Biological fixation — Cropland nitrogen in Southern Europe
Southern Europe: Biological fixation — Cropland nitrogen was 159,412 t in 2023. ▼ Falling
Biological fixation — Cropland nitrogen in Southern Europe, 1961–2023
Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Measured in t.
Analysis
In 2023, biological fixation — cropland nitrogen in Southern Europe stood at 159,412 t.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 5.9% on the previous year and up 43.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, biological fixation — cropland nitrogen in Southern Europe peaked at 193,560 t in 1963 and was at its lowest, 82,909 t, in 1993.
Southern Europe ranks 22nd of 29 groups on this measure, in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 63 years of available data.
Biological fixation — Cropland nitrogen in Southern Europe, year by year
| Year | t | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1961 | 188,332 t | — |
| 1962 | 190,278 t | +1.0% |
| 1963 | 193,560 t | +1.7% |
| 1964 | 174,912 t | -9.6% |
| 1965 | 163,749 t | -6.4% |
| 1966 | 166,787 t | +1.9% |
| 1967 | 165,658 t | -0.7% |
| 1968 | 151,026 t | -8.8% |
| 1969 | 149,199 t | -1.2% |
| 1970 | 141,397 t | -5.2% |
| 1971 | 132,008 t | -6.6% |
| 1972 | 126,448 t | -4.2% |
| 1973 | 117,626 t | -7.0% |
| 1974 | 118,478 t | +0.7% |
| 1975 | 109,738 t | -7.4% |
| 1976 | 100,393 t | -8.5% |
| 1977 | 96,134 t | -4.2% |
| 1978 | 102,746 t | +6.9% |
| 1979 | 96,769 t | -5.8% |
| 1980 | 95,906 t | -0.9% |
| 1981 | 83,241 t | -13.2% |
| 1982 | 89,021 t | +6.9% |
| 1983 | 89,448 t | +0.5% |
| 1984 | 97,293 t | +8.8% |
| 1985 | 99,958 t | +2.7% |
| 1986 | 120,034 t | +20.1% |
| 1987 | 154,653 t | +28.8% |
| 1988 | 140,620 t | -9.1% |
| 1989 | 148,828 t | +5.8% |
| 1990 | 148,998 t | +0.1% |
| 1991 | 132,632 t | -11.0% |
| 1992 | 112,668 t | -15.1% |
| 1993 | 82,909 t | -26.4% |
| 1994 | 94,948 t | +14.5% |
| 1995 | 94,472 t | -0.5% |
| 1996 | 121,928 t | +29.1% |
| 1997 | 124,158 t | +1.8% |
| 1998 | 130,924 t | +5.4% |
| 1999 | 114,917 t | -12.2% |
| 2000 | 117,616 t | +2.3% |
| 2001 | 112,038 t | -4.7% |
| 2002 | 115,434 t | +3.0% |
| 2003 | 111,961 t | -3.0% |
| 2004 | 123,015 t | +9.9% |
| 2005 | 109,222 t | -11.2% |
| 2006 | 113,928 t | +4.3% |
| 2007 | 95,966 t | -15.8% |
| 2008 | 89,586 t | -6.6% |
| 2009 | 100,132 t | +11.8% |
| 2010 | 122,852 t | +22.7% |
| 2011 | 120,295 t | -2.1% |
| 2012 | 99,042 t | -17.7% |
| 2013 | 110,817 t | +11.9% |
| 2014 | 129,181 t | +16.6% |
| 2015 | 151,472 t | +17.3% |
| 2016 | 163,057 t | +7.6% |
| 2017 | 162,593 t | -0.3% |
| 2018 | 184,426 t | +13.4% |
| 2019 | 165,247 t | -10.4% |
| 2020 | 174,019 t | +5.3% |
| 2021 | 159,994 t | -8.1% |
| 2022 | 150,537 t | -5.9% |
| 2023 | 159,412 t | +5.9% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 171,500 t | 149,199 t | 193,560 t | 9 |
| 1970s | 114,174 t | 96,134 t | 141,397 t | 10 |
| 1980s | 111,900 t | 83,241 t | 154,653 t | 10 |
| 1990s | 115,855 t | 82,909 t | 148,998 t | 10 |
| 2000s | 108,890 t | 89,586 t | 123,015 t | 10 |
| 2010s | 140,898 t | 99,042 t | 184,426 t | 10 |
| 2020s | 160,990 t | 150,537 t | 174,019 t | 4 |
Countries ranked near Southern Europe
- 19 Sudan 232,963 t compare
- 20 South Africa 210,680 t compare
- 21 Pakistan 174,957 t compare
- 22 Sudan (former) 153,007 t compare
- 23 Malawi 150,540 t compare
- 24 Guinea 148,465 t compare
- 25 Philippines 137,510 t compare
More environment data for Southern Europe
- Historical exposure to drought — Land soil moisture anomaly -0.3167 Percentage change (2025)
- Historical exposure to drought — Cropland soil moisture anomaly -0.1235 Percentage change (2025)
- Standard Deviation, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Standard Deviation 0.323 °C (2025)
- Temperature change 2.19 °C (2025)
- Roundwood — Production 73.08 million m3 (2024)
- Roundwood, non-coniferous — Production 48.29 million m3 (2024)
- Roundwood, coniferous — Production 24.80 million m3 (2024)
- Roundwood — Export value 783,078 1000 USD (2024)
- Roundwood — Export quantity 6.44 million m3 (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is biological fixation — cropland nitrogen in Southern Europe?
- Biological fixation — cropland nitrogen in Southern Europe was 159,412 t in 2023, according to Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
- What is the highest biological fixation — cropland nitrogen recorded in Southern Europe?
- The highest recorded value was 193,560 t in 1963.
- What is the lowest biological fixation — cropland nitrogen recorded in Southern Europe?
- The lowest recorded value was 82,909 t in 1993.
- How does Southern Europe rank for biological fixation — cropland nitrogen?
- Southern Europe ranks 22nd out of 29 groups with data for 2023.
- Is biological fixation — cropland nitrogen rising or falling in Southern Europe?
- Over the last ten years it is up 43.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Southern Europe data come from?
- The figures come from Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, published as part of Biological fixation — Cropland nitrogen. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 63 observations, free to reuse under CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO (FAO).
About this data
The Cropland Nutrient balance domain contains information on the flows of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from mineral fertilizer, manure applied, atmospheric deposition, crop removal, and biological fixation over cropland and per unit area of cropland. The flows are aggregated to total inputs and total outputs, from which the overall nutrient balance and nutrient use efficiency on cropland are calculated. Statistics are disseminated in units of tonnes and in kg/ha, as appropriate. Nutrient use efficiency is expressed as a fraction (%).