Biological fixation — Cropland nitrogen by country
The Cropland Nutrient balance domain contains information on the flows of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from mineral fertilizer, manure applied, atmospheric deposition, crop removal, and biological fixation over cropland and per unit area of cropland. The flows are aggregated to total inputs and total...
Countries reporting
192
Highest
12.10 million t
Brazil
Lowest
0 t
China, Hong Kong SAR
Median
10,175 t
Years covered
63
1961–2023
Data points
12,870
What the numbers show
Biological fixation — Cropland nitrogen is currently reported for 192 countries. The highest value is 12.10 million t in Brazil; the lowest is 0 t in China, Hong Kong SAR.
The median across all reporting countries is 10,175 t, and the mean is 202,635 t.
Over the past decade 120 countries rose and 67 fell. The largest increase was in Latvia (up 1,190.5%), and the largest decrease in Bahrain (down 100.0%).
Biological fixation — Cropland nitrogen: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Brazil | 12.10 million t | 2023 | up 67.4% | volatile |
| 2 | India | 5.80 million t | 2023 | up 17.2% | rising |
| 3 | China | 3.60 million t | 2023 | up 21.0% | rising |
| 4 | China, mainland | 3.59 million t | 2023 | up 21.1% | rising |
| 4 | Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | 301,355 t | 2023 | up 37.4% | volatile |
| 5 | Argentina | 2.19 million t | 2023 | down 37.7% | volatile |
| 5 | Viet Nam | 228,001 t | 2023 | down 15.6% | rising |
| 6 | Canada | 749,936 t | 2023 | up 0.9% | volatile |
| 6 | United Republic of Tanzania | 208,282 t | 2023 | down 19.2% | volatile |
| 7 | Russian Federation | 690,363 t | 2023 | up 168.1% | volatile |
| 7 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 118,328 t | 2023 | up 32.7% | rising |
| 8 | Paraguay | 682,008 t | 2023 | up 14.1% | volatile |
| 8 | Türkiye | 107,568 t | 2023 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 9 | Nigeria | 604,775 t | 2023 | up 59.5% | volatile |
| 10 | Myanmar | 533,961 t | 2023 | down 16.0% | volatile |
| 10 | Iran (Islamic Republic of) | 70,728 t | 2023 | up 3.6% | rising |
| 11 | USSR | 466,300 t | 1991 | up 13.3% | rising |
| 11 | Democratic People's Republic of Korea | 43,666 t | 2023 | down 31.4% | flat |
| 12 | Australia and New Zealand | 375,046 t | 2023 | up 94.7% | volatile |
| 12 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 25,926 t | 2023 | down 7.8% | rising |
| 13 | Australia | 373,564 t | 2023 | up 95.4% | volatile |
| 13 | Syrian Arab Republic | 13,756 t | 2023 | down 27.6% | rising |
| 14 | Bangladesh | 356,615 t | 2023 | up 13.2% | rising |
| 14 | Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | 11,317 t | 2023 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 15 | Indonesia | 344,996 t | 2023 | down 24.9% | rising |
| 15 | Republic of Moldova | 4,881 t | 2023 | down 9.1% | rising |
| 16 | Thailand | 337,621 t | 2023 | down 2.4% | rising |
| 16 | Melanesia | 2,607 t | 2023 | down 6.0% | rising |
| 17 | Ukraine | 259,160 t | 2023 | up 45.0% | volatile |
| 17 | Polynesia | 151.68 t | 2023 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 18 | Ethiopia | 233,023 t | 2023 | up 9.3% | rising |
| 18 | Micronesia (Federated States of) | 2.48 t | 2023 | up 4.2% | rising |
| 19 | Sudan | 232,963 t | 2023 | up 17.3% | rising |
| 20 | South Africa | 210,680 t | 2023 | up 152.6% | volatile |
| 21 | Pakistan | 174,957 t | 2023 | down 11.2% | rising |
| 22 | Sudan (former) | 153,007 t | 2011 | up 15.1% | rising |
| 23 | Malawi | 150,540 t | 2023 | up 32.9% | volatile |
| 24 | Guinea | 148,465 t | 2023 | up 97.2% | volatile |
| 25 | Philippines | 137,510 t | 2023 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 26 | Senegal | 130,079 t | 2023 | up 73.8% | rising |
| 27 | Mozambique | 111,805 t | 2023 | up 63.0% | rising |
| 27 | Caribbean | 39,057 t | 2023 | down 42.0% | falling |
| 28 | Zambia | 108,908 t | 2023 | up 156.6% | volatile |
| 28 | Côte d'Ivoire | 39,033 t | 2023 | up 25.1% | rising |
| 29 | Cambodia | 99,530 t | 2023 | up 8.6% | rising |
| 29 | Cabo Verde | 945.61 t | 2023 | up 9.2% | volatile |
| 30 | Kenya | 98,850 t | 2023 | up 14.9% | rising |
| 31 | Uganda | 98,328 t | 2023 | up 14.9% | rising |
| 32 | Mexico | 92,949 t | 2023 | down 32.6% | rising |
| 33 | Uruguay | 92,362 t | 2023 | down 52.2% | volatile |
| 34 | Burkina Faso | 89,232 t | 2023 | up 89.5% | volatile |
| 35 | Benin | 88,126 t | 2023 | up 161.8% | volatile |
| 36 | Ghana | 86,489 t | 2023 | up 33.9% | volatile |
| 37 | Chad | 84,475 t | 2023 | down 13.4% | volatile |
| 38 | Cameroon | 82,593 t | 2023 | up 11.9% | volatile |
| 39 | France | 81,725 t | 2023 | up 55.4% | volatile |
| 40 | Niger | 79,103 t | 2023 | up 42.9% | volatile |
| 41 | Mali | 75,861 t | 2023 | up 23.3% | volatile |
| 42 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 73,690 t | 2023 | up 82.8% | volatile |
| 43 | Nepal | 67,096 t | 2023 | up 1.1% | rising |
| 44 | Ethiopia PDR | 66,720 t | 1992 | down 15.3% | rising |
| 45 | Madagascar | 66,242 t | 2023 | up 75.4% | rising |
| 46 | Italy | 63,880 t | 2023 | up 49.6% | rising |
| 47 | Kazakhstan | 62,752 t | 2023 | up 158.7% | volatile |
| 48 | Japan | 61,989 t | 2023 | down 1.3% | falling |
| 49 | Poland | 61,705 t | 2023 | up 135.0% | rising |
| 50 | Angola | 54,596 t | 2023 | up 16.9% | volatile |
| 51 | Burundi | 54,449 t | 2023 | up 222.9% | rising |
| 52 | Togo | 51,591 t | 2023 | up 201.7% | volatile |
| 53 | Egypt | 49,880 t | 2023 | up 7.4% | rising |
| 54 | Colombia | 49,646 t | 2023 | up 23.8% | rising |
| 55 | Zimbabwe | 39,718 t | 2023 | up 70.2% | rising |
| 56 | Central African Republic | 39,132 t | 2023 | up 102.1% | volatile |
| 57 | Germany | 38,744 t | 2023 | up 151.3% | rising |
| 58 | Sierra Leone | 37,129 t | 2023 | up 19.7% | rising |
| 59 | Spain | 34,373 t | 2023 | up 10.6% | falling |
| 60 | Rwanda | 32,550 t | 2023 | up 12.2% | rising |
| 61 | Sri Lanka | 32,421 t | 2023 | down 3.3% | rising |
| 62 | Serbia | 30,418 t | 2023 | up 38.8% | rising |
| 63 | Republic of Korea | 30,066 t | 2023 | down 13.4% | falling |
| 64 | Peru | 29,491 t | 2023 | up 0.1% | rising |
| 65 | Romania | 28,126 t | 2023 | up 119.7% | falling |
| 66 | Lithuania | 25,432 t | 2023 | up 349.1% | volatile |
| 67 | Nicaragua | 24,202 t | 2023 | up 4.8% | volatile |
| 68 | South Sudan | 24,051 t | 2023 | up 30.8% | rising |
| 69 | Czechoslovakia | 23,386 t | 1992 | up 132.2% | rising |
| 70 | Yugoslav SFR | 20,942 t | 1991 | up 32.4% | falling |
| 71 | Morocco | 20,938 t | 2023 | down 42.7% | flat |
| 72 | Guatemala | 20,513 t | 2023 | down 16.1% | volatile |
| 73 | Malaysia | 18,010 t | 2023 | up 6.6% | flat |
| 74 | Belarus | 16,219 t | 2023 | down 9.2% | rising |
| 75 | Austria | 15,512 t | 2023 | up 110.3% | volatile |
| 76 | Guinea-Bissau | 15,156 t | 2023 | up 86.2% | rising |
| 77 | Dominican Republic | 15,047 t | 2023 | up 3.3% | falling |
| 78 | Ecuador | 13,197 t | 2023 | down 35.7% | rising |
| 79 | Greece | 12,446 t | 2023 | up 217.3% | volatile |
| 80 | Haiti | 11,423 t | 2023 | down 60.9% | volatile |
| 81 | Cuba | 10,791 t | 2023 | down 48.6% | falling |
| 82 | Croatia | 10,695 t | 2023 | up 83.3% | rising |
| 83 | Algeria | 10,671 t | 2023 | up 31.8% | rising |
| 84 | Czechia | 10,336 t | 2023 | up 209.7% | falling |
| 85 | Latvia | 10,014 t | 2023 | up 1,190.5% | volatile |
| 86 | Hungary | 9,864 t | 2023 | up 30.9% | falling |
| 87 | Honduras | 9,811 t | 2023 | up 34.7% | rising |
| 88 | Tunisia | 9,469 t | 2023 | down 1.9% | rising |
| 89 | Kyrgyzstan | 9,133 t | 2023 | up 128.4% | volatile |
| 90 | China, Taiwan Province of | 9,093 t | 2023 | down 12.1% | falling |
| 91 | Slovakia | 8,696 t | 2023 | up 167.5% | rising |
| 92 | Denmark | 8,342 t | 2023 | up 497.4% | volatile |
| 93 | Liberia | 8,284 t | 2023 | up 9.1% | rising |
| 94 | Afghanistan | 8,044 t | 2023 | down 20.2% | rising |
| 95 | Uzbekistan | 7,708 t | 2023 | up 47.4% | rising |
| 96 | Estonia | 7,682 t | 2023 | up 299.1% | volatile |
| 97 | El Salvador | 7,031 t | 2023 | down 12.3% | rising |
| 98 | Sweden | 7,008 t | 2023 | up 8.7% | volatile |
| 99 | Gambia | 6,556 t | 2023 | down 38.9% | falling |
| 100 | Finland | 6,179 t | 2023 | up 874.9% | volatile |
| 101 | Mauritania | 5,820 t | 2023 | up 17.8% | volatile |
| 102 | Yemen | 5,039 t | 2023 | down 27.6% | rising |
| 103 | Congo | 4,867 t | 2023 | up 2.6% | rising |
| 104 | Ireland | 4,752 t | 2023 | up 233.0% | volatile |
| 105 | Guyana | 4,561 t | 2023 | down 15.0% | rising |
| 106 | Tajikistan | 3,915 t | 2023 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 107 | Panama | 3,884 t | 2023 | down 9.7% | rising |
| 108 | Belize | 3,773 t | 2023 | up 118.5% | volatile |
| 109 | Chile | 3,613 t | 2023 | down 27.0% | falling |
| 110 | Gabon | 3,490 t | 2023 | up 22.3% | volatile |
| 111 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 3,354 t | 2023 | up 103.8% | rising |
| 112 | Eritrea | 3,299 t | 2023 | down 2.1% | falling |
| 113 | Belgium | 2,602 t | 2023 | up 969.9% | volatile |
| 114 | Costa Rica | 2,521 t | 2023 | down 37.9% | flat |
| 115 | Bulgaria | 2,476 t | 2023 | up 159.2% | volatile |
| 116 | Eswatini | 1,954 t | 2023 | down 2.1% | rising |
| 117 | Israel | 1,947 t | 2023 | down 20.0% | rising |
| 118 | Turkmenistan | 1,845 t | 2023 | down 10.3% | rising |
| 119 | Namibia | 1,774 t | 2023 | up 23.0% | volatile |
| 120 | Portugal | 1,642 t | 2023 | up 48.7% | volatile |
| 121 | Libya | 1,509 t | 2023 | down 8.5% | rising |
| 122 | New Zealand | 1,482 t | 2023 | down 0.8% | falling |
| 123 | Comoros | 1,378 t | 2023 | down 39.7% | volatile |
| 124 | Suriname | 1,306 t | 2023 | down 15.4% | rising |
| 125 | Albania | 1,250 t | 2023 | down 13.0% | rising |
| 126 | Azerbaijan | 1,193 t | 2023 | down 15.8% | rising |
| 127 | Lebanon | 1,117 t | 2023 | down 5.4% | flat |
| 128 | Saudi Arabia | 968.43 t | 2023 | up 4.6% | rising |
| 129 | Botswana | 939.23 t | 2023 | up 73.4% | volatile |
| 130 | Fiji | 935.83 t | 2023 | down 27.4% | falling |
| 131 | Mauritius | 918.41 t | 2023 | down 33.0% | falling |
| 132 | Switzerland | 900.29 t | 2023 | down 7.2% | volatile |
| 133 | Papua New Guinea | 835.64 t | 2023 | up 12.5% | rising |
| 134 | Belgium-Luxembourg | 833.57 t | 1999 | up 16.0% | volatile |
| 135 | Djibouti | 829.36 t | 2023 | up 374.8% | volatile |
| 136 | North Macedonia | 798.24 t | 2023 | down 9.1% | falling |
| 137 | Iraq | 634 t | 2023 | down 82.4% | volatile |
| 138 | Jamaica | 536.9 t | 2023 | down 55.9% | falling |
| 139 | Solomon Islands | 527.28 t | 2023 | up 0.4% | volatile |
| 140 | Jordan | 505.34 t | 2023 | up 131.7% | volatile |
| 141 | Norway | 468.15 t | 2023 | up 501.0% | volatile |
| 142 | Slovenia | 462.76 t | 2023 | up 399.1% | volatile |
| 143 | Lesotho | 432.19 t | 2023 | up 17.0% | falling |
| 144 | Bhutan | 430.52 t | 2023 | down 45.8% | falling |
| 145 | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | 400.7 t | 2023 | down 13.1% | volatile |
| 146 | Georgia | 379.28 t | 2023 | down 38.4% | falling |
| 147 | Guadeloupe | 318.18 t | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 148 | Vanuatu | 308.45 t | 2023 | up 42.1% | rising |
| 149 | Trinidad and Tobago | 286.18 t | 2023 | up 35.8% | volatile |
| 150 | Tonga | 149.71 t | 2023 | up 0.0% | rising |
| 151 | Barbados | 146.82 t | 2023 | down 30.8% | falling |
| 152 | Armenia | 124.69 t | 2023 | down 34.9% | rising |
| 153 | Mongolia | 108.06 t | 2023 | down 5.8% | volatile |
| 154 | Montenegro | 92.18 t | 2023 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 155 | Bahamas | 91.44 t | 2023 | up 6.7% | falling |
| 156 | Grenada | 84.02 t | 2023 | down 36.3% | falling |
| 157 | Luxembourg | 67.21 t | 2023 | up 22.1% | falling |
| 158 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 58.75 t | 2023 | down 32.1% | rising |
| 159 | Qatar | 54.81 t | 2023 | up 13.7% | flat |
| 160 | Puerto Rico | 43.06 t | 2023 | down 0.7% | volatile |
| 161 | Brunei Darussalam | 37.6 t | 2023 | up 15.7% | volatile |
| 162 | Cyprus | 35.17 t | 2023 | down 54.8% | volatile |
| 163 | Dominica | 20.6 t | 2023 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 164 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 18.62 t | 2023 | down 7.6% | volatile |
| 165 | Maldives | 8.11 t | 2023 | up 5.7% | rising |
| 166 | Oman | 6.42 t | 2023 | up 414.0% | volatile |
| 167 | Saint Lucia | 3.21 t | 2023 | down 4.0% | volatile |
| 168 | French Polynesia | 1.95 t | 2023 | up 94.8% | volatile |
| 169 | New Caledonia | 0.2018 t | 2023 | up 55.0% | volatile |
| 170 | Samoa | 0.025 t | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 171 | Antigua and Barbuda | 0 t | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 171 | Bahrain | 0 t | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 171 | Malta | 0 t | 2023 | down 100.0% | falling |
| 171 | Singapore | 0 t | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 171 | China, Hong Kong SAR | 0 t | 2023 | — | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- World 41.27 million t
- Asia 12.19 million t
- Americas 23.53 million t
- Least Developed Countries (LDCs) 3.47 million t
- South America 15.47 million t
- Middle Africa 387,479 t
- Northern America 7.85 million t
- United States of America 7.10 million t
- Southern Asia 6.51 million t
- Net Food Importing Developing Countries (NFIDCs) 3.99 million t
- Eastern Asia 3.74 million t
- Africa 3.63 million t
- Small island developing States (SIDS) 71,775 t
- Low Income Food Deficit Countries (LIFDCs) 3.10 million t
- Land Locked Developing Countries (LLDCs) 2.29 million t
- South-Eastern Asia 1.73 million t
- Europe 1.53 million t
- Western Africa 1.47 million t
- Eastern Africa 1.24 million t
- Eastern Europe 1.09 million t
- European Union (27) 453,197 t
- Oceania 377,808 t
- Northern Africa 325,430 t
- Southern Africa 215,780 t
- Central America 164,685 t
- Southern Europe 159,412 t
- Northern Europe 143,567 t
- Western Europe 139,951 t
- Western Asia 133,815 t
- Central Asia 85,353 t
About this data
The Cropland Nutrient balance domain contains information on the flows of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from mineral fertilizer, manure applied, atmospheric deposition, crop removal, and biological fixation over cropland and per unit area of cropland. The flows are aggregated to total inputs and total outputs, from which the overall nutrient balance and nutrient use efficiency on cropland are calculated. Statistics are disseminated in units of tonnes and in kg/ha, as appropriate. Nutrient use efficiency is expressed as a fraction (%).