Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Total excluding non-tropical fires (Mt CO2e) by country
Net flux of carbon dioxide (CO2) from Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry LULUCF, excluding non-tropical fires at the country level.
Countries reporting
182
Highest
751.47 Mt CO2e
Brazil
Lowest
-1,346 Mt CO2e
China (People’s Republic of)
Median
-0.9304 Mt CO2e
Years covered
24
2000–2023
Data points
5,520
What the numbers show
Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Total excluding non-tropical fires (Mt CO2e) is currently reported for 182 countries. The highest value is 751.47 Mt CO2e in Brazil; the lowest is -1,346 Mt CO2e in China (People’s Republic of).
The median across all reporting countries is -0.9304 Mt CO2e, and the mean is -23.19 Mt CO2e.
Over the past decade 64 countries rose and 67 fell. The largest increase was in Lao People's Democratic Republic (up 1,998.1%), and the largest decrease in Ireland (down 1,185.0%).
Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Total excluding: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Brazil | 751.47 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 100.6% | volatile |
| 2 | Indonesia | 297.9 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 54.8% | falling |
| 3 | Nigeria | 225.6 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 21.1% | rising |
| 4 | Ethiopia | 123.03 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 32.5% | volatile |
| 5 | Peru | 100.79 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 10.0% | falling |
| 6 | Colombia | 96.01 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 51.2% | rising |
| 7 | Angola | 70.41 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 0.0% | rising |
| 8 | Germany | 59.89 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 807.2% | volatile |
| 9 | Uganda | 56.47 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 14.8% | rising |
| 10 | Côte d'Ivoire | 54.68 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 29.5% | falling |
| 11 | Myanmar | 48.91 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 1.4% | falling |
| 12 | Philippines | 47.24 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 700.3% | volatile |
| 13 | Argentina | 47.03 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 44.9% | falling |
| 14 | Kenya | 46.85 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 222.8% | volatile |
| 15 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 43.74 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 16 | Burkina Faso | 40.14 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 17 | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 36.14 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 18 | Madagascar | 34.34 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 19 | Mozambique | 33.72 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 7.4% | volatile |
| 20 | Guinea | 33.6 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 21 | Guatemala | 30.89 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 22 | Cambodia | 30.5 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 76.7% | volatile |
| 23 | Togo | 29.52 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 10.8% | rising |
| 24 | Pakistan | 28.29 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 25 | Ecuador | 25.8 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 18.8% | falling |
| 26 | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 21.53 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 27 | Somalia | 17.35 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 28 | Solomon Islands | 16.22 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 71.7% | volatile |
| 29 | Zimbabwe | 15.24 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 30 | Nicaragua | 12.72 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 31 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 11.01 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 1,998.1% | volatile |
| 32 | Afghanistan | 10.55 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 33 | Finland | 9.18 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 149.4% | volatile |
| 34 | Equatorial Guinea | 8.55 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 35 | Sudan | 8.02 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 36 | Lesotho | 7.49 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 37 | Austria | 7.32 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 239.8% | volatile |
| 38 | Ghana | 6.8 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 14.8% | rising |
| 39 | Iceland | 6.35 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 0.7% | flat |
| 40 | Paraguay | 4.7 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 86.6% | volatile |
| 41 | Kazakhstan | 3.95 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 33.2% | volatile |
| 42 | Canada | 3.28 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 89.1% | volatile |
| 43 | Latvia | 3.23 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 189.2% | volatile |
| 44 | Netherlands | 3.11 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 8.4% | falling |
| 45 | Bahamas | 2.98 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 2.1% | rising |
| 46 | South Sudan | 2.76 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 47 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 2.33 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 99.6% | volatile |
| 48 | Dominican Republic | 2.2 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 49 | Estonia | 1.78 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 297.9% | volatile |
| 50 | Albania | 1.35 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 0.1% | volatile |
| 51 | Switzerland | 1.24 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 530.5% | volatile |
| 52 | Gambia | 1.19 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 53 | Haiti | 1.15 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 54 | Fiji | 0.56 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 55 | Bangladesh | 0.3743 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 56 | Republic of Moldova | 0.2584 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 120.0% | volatile |
| 57 | Antigua and Barbuda | 0.1915 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 58 | Andorra | 0.1358 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 0.4% | falling |
| 59 | Kuwait | 0.1339 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 60 | Singapore | 0.0309 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 835.7% | volatile |
| 61 | Malta | 0.0004 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 20.0% | volatile |
| 63 | Monaco | -0.0001 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 64 | Liechtenstein | -0.0078 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 388.9% | volatile |
| 65 | San Marino | -0.0105 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 66 | Bahrain | -0.025 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 67 | Syrian Arab Republic | -0.043 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 68 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | -0.0556 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 69 | Barbados | -0.059 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 69 | Cape Verde | -0.059 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 42.5% | falling |
| 71 | Ireland | -0.0651 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 1,185.0% | volatile |
| 72 | Palau | -0.099 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 73 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | -0.137 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 74 | Seychelles | -0.1513 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 43.9% | rising |
| 75 | Grenada | -0.177 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | volatile |
| 76 | Eritrea | -0.212 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 4.1% | rising |
| 77 | Saint Lucia | -0.2266 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 8.9% | falling |
| 78 | Israel | -0.2564 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 12.0% | rising |
| 79 | Cyprus | -0.3119 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 4.4% | falling |
| 80 | El Salvador | -0.344 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | volatile |
| 81 | Belgium | -0.3633 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 62.6% | volatile |
| 82 | Armenia | -0.4706 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 1.3% | falling |
| 83 | Sao Tome and Principe | -0.516 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 16.0% | falling |
| 84 | Malawi | -0.562 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 85 | Micronesia, Federated States of | -0.5684 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 86 | Luxembourg | -0.6781 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 17.6% | falling |
| 87 | Morocco | -0.7288 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 60.0% | rising |
| 88 | Samoa | -0.7682 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 1.5% | rising |
| 89 | Turkmenistan | -0.8665 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 90 | Tajikistan | -0.868 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 168.2% | volatile |
| 91 | Mauritania | -0.89 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 9.2% | falling |
| 92 | Jordan | -0.922 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 93 | Denmark | -0.9389 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 643.0% | volatile |
| 94 | United Arab Emirates | -1.07 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 95 | Mauritius | -1.28 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 224.9% | volatile |
| 96 | North Macedonia | -1.36 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 97 | Timor-Leste | -1.48 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 44.0% | volatile |
| 98 | Jamaica | -1.63 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 99 | Yemen | -1.89 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 100 | Tonga | -2 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 101 | Comoros | -2.14 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 10.3% | rising |
| 102 | Trinidad and Tobago | -2.19 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 0.7% | rising |
| 103 | Portugal | -2.24 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 40.4% | volatile |
| 104 | Montenegro | -2.5 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 3.5% | flat |
| 105 | Dominica | -2.76 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 91.2% | volatile |
| 106 | Botswana | -2.82 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 107 | Costa Rica | -3.07 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 164.3% | volatile |
| 108 | Lebanon | -3.25 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 7.4% | flat |
| 109 | Czechia | -3.58 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 58.3% | volatile |
| 110 | Eswatini | -3.63 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 111 | Benin | -3.96 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 7.9% | volatile |
| 112 | Slovenia | -4.32 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 18.9% | volatile |
| 113 | Brunei Darussalam | -4.46 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 5.4% | falling |
| 114 | Serbia | -4.57 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 20.0% | rising |
| 115 | Greece | -4.68 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 80.6% | falling |
| 116 | Chad | -5.14 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 77.8% | rising |
| 117 | Azerbaijan | -5.21 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 5.7% | flat |
| 118 | Croatia | -5.67 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 10.1% | rising |
| 119 | Lithuania | -5.73 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 41.6% | rising |
| 120 | Georgia | -5.8 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 0.1% | rising |
| 121 | United Kingdom | -6.04 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 9.3% | falling |
| 122 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | -6.4 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 4.2% | falling |
| 123 | Hungary | -6.92 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 68.9% | falling |
| 124 | Vanuatu | -6.94 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 125 | Djibouti | -7 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | volatile |
| 126 | Rwanda | -7.09 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 10.9% | falling |
| 127 | Honduras | -7.44 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 128 | Slovak Republic | -7.82 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 11.9% | rising |
| 129 | Uzbekistan | -8.46 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 413.2% | volatile |
| 130 | Bulgaria | -8.74 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 26.1% | rising |
| 131 | Belize | -8.88 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 44.3% | rising |
| 132 | Saudi Arabia | -8.98 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 133 | Niger | -9 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 19.3% | rising |
| 134 | Uruguay | -9.07 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 6.4% | falling |
| 135 | Kyrgyzstan | -10.37 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 136 | Bhutan | -11.33 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 5.7% | flat |
| 137 | Ukraine | -11.33 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 931.1% | volatile |
| 138 | Algeria | -11.53 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 0.9% | falling |
| 139 | Papua New Guinea | -12.84 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 358.4% | volatile |
| 140 | Senegal | -13 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 6.6% | flat |
| 141 | Tunisia | -13.43 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 21.0% | falling |
| 142 | Burundi | -15.42 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 27.0% | volatile |
| 143 | Norway | -15.56 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 26.4% | rising |
| 144 | Nepal | -16.23 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 145 | Democratic People’s Republic of Korea | -17.01 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 146 | Suriname | -17.8 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 12.4% | falling |
| 147 | Congo | -18.25 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 13.8% | falling |
| 148 | Sri Lanka | -18.48 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 149 | Liberia | -20.5 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 150 | New Zealand | -20.51 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 21.2% | rising |
| 151 | Guinea-Bissau | -22.54 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 34.6% | rising |
| 152 | Cuba | -27.77 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 10.3% | falling |
| 153 | Panama | -27.92 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 5.5% | falling |
| 154 | Mongolia | -30.17 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 1.1% | falling |
| 155 | Sweden | -32.89 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 45.6% | rising |
| 156 | Zambia | -33.66 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 7.3% | rising |
| 157 | Poland | -35.83 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 24.0% | rising |
| 158 | France | -38.85 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 25.5% | rising |
| 159 | Viet Nam | -39.49 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 160 | Belarus | -41.31 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 0.2% | falling |
| 161 | Korea | -41.6 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 2.9% | rising |
| 162 | Romania | -46.56 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 20.5% | falling |
| 163 | Japan | -50.71 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 32.9% | rising |
| 164 | Spain | -51.48 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 11.2% | falling |
| 165 | Italy | -54.39 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 35.8% | falling |
| 166 | South Africa | -56.71 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 24.4% | falling |
| 167 | Chile | -57.46 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 11.4% | rising |
| 168 | Türkiye | -69.38 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 9.5% | falling |
| 169 | Cameroon | -76.6 Mt CO2e | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 170 | Thailand | -91.99 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 10.7% | falling |
| 171 | Australia | -95.82 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 1,023.8% | volatile |
| 172 | Gabon | -108.8 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 5.2% | falling |
| 173 | Namibia | -110.71 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 0.4% | falling |
| 174 | Guyana | -142.41 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 1.3% | flat |
| 175 | Mali | -155.03 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 40.2% | rising |
| 176 | Central African Republic | -160.37 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 5.4% | rising |
| 177 | Mexico | -201.94 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 5.8% | rising |
| 178 | Malaysia | -223 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 8.7% | flat |
| 179 | Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | -284.92 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 1.7% | flat |
| 180 | India | -485.47 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 33.2% | falling |
| 181 | United States | -921.79 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 2.9% | rising |
| 182 | Russia | -1,193 Mt CO2e | 2023 | up 15.3% | rising |
| 183 | China (People’s Republic of) | -1,346 Mt CO2e | 2023 | down 27.5% | falling |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income) 554.96 Mt CO2e
- Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries) 340.6 Mt CO2e
- Latin America & Caribbean 315.81 Mt CO2e
- Africa Eastern and Southern 226.86 Mt CO2e
- IDA blend 220 Mt CO2e
- Pre-demographic dividend 181.04 Mt CO2e
- Least developed countries 146.69 Mt CO2e
- IDA total 115.55 Mt CO2e
- Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income) 32.93 Mt CO2e
- Sub-Saharan Africa 32.78 Mt CO2e
- Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries) 32.78 Mt CO2e
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (excluding high income) 21.57 Mt CO2e
About this data
Net flux of carbon dioxide (CO2) from Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry LULUCF, excluding non-tropical fires at the country level.