total inputs and total outputs, from which the overall nutrient balance and nutrient use efficiency on cropland are calculated. Statistics are disseminated in units of tonnes and in kg/ha, as appropriate. Nutrient use efficiency is expressed as a fraction (%).