Gross Fixed Capital Formation (Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing) — Share of Value Added US$, 2015 prices by country
As part of the FAO Agriculture Capital Stock (ACS) database, the Statistics Division of FAO publishes country-by-country data on physical investment in agriculture, forestry and fishing as measured by the System of National Accounts (SNA) concept of Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF). Additional variables...
What the numbers show
Gross Fixed Capital Formation (Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing) — Share of Value Added US$, 2015 prices is currently reported for 187 countries. The highest value is 214.43 % in Estonia; the lowest is 1.16 % in Anguilla.
The median across all reporting countries is 12.44 %, and the mean is 19.09 %.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 184.
Over the past decade 131 countries rose and 56 fell. The largest increase was in Cyprus (up 551.1%), and the largest decrease in Lebanon (down 89.0%).
Gross Fixed Capital Formation (Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing): full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Estonia | 214.43 % | 2023 | up 262.8% | volatile |
| 2 | Luxembourg | 165.6 % | 2023 | down 31.2% | volatile |
| 2 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 22.68 % | 2023 | up 290.3% | volatile |
| 3 | Latvia | 111.09 % | 2023 | up 115.3% | volatile |
| 3 | Viet Nam | 18.33 % | 2023 | up 60.4% | volatile |
| 4 | Denmark | 74.93 % | 2023 | up 31.6% | falling |
| 5 | Lithuania | 69.88 % | 2023 | up 17.1% | rising |
| 6 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 61.07 % | 2023 | up 30.9% | flat |
| 6 | Türkiye | 15.67 % | 2023 | down 10.8% | rising |
| 7 | Belgium | 60.01 % | 2023 | up 25.7% | rising |
| 8 | Belarus | 59.86 % | 2023 | down 19.3% | volatile |
| 9 | Austria | 56.94 % | 2023 | down 13.6% | falling |
| 10 | Slovenia | 54.29 % | 2023 | up 58.2% | rising |
| 11 | Singapore | 51.9 % | 2023 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 12 | Greece | 51.8 % | 2023 | up 112.4% | rising |
| 13 | Sweden | 49.96 % | 2023 | up 28.0% | rising |
| 14 | Norway | 45.18 % | 2023 | up 63.5% | falling |
| 14 | Timor-Leste | 7.48 % | 2023 | down 39.6% | rising |
| 15 | France | 44.19 % | 2023 | up 4.8% | falling |
| 16 | Switzerland | 43.18 % | 2023 | down 4.6% | rising |
| 17 | Italy | 41.73 % | 2023 | up 90.2% | rising |
| 18 | Ireland | 41.68 % | 2023 | down 13.4% | falling |
| 19 | Hungary | 39.55 % | 2023 | up 58.8% | rising |
| 20 | Czechia | 38.97 % | 2023 | down 8.6% | rising |
| 21 | Romania | 38.12 % | 2023 | up 4.8% | rising |
| 21 | Cabo Verde | 11.01 % | 2023 | down 17.0% | rising |
| 22 | Germany | 37.94 % | 2023 | down 16.7% | rising |
| 23 | Poland | 37.63 % | 2023 | up 23.6% | rising |
| 24 | Slovakia | 37.17 % | 2023 | up 12.5% | falling |
| 25 | Croatia | 34.27 % | 2023 | up 128.9% | rising |
| 26 | New Zealand | 33.29 % | 2023 | up 23.9% | rising |
| 27 | Bulgaria | 33.14 % | 2023 | up 16.2% | volatile |
| 28 | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | 31.87 % | 2023 | down 26.8% | flat |
| 29 | Australia and New Zealand | 30.76 % | 2023 | up 7.1% | falling |
| 30 | Australia | 30.22 % | 2023 | up 3.6% | falling |
| 31 | British Virgin Islands | 29.24 % | 2023 | up 65.2% | rising |
| 32 | South Africa | 27.01 % | 2023 | down 7.4% | flat |
| 33 | Portugal | 25.83 % | 2023 | down 0.9% | falling |
| 34 | Curaçao | 25.68 % | 2022 | up 32.8% | volatile |
| 35 | Vanuatu | 25.62 % | 2023 | up 151.6% | rising |
| 36 | Uruguay | 25.51 % | 2023 | up 10.6% | rising |
| 37 | Angola | 24.19 % | 2023 | up 156.7% | volatile |
| 38 | Finland | 23.06 % | 2023 | down 42.8% | falling |
| 39 | Palestine, State of | 22.75 % | 2023 | up 52.8% | rising |
| 40 | Serbia | 22.51 % | 2023 | up 32.1% | rising |
| 41 | Japan | 21.67 % | 2023 | down 21.6% | falling |
| 42 | Honduras | 21.59 % | 2023 | up 37.6% | flat |
| 43 | Yemen | 21.58 % | 2023 | down 17.3% | falling |
| 44 | Russian Federation | 21.54 % | 2023 | up 13.7% | rising |
| 45 | Canada | 21.14 % | 2023 | up 19.8% | falling |
| 46 | Spain | 21.03 % | 2023 | up 58.4% | rising |
| 47 | Bhutan | 20.82 % | 2023 | up 137.4% | rising |
| 48 | Sri Lanka | 20.72 % | 2023 | up 65.2% | rising |
| 49 | Israel | 19.93 % | 2023 | up 21.5% | falling |
| 50 | Guinea | 19.55 % | 2023 | up 68.3% | rising |
| 51 | Cyprus | 19.27 % | 2023 | up 551.1% | falling |
| 52 | Thailand | 19.13 % | 2023 | down 1.4% | rising |
| 53 | Tajikistan | 18.44 % | 2023 | up 189.4% | falling |
| 54 | Albania | 18.32 % | 2023 | up 37.0% | falling |
| 55 | Kuwait | 18.25 % | 2023 | up 62.1% | flat |
| 56 | Namibia | 18.25 % | 2023 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 57 | Grenada | 18.14 % | 2023 | up 140.4% | volatile |
| 58 | Morocco | 17.88 % | 2023 | down 9.3% | flat |
| 59 | Brunei Darussalam | 17.78 % | 2023 | up 15.8% | falling |
| 60 | Libya | 17.68 % | 2023 | up 275.2% | volatile |
| 61 | Gabon | 17.61 % | 2023 | up 71.6% | rising |
| 62 | Republic of Korea | 17.6 % | 2023 | up 7.2% | falling |
| 63 | Turkmenistan | 17.57 % | 2023 | up 17.6% | rising |
| 64 | Argentina | 17.49 % | 2023 | down 14.3% | rising |
| 65 | Philippines | 17.41 % | 2023 | up 51.9% | rising |
| 66 | Jordan | 16.9 % | 2023 | up 202.0% | falling |
| 67 | Indonesia | 16.35 % | 2023 | up 9.3% | rising |
| 68 | Armenia | 15.94 % | 2023 | up 118.7% | flat |
| 69 | India | 15.68 % | 2023 | up 5.4% | rising |
| 70 | Ghana | 15.65 % | 2023 | up 43.8% | rising |
| 71 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 15.57 % | 2023 | up 14.0% | rising |
| 72 | Eswatini | 15.26 % | 2023 | up 13.8% | falling |
| 73 | Paraguay | 15.13 % | 2023 | up 22.5% | falling |
| 74 | El Salvador | 15.08 % | 2023 | up 13.4% | flat |
| 75 | China, mainland | 14.79 % | 2023 | up 0.9% | rising |
| 76 | Senegal | 14.37 % | 2023 | up 82.2% | rising |
| 77 | Liberia | 14.23 % | 2023 | up 156.2% | volatile |
| 78 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 14.04 % | 2023 | up 5.9% | rising |
| 79 | Peru | 13.96 % | 2023 | up 49.4% | rising |
| 80 | Bahrain | 13.95 % | 2023 | up 16.7% | falling |
| 81 | Algeria | 13.87 % | 2023 | up 35.0% | falling |
| 82 | Suriname | 13.86 % | 2023 | up 26.3% | falling |
| 83 | Zambia | 13.56 % | 2023 | down 28.0% | rising |
| 84 | Chile | 13.33 % | 2023 | down 19.4% | flat |
| 85 | Colombia | 13.27 % | 2023 | up 138.1% | rising |
| 86 | Mexico | 13.18 % | 2023 | up 36.4% | falling |
| 87 | Costa Rica | 12.91 % | 2023 | down 0.2% | falling |
| 88 | Bangladesh | 12.79 % | 2023 | up 60.9% | rising |
| 89 | Uganda | 12.69 % | 2023 | up 15.4% | rising |
| 90 | Mongolia | 12.69 % | 2023 | down 31.8% | rising |
| 91 | Nicaragua | 12.44 % | 2023 | up 26.1% | rising |
| 92 | Guatemala | 12.33 % | 2023 | up 2.0% | falling |
| 93 | Kazakhstan | 12.26 % | 2023 | up 45.8% | rising |
| 94 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 12.12 % | 2023 | up 17.1% | falling |
| 95 | Puerto Rico | 12.1 % | 2023 | up 13.0% | falling |
| 96 | Iceland | 11.98 % | 2023 | up 22.3% | rising |
| 97 | Montenegro | 11.85 % | 2023 | up 17.8% | rising |
| 98 | Malaysia | 11.72 % | 2023 | up 20.9% | rising |
| 99 | Malawi | 11.71 % | 2023 | up 194.0% | volatile |
| 100 | Mauritania | 11.7 % | 2023 | up 46.6% | rising |
| 101 | Congo | 11.65 % | 2023 | up 12.2% | falling |
| 102 | Cayman Islands | 11.56 % | 2023 | up 48.8% | rising |
| 103 | Saudi Arabia | 11.34 % | 2023 | up 9.1% | rising |
| 104 | Andorra | 11.17 % | 2023 | up 16.4% | falling |
| 105 | Burkina Faso | 10.99 % | 2023 | up 91.2% | rising |
| 106 | United Arab Emirates | 10.97 % | 2023 | up 25.0% | rising |
| 107 | Tonga | 10.92 % | 2023 | up 2.9% | rising |
| 108 | Pakistan | 10.49 % | 2023 | down 14.6% | falling |
| 109 | Lesotho | 10.35 % | 2023 | up 23.4% | rising |
| 110 | Solomon Islands | 10.3 % | 2023 | up 14.2% | rising |
| 111 | Uzbekistan | 10.23 % | 2023 | up 82.2% | rising |
| 112 | Antigua and Barbuda | 10.2 % | 2023 | up 99.1% | rising |
| 113 | Gambia | 10.13 % | 2023 | up 140.4% | rising |
| 114 | Cameroon | 10.03 % | 2023 | up 11.2% | rising |
| 115 | Cambodia | 9.92 % | 2023 | up 41.4% | rising |
| 116 | Tunisia | 9.89 % | 2023 | down 40.0% | falling |
| 117 | Panama | 9.85 % | 2023 | down 15.2% | rising |
| 118 | Bahamas | 9.85 % | 2023 | down 27.0% | rising |
| 119 | Papua New Guinea | 9.42 % | 2023 | down 11.2% | rising |
| 120 | Cuba | 9.29 % | 2023 | up 20.1% | rising |
| 121 | Botswana | 9.11 % | 2023 | up 13.2% | rising |
| 122 | Nepal | 8.77 % | 2023 | up 40.1% | rising |
| 123 | Kenya | 8.77 % | 2023 | up 124.1% | rising |
| 124 | Equatorial Guinea | 8.71 % | 2023 | down 41.2% | rising |
| 125 | Georgia | 8.66 % | 2023 | up 19.7% | falling |
| 126 | Brazil | 8.64 % | 2023 | up 18.4% | falling |
| 127 | Rwanda | 8.61 % | 2023 | up 61.1% | rising |
| 128 | Azerbaijan | 8.53 % | 2023 | down 43.7% | volatile |
| 129 | Afghanistan | 8.4 % | 2023 | up 8.0% | falling |
| 130 | Guyana | 8.14 % | 2023 | up 25.9% | falling |
| 131 | Myanmar | 8.06 % | 2023 | up 5.3% | rising |
| 132 | Mauritius | 7.87 % | 2023 | down 81.2% | falling |
| 133 | Nigeria | 7.82 % | 2023 | down 56.8% | falling |
| 134 | Sao Tome and Principe | 7.78 % | 2023 | up 65.2% | rising |
| 135 | Malta | 7.6 % | 2023 | down 57.4% | flat |
| 136 | Ukraine | 7.46 % | 2023 | down 29.7% | falling |
| 137 | Tuvalu | 7.3 % | 2023 | up 55.2% | rising |
| 138 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 7.28 % | 2023 | up 32.0% | rising |
| 139 | Dominica | 7.11 % | 2023 | up 30.6% | rising |
| 140 | Benin | 7.08 % | 2023 | up 16.3% | rising |
| 141 | Comoros | 6.99 % | 2023 | up 14.6% | flat |
| 142 | North Macedonia | 6.99 % | 2023 | up 22.3% | rising |
| 143 | Mali | 6.95 % | 2023 | up 26.5% | rising |
| 144 | Kiribati | 6.83 % | 2023 | down 15.1% | rising |
| 145 | Ethiopia | 6.7 % | 2023 | up 20.8% | volatile |
| 146 | Djibouti | 6.61 % | 2023 | up 3.9% | volatile |
| 147 | Fiji | 6.58 % | 2023 | up 11.4% | flat |
| 148 | Togo | 6.41 % | 2023 | up 24.7% | rising |
| 149 | Trinidad and Tobago | 6.25 % | 2023 | up 415.0% | volatile |
| 150 | Somalia | 6.16 % | 2023 | up 26.8% | rising |
| 151 | Oman | 5.86 % | 2023 | up 175.4% | volatile |
| 152 | Naoero | 5.69 % | 2023 | down 1.2% | volatile |
| 153 | Mozambique | 5.37 % | 2023 | up 6.5% | rising |
| 154 | Sudan | 5.3 % | 2022 | down 30.7% | falling |
| 155 | Egypt | 5.29 % | 2023 | up 29.2% | volatile |
| 156 | Haiti | 5.27 % | 2023 | down 23.6% | falling |
| 157 | Madagascar | 5.14 % | 2023 | up 9.3% | rising |
| 158 | Kyrgyzstan | 5.12 % | 2023 | up 0.6% | volatile |
| 159 | Zimbabwe | 5.12 % | 2023 | down 59.7% | volatile |
| 160 | Palau | 4.77 % | 2023 | up 40.8% | falling |
| 161 | Barbados | 4.59 % | 2023 | down 21.8% | falling |
| 162 | Eritrea | 4.49 % | 2023 | down 9.6% | flat |
| 163 | Seychelles | 4.42 % | 2023 | down 31.6% | falling |
| 164 | Marshall Islands | 4.32 % | 2023 | down 69.2% | rising |
| 165 | Saint Lucia | 4.22 % | 2023 | down 36.6% | falling |
| 166 | Iraq | 4.02 % | 2023 | down 1.5% | volatile |
| 167 | Dominican Republic | 3.95 % | 2023 | up 9.3% | falling |
| 168 | Belize | 3.88 % | 2023 | down 32.3% | falling |
| 169 | Ecuador | 3.78 % | 2023 | down 13.4% | falling |
| 170 | Bermuda | 3.61 % | 2023 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 171 | French Polynesia | 3.5 % | 2023 | up 22.9% | rising |
| 172 | Maldives | 3.45 % | 2023 | down 16.8% | volatile |
| 173 | Guinea-Bissau | 3.39 % | 2023 | up 9.9% | rising |
| 174 | Central African Republic | 3.33 % | 2023 | up 8.5% | falling |
| 175 | Chad | 2.95 % | 2023 | down 44.6% | rising |
| 176 | Burundi | 2.83 % | 2023 | down 15.6% | rising |
| 177 | Jamaica | 2.73 % | 2023 | down 30.0% | falling |
| 178 | Sierra Leone | 2.41 % | 2023 | down 61.6% | rising |
| 179 | New Caledonia | 2.22 % | 2023 | down 84.3% | falling |
| 180 | Niger | 1.95 % | 2023 | down 23.4% | falling |
| 181 | Lebanon | 1.3 % | 2023 | down 89.0% | flat |
| 182 | Anguilla | 1.16 % | 2023 | down 56.7% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Northern Europe 53.49 %
- Syrian Arab Republic 37.23 %
- Western Europe 41.51 %
- European Union (27) 38.97 %
- United States of America 38.55 %
- Lao People's Democratic Republic 17.31 %
- Northern America 36.33 %
- Middle Africa 16.53 %
- Europe 35.87 %
- Southern Europe 32.03 %
- Asia 14.9 %
- Oceania 28.25 %
- Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 14.79 %
- Eastern Europe 26.78 %
- Least Developed Countries (LDCs) 10.59 %
- Southern Africa 25.23 %
- United Republic of Tanzania 9.79 %
- Americas 22.99 %
- Melanesia 9.34 %
- World 17.38 %
- Micronesia (Federated States of) 9.27 %
- South-Eastern Asia 16.17 %
- Iran (Islamic Republic of) 9.09 %
- Eastern Asia 15.08 %
- Western Asia 14.39 %
- Small island developing states (SIDS) 7.06 %
- Southern Asia 14.29 %
- Micronesia 6.77 %
- Central America 13.32 %
- Polynesia 5.87 %
- Côte d'Ivoire 13.17 %
- Central Asia 11.8 %
- South America 11.25 %
- Net Food Importing Developing Countries (NFIDCs) 10.57 %
- Africa 10.02 %
- Low Income Food Deficit Countries (LIFDCs) 9.91 %
- Northern Africa 9.87 %
- Land Locked Developing Countries (LLDCs) 9.52 %
- Western Africa 8.86 %
- Eastern Africa 8.14 %
About this data
As part of the FAO Agriculture Capital Stock (ACS) database, the Statistics Division of FAO publishes country-by-country data on physical investment in agriculture, forestry and fishing as measured by the System of National Accounts (SNA) concept of Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF). Additional variables included in the ACS are Net and Gross Capital Stock, Consumption of Fixed Capital, the Agriculture Investment ratio, and the Gross Fixed Capital Formation Agriculture Orientation Index. The FAO Agriculture Capital Stock Database is an analytical database: whenever available, the database integrates official National Accounts data harvested from the UNSD National Accounts Main Aggregates Database (UNSD AMA) and the OECD Annual National Accounts Database (OECD ANA). The database is further supplemented by OECD Structural Analysis database (OECD STAN) and, in a few cases, data from country’s statistics websites. If the full set of official data is not available for any specific country, imputation methods are applied to obtain estimates over the complete time series. Many data points in ACS are estimated and are flagged as such; they do not represent official submissions by Member Countries. With a view of producing internationally comparable net capital stock estimates, the Perpetual Inventory Method (PIM) with a constant geometric depreciation rate is employed to impute missing data. The Perpetual Inventory Method is a well-established economic model to calculate Net Capital Stocks (NCS) and Consumption of Fixed Capital (CFC) from time series of Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF). Specifically, annual measures of the NCS are obtained from cumulating historical series on physical investment flows and deducting the part of assets that are depreciated (the Consumption of Fixed Capital that occurs in every period). In order to implement the PIM, long time series on aggregate GFCF in agriculture, forestry and fishing is required.An attempt is made to rely as much as possible on National Accounts data published by the OECD and UNSD. When country data are partially or fully missing, econometric techniques to impute missing observations are employed. Depending on the pattern of data missingness for the countries, different imputation methods are applied (from among the ARIMAX, PANEL regression, and OLS approaches) for the data series from 1995 to 2022. The values of Agriculture Capital Stock related indicators for 2023, including Agriculture Investment Ratio, Agriculture Orientation Index, Net Capital Stock, Gross Fixed Capital Formation and Consumption of Fixed Capital, are estimated using the Holt-Winters (HW) method (Cipra et al., 1995). The HW method is an exponential smoothing method for forecasting the annual values of economic variables. In this context, the HW method relies on existing (historical) values of the Agriculture Capital Stock. The predicted value is an extrapolation of the historical values to the specified target date, which extends the timeline without considering seasonality in the annual series.All data series in the database are provided both in national currencies and in US dollars as well as in current prices and constant prices with base year 2015.