Artificial surfaces (including urban and associated areas) — Area from CCI_LC by country
The FAOSTAT domain on Land Cover data under the Agri-Environmental Indicators section contains land cover information organized by the land cover classes of the international standard system for Environmental and Economic Accounting Central Framework (SEEA CF). The land cover information is compiled from publicly...
Countries reporting
233
Highest
12,058 1000 ha
China
Lowest
0.01 1000 ha
Tokelau
Median
42.78 1000 ha
Years covered
31
1992–2022
Data points
8,231
What the numbers show
Artificial surfaces (including urban and associated areas) — Area from CCI_LC is currently reported for 233 countries. The highest value is 12,058 1000 ha in China; the lowest is 0.01 1000 ha in Tokelau.
The median across all reporting countries is 42.78 1000 ha, and the mean is 289.6 1000 ha.
Artificial surfaces (including urban and associated areas) — Area: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 12,058 1000 ha | 2022 | up 49.8% | rising |
| 2 | China, mainland | 11,872 1000 ha | 2022 | up 49.9% | rising |
| 2 | Türkiye | 722.44 1000 ha | 2022 | up 38.1% | rising |
| 3 | Russian Federation | 2,839 1000 ha | 2022 | up 17.5% | rising |
| 3 | Iran (Islamic Republic of) | 590.66 1000 ha | 2022 | up 58.2% | rising |
| 4 | India | 2,567 1000 ha | 2022 | up 51.0% | rising |
| 5 | Brazil | 2,207 1000 ha | 2022 | up 24.1% | rising |
| 5 | Viet Nam | 327.29 1000 ha | 2022 | up 75.2% | rising |
| 6 | Ukraine | 1,917 1000 ha | 2022 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 6 | Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | 257.67 1000 ha | 2022 | up 23.3% | rising |
| 7 | Japan | 1,881 1000 ha | 2022 | up 15.6% | rising |
| 7 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 251.93 1000 ha | 2022 | up 81.5% | rising |
| 8 | Germany | 1,877 1000 ha | 2022 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 8 | Republic of Moldova | 161.7 1000 ha | 2022 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 9 | Indonesia | 1,396 1000 ha | 2022 | up 26.9% | rising |
| 9 | Syrian Arab Republic | 142.99 1000 ha | 2022 | up 39.3% | rising |
| 10 | France | 1,394 1000 ha | 2022 | up 7.2% | rising |
| 10 | United Republic of Tanzania | 124.91 1000 ha | 2022 | up 98.4% | rising |
| 11 | Mexico | 1,324 1000 ha | 2022 | up 38.4% | rising |
| 11 | Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | 112.18 1000 ha | 2022 | up 34.7% | rising |
| 12 | Australia and New Zealand | 1,173 1000 ha | 2022 | up 8.5% | rising |
| 12 | Democratic People's Republic of Korea | 90.8 1000 ha | 2022 | up 39.2% | rising |
| 13 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 1,044 1000 ha | 2022 | up 3.6% | rising |
| 13 | Melanesia | 32.92 1000 ha | 2022 | up 19.4% | rising |
| 14 | Italy | 1,037 1000 ha | 2022 | up 10.0% | rising |
| 14 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 14.74 1000 ha | 2022 | up 73.2% | volatile |
| 15 | Canada | 985.04 1000 ha | 2022 | up 14.2% | rising |
| 15 | Timor-Leste | 7 1000 ha | 2022 | up 50.9% | rising |
| 16 | Australia | 960.29 1000 ha | 2022 | up 9.4% | rising |
| 16 | Micronesia | 3.76 1000 ha | 2022 | up 0.3% | flat |
| 17 | South Africa | 783.83 1000 ha | 2022 | up 62.3% | rising |
| 17 | Micronesia (Federated States of) | 3.4 1000 ha | 2022 | up 0.3% | flat |
| 18 | Nigeria | 743.44 1000 ha | 2022 | up 77.8% | rising |
| 19 | Romania | 668.25 1000 ha | 2022 | up 12.5% | rising |
| 19 | Polynesia | 1.35 1000 ha | 2022 | up 101.5% | rising |
| 20 | Spain | 632.48 1000 ha | 2022 | up 31.1% | rising |
| 20 | Wallis and Futuna Islands | 0.04 1000 ha | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 21 | Poland | 598.94 1000 ha | 2022 | up 5.2% | rising |
| 22 | Argentina | 587.46 1000 ha | 2022 | up 27.8% | rising |
| 23 | Uzbekistan | 430.44 1000 ha | 2022 | up 85.7% | volatile |
| 24 | Pakistan | 415.9 1000 ha | 2022 | up 75.2% | volatile |
| 24 | Caribbean | 348.98 1000 ha | 2022 | up 18.3% | rising |
| 25 | Kazakhstan | 388.05 1000 ha | 2022 | up 48.8% | rising |
| 25 | Côte d'Ivoire | 175.81 1000 ha | 2022 | up 62.3% | rising |
| 26 | Thailand | 379.97 1000 ha | 2022 | up 56.1% | rising |
| 26 | Cabo Verde | 2.56 1000 ha | 2022 | up 11.3% | rising |
| 27 | Saudi Arabia | 379.94 1000 ha | 2022 | up 56.2% | rising |
| 28 | Malaysia | 337.85 1000 ha | 2022 | up 37.4% | rising |
| 29 | Republic of Korea | 322.36 1000 ha | 2022 | up 72.8% | rising |
| 30 | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | 310.92 1000 ha | 2022 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 31 | Egypt | 303.21 1000 ha | 2022 | up 56.9% | rising |
| 32 | Hungary | 289.37 1000 ha | 2022 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 33 | Ghana | 271.42 1000 ha | 2022 | up 75.1% | rising |
| 34 | Norway | 269.29 1000 ha | 2022 | up 5.3% | rising |
| 35 | Belgium | 269.22 1000 ha | 2022 | up 3.8% | rising |
| 36 | Czechia | 266.15 1000 ha | 2022 | up 1.9% | rising |
| 37 | Algeria | 244.99 1000 ha | 2022 | up 43.1% | rising |
| 38 | Peru | 234.67 1000 ha | 2022 | up 36.7% | rising |
| 39 | Iraq | 233.47 1000 ha | 2022 | up 70.3% | rising |
| 40 | Chile | 230.1 1000 ha | 2022 | up 42.5% | rising |
| 41 | United Arab Emirates | 229.76 1000 ha | 2022 | up 15.2% | rising |
| 42 | Colombia | 216.53 1000 ha | 2022 | up 23.1% | rising |
| 43 | Portugal | 216.34 1000 ha | 2022 | up 18.3% | rising |
| 44 | New Zealand | 212.86 1000 ha | 2022 | up 4.7% | rising |
| 45 | Philippines | 201.41 1000 ha | 2022 | up 47.9% | rising |
| 46 | Austria | 180.96 1000 ha | 2022 | up 3.2% | rising |
| 47 | Bulgaria | 175.84 1000 ha | 2022 | up 11.7% | rising |
| 48 | Morocco | 173.78 1000 ha | 2022 | up 32.6% | rising |
| 49 | Sudan | 172.36 1000 ha | 2022 | up 83.8% | rising |
| 50 | China, Taiwan Province of | 168.21 1000 ha | 2022 | up 44.3% | rising |
| 51 | Greece | 165.41 1000 ha | 2022 | up 22.3% | rising |
| 52 | Sweden | 164.13 1000 ha | 2022 | up 14.0% | rising |
| 53 | Belgium-Luxembourg | 161.39 1000 ha | 1999 | up 26.6% | rising |
| 54 | Belarus | 157.17 1000 ha | 2022 | up 15.3% | rising |
| 55 | Slovakia | 151.12 1000 ha | 2022 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 56 | Switzerland | 137.9 1000 ha | 2022 | up 2.6% | rising |
| 57 | Denmark | 135.53 1000 ha | 2022 | up 5.3% | rising |
| 58 | Azerbaijan | 129.94 1000 ha | 2022 | up 81.7% | rising |
| 59 | Ecuador | 126.75 1000 ha | 2022 | up 47.7% | rising |
| 60 | Angola | 124.07 1000 ha | 2022 | up 102.7% | volatile |
| 61 | Serbia | 123.38 1000 ha | 2022 | up 31.3% | rising |
| 62 | Myanmar | 109.89 1000 ha | 2022 | up 44.0% | rising |
| 63 | Libya | 108.11 1000 ha | 2022 | up 46.8% | rising |
| 64 | Ethiopia | 107.85 1000 ha | 2022 | up 99.5% | rising |
| 65 | Tunisia | 105.95 1000 ha | 2022 | up 31.1% | rising |
| 66 | Sudan (former) | 98.8 1000 ha | 2011 | up 41.1% | rising |
| 67 | Bangladesh | 96.22 1000 ha | 2022 | up 70.9% | volatile |
| 68 | Zambia | 93.65 1000 ha | 2022 | up 85.1% | rising |
| 69 | Puerto Rico | 93.35 1000 ha | 2022 | up 8.6% | rising |
| 70 | Israel | 90.17 1000 ha | 2022 | up 43.3% | rising |
| 71 | Cameroon | 89.1 1000 ha | 2022 | up 82.4% | rising |
| 72 | Sri Lanka | 88.84 1000 ha | 2022 | up 17.2% | rising |
| 73 | Mozambique | 88.03 1000 ha | 2022 | up 95.5% | rising |
| 74 | Turkmenistan | 86.4 1000 ha | 2022 | up 180.4% | volatile |
| 75 | Serbia and Montenegro | 84.56 1000 ha | 2005 | up 31.4% | rising |
| 76 | Georgia | 81.12 1000 ha | 2022 | up 15.1% | rising |
| 77 | Namibia | 79.74 1000 ha | 2022 | up 47.4% | rising |
| 78 | Afghanistan | 78.96 1000 ha | 2022 | up 55.9% | rising |
| 79 | Croatia | 74.55 1000 ha | 2022 | up 17.6% | rising |
| 80 | Zimbabwe | 71.32 1000 ha | 2022 | up 73.4% | rising |
| 81 | Guatemala | 69.72 1000 ha | 2022 | up 23.4% | rising |
| 81 | Ireland | 69.72 1000 ha | 2022 | up 4.1% | rising |
| 83 | Cuba | 67.33 1000 ha | 2022 | up 13.3% | rising |
| 84 | Finland | 65.54 1000 ha | 2022 | up 54.9% | rising |
| 85 | Kyrgyzstan | 63.67 1000 ha | 2022 | up 43.6% | volatile |
| 86 | Tajikistan | 63.6 1000 ha | 2022 | up 87.7% | volatile |
| 87 | Mongolia | 63.1 1000 ha | 2022 | up 37.5% | rising |
| 88 | Dominican Republic | 62.18 1000 ha | 2022 | up 18.1% | rising |
| 89 | Uganda | 62.12 1000 ha | 2022 | up 57.7% | rising |
| 90 | Lithuania | 61.46 1000 ha | 2022 | up 9.4% | rising |
| 91 | Paraguay | 58.32 1000 ha | 2022 | up 18.0% | rising |
| 92 | Botswana | 57.94 1000 ha | 2022 | up 133.3% | volatile |
| 93 | Benin | 57.62 1000 ha | 2022 | up 72.2% | rising |
| 94 | Kenya | 55.69 1000 ha | 2022 | up 137.3% | volatile |
| 95 | Burkina Faso | 55.61 1000 ha | 2022 | up 123.2% | rising |
| 96 | Armenia | 53.94 1000 ha | 2022 | up 21.3% | rising |
| 97 | Senegal | 53.77 1000 ha | 2022 | up 44.9% | rising |
| 98 | Mali | 51.6 1000 ha | 2022 | up 105.7% | rising |
| 98 | Oman | 51.6 1000 ha | 2022 | up 83.0% | rising |
| 100 | Somalia | 49.99 1000 ha | 2022 | up 44.5% | rising |
| 101 | Jordan | 49.48 1000 ha | 2022 | up 55.0% | rising |
| 102 | Uruguay | 49.19 1000 ha | 2022 | up 15.4% | rising |
| 103 | Qatar | 48.96 1000 ha | 2022 | up 37.4% | rising |
| 104 | Guinea | 48.46 1000 ha | 2022 | up 53.1% | rising |
| 105 | Honduras | 42.78 1000 ha | 2022 | up 30.5% | rising |
| 106 | Kuwait | 40.5 1000 ha | 2022 | up 43.5% | rising |
| 107 | Yemen | 39.74 1000 ha | 2022 | up 93.7% | volatile |
| 108 | Malawi | 39.62 1000 ha | 2022 | up 92.5% | rising |
| 109 | Togo | 39.43 1000 ha | 2022 | up 106.7% | rising |
| 110 | Madagascar | 38.37 1000 ha | 2022 | up 21.9% | rising |
| 111 | Palestine | 37.36 1000 ha | 2022 | up 84.8% | rising |
| 112 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 36.55 1000 ha | 2022 | up 25.2% | rising |
| 113 | Haiti | 34.64 1000 ha | 2022 | up 30.3% | rising |
| 114 | Costa Rica | 34.63 1000 ha | 2022 | up 12.8% | rising |
| 115 | Nepal | 34.24 1000 ha | 2022 | up 58.7% | rising |
| 116 | Congo | 32.34 1000 ha | 2022 | up 62.0% | rising |
| 117 | Panama | 31.86 1000 ha | 2022 | up 37.0% | rising |
| 118 | Cambodia | 31.36 1000 ha | 2022 | up 141.2% | volatile |
| 119 | Slovenia | 31.14 1000 ha | 2022 | up 2.9% | rising |
| 120 | Mauritania | 30.25 1000 ha | 2022 | up 44.5% | rising |
| 121 | Chad | 29.25 1000 ha | 2022 | up 63.7% | rising |
| 122 | Cyprus | 29.15 1000 ha | 2022 | up 22.7% | rising |
| 123 | Sierra Leone | 28.99 1000 ha | 2022 | up 55.6% | rising |
| 124 | Lebanon | 28.89 1000 ha | 2022 | up 41.1% | rising |
| 125 | Latvia | 28.55 1000 ha | 2022 | up 7.7% | rising |
| 126 | North Macedonia | 26.46 1000 ha | 2022 | up 26.2% | rising |
| 127 | Liberia | 26.36 1000 ha | 2022 | up 48.5% | rising |
| 128 | El Salvador | 25.17 1000 ha | 2022 | up 15.6% | rising |
| 129 | Singapore | 24.69 1000 ha | 2022 | up 23.2% | rising |
| 130 | Albania | 24 1000 ha | 2022 | up 27.5% | rising |
| 131 | Papua New Guinea | 23.93 1000 ha | 2022 | up 14.9% | rising |
| 132 | Estonia | 23.85 1000 ha | 2022 | up 10.7% | rising |
| 133 | Jamaica | 23.41 1000 ha | 2022 | up 15.2% | rising |
| 134 | Nicaragua | 22.51 1000 ha | 2022 | up 24.6% | rising |
| 135 | Niger | 21.63 1000 ha | 2022 | up 113.5% | rising |
| 136 | Central African Republic | 20.82 1000 ha | 2022 | up 74.7% | rising |
| 137 | Bahrain | 20.26 1000 ha | 2022 | up 20.0% | rising |
| 138 | Gabon | 20.06 1000 ha | 2022 | up 36.2% | rising |
| 139 | Trinidad and Tobago | 18.67 1000 ha | 2022 | up 41.8% | rising |
| 140 | Guyana | 18.06 1000 ha | 2022 | up 13.9% | rising |
| 141 | Rwanda | 16.89 1000 ha | 2022 | up 95.5% | volatile |
| 142 | China, Hong Kong SAR | 16.29 1000 ha | 2022 | up 9.3% | rising |
| 143 | South Sudan | 15.84 1000 ha | 2022 | up 87.7% | rising |
| 144 | Eritrea | 15.38 1000 ha | 2022 | up 41.4% | rising |
| 145 | Burundi | 13.92 1000 ha | 2022 | up 91.7% | volatile |
| 146 | Gambia | 12.08 1000 ha | 2022 | up 65.5% | rising |
| 147 | Luxembourg | 11.74 1000 ha | 2022 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 148 | Réunion | 11.39 1000 ha | 2022 | up 37.2% | rising |
| 149 | Suriname | 11.38 1000 ha | 2022 | up 9.4% | rising |
| 150 | Mauritius | 10.9 1000 ha | 2022 | up 18.6% | rising |
| 151 | Lesotho | 10.71 1000 ha | 2022 | up 127.4% | rising |
| 152 | Bahamas | 9.93 1000 ha | 2022 | up 10.1% | rising |
| 153 | French Guiana | 9.65 1000 ha | 2022 | up 4.6% | rising |
| 154 | Brunei Darussalam | 8.63 1000 ha | 2022 | up 55.2% | volatile |
| 155 | Montenegro | 8.01 1000 ha | 2022 | up 24.4% | rising |
| 156 | Netherlands Antilles (former) | 7.99 1000 ha | 2022 | up 62.4% | rising |
| 157 | Equatorial Guinea | 7.68 1000 ha | 2022 | up 103.2% | volatile |
| 158 | Malta | 6.41 1000 ha | 2022 | up 7.9% | rising |
| 159 | Barbados | 6.01 1000 ha | 2022 | up 15.8% | rising |
| 160 | United States Virgin Islands | 5.49 1000 ha | 2022 | up 13.4% | rising |
| 161 | Guinea-Bissau | 5.2 1000 ha | 2022 | up 58.1% | rising |
| 162 | Guadeloupe | 4.82 1000 ha | 2022 | up 33.5% | rising |
| 163 | New Caledonia | 4.04 1000 ha | 2022 | up 42.8% | rising |
| 164 | Martinique | 3.95 1000 ha | 2022 | up 23.1% | rising |
| 165 | Eswatini | 3.71 1000 ha | 2022 | up 40.0% | rising |
| 166 | Belize | 3.56 1000 ha | 2022 | up 61.1% | volatile |
| 166 | Fiji | 3.56 1000 ha | 2022 | up 34.3% | rising |
| 168 | Aruba | 3.5 1000 ha | 2022 | up 677.8% | volatile |
| 169 | Iceland | 3.24 1000 ha | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 170 | Western Sahara | 2.56 1000 ha | 2022 | up 66.2% | rising |
| 171 | Comoros | 2.53 1000 ha | 2022 | up 32.5% | rising |
| 172 | Djibouti | 1.99 1000 ha | 2022 | up 56.7% | rising |
| 173 | Ascension, Saint Helena and Tristan da Cunha | 1.68 1000 ha | 2022 | up 18.3% | rising |
| 174 | British Virgin Islands | 1.45 1000 ha | 2022 | up 29.5% | rising |
| 175 | Cayman Islands | 1.3 1000 ha | 2022 | up 51.2% | volatile |
| 176 | Isle of Man | 1.27 1000 ha | 2022 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 177 | Sao Tome and Principe | 1.21 1000 ha | 2022 | up 30.1% | rising |
| 178 | Antigua and Barbuda | 1.15 1000 ha | 2022 | up 26.4% | rising |
| 179 | China, Macao SAR | 1.14 1000 ha | 2022 | up 20.0% | rising |
| 180 | French Polynesia | 1.11 1000 ha | 2022 | up 152.3% | rising |
| 181 | Solomon Islands | 1.03 1000 ha | 2022 | up 15.7% | rising |
| 182 | Liechtenstein | 0.84 1000 ha | 2022 | up 5.0% | volatile |
| 183 | Saint Lucia | 0.81 1000 ha | 2022 | up 32.8% | rising |
| 184 | Grenada | 0.72 1000 ha | 2022 | up 5.9% | rising |
| 185 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.71 1000 ha | 2022 | up 47.9% | rising |
| 186 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0.68 1000 ha | 2022 | up 47.8% | rising |
| 187 | San Marino | 0.47 1000 ha | 2022 | up 14.6% | rising |
| 188 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 0.41 1000 ha | 2022 | up 355.6% | volatile |
| 189 | Dominica | 0.38 1000 ha | 2022 | up 18.8% | rising |
| 189 | Gibraltar | 0.38 1000 ha | 2022 | up 8.6% | rising |
| 191 | Andorra | 0.37 1000 ha | 2022 | up 19.4% | rising |
| 191 | Vanuatu | 0.37 1000 ha | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 193 | Bermuda | 0.36 1000 ha | 2022 | up 9.1% | flat |
| 194 | Bhutan | 0.32 1000 ha | 2022 | up 146.2% | volatile |
| 195 | Mayotte | 0.2 1000 ha | 2022 | up 17.6% | rising |
| 196 | Palau | 0.19 1000 ha | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 197 | Seychelles | 0.18 1000 ha | 2022 | up 5.9% | rising |
| 198 | Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 0.16 1000 ha | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 199 | Monaco | 0.1 1000 ha | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 200 | Anguilla | 0.09 1000 ha | 2022 | up 80.0% | rising |
| 201 | Greenland | 0.07 1000 ha | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 201 | Guam | 0.07 1000 ha | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 203 | Tonga | 0.06 1000 ha | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 204 | Kiribati | 0.04 1000 ha | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 204 | Marshall Islands | 0.04 1000 ha | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 204 | Niue | 0.04 1000 ha | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 207 | American Samoa | 0.03 1000 ha | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 207 | Samoa | 0.03 1000 ha | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 209 | Northern Mariana Islands | 0.02 1000 ha | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 209 | Falkland Islands (Malvinas) | 0.02 1000 ha | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 211 | Cook Islands | 0.01 1000 ha | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 211 | Montserrat | 0.01 1000 ha | 2022 | — | volatile |
| 211 | Tokelau | 0.01 1000 ha | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- World 64,750 1000 ha
- Asia 24,567 1000 ha
- Americas 18,241 1000 ha
- Europe 15,660 1000 ha
- Eastern Asia 14,415 1000 ha
- Middle Africa 576.46 1000 ha
- Northern America 12,219 1000 ha
- United States of America 11,233 1000 ha
- European Union (27) 8,934 1000 ha
- Eastern Europe 7,225 1000 ha
- Africa 5,070 1000 ha
- Western Europe 4,182 1000 ha
- South America 4,119 1000 ha
- Southern Asia 3,872 1000 ha
- South-Eastern Asia 2,839 1000 ha
- Western Asia 2,410 1000 ha
- Southern Europe 2,383 1000 ha
- Northern Europe 1,870 1000 ha
- Western Africa 1,626 1000 ha
- Central America 1,555 1000 ha
- Chagai 3.38 1000 ha
- Oceania 1,211 1000 ha
- Northern Africa 1,111 1000 ha
- Central Asia 1,032 1000 ha
- Southern Africa 935.93 1000 ha
- Eastern Africa 820.77 1000 ha
About this data
The FAOSTAT domain on Land Cover data under the Agri-Environmental Indicators section contains land cover information organized by the land cover classes of the international standard system for Environmental and Economic Accounting Central Framework (SEEA CF). The land cover information is compiled from publicly available Global Land Cover (GLC) maps: a) MODIS land cover types based on the Land Cover Classification System, LCCS; b) The European Spatial Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI) annual land cover maps produced by the Université catholique de Louvain (UCL)-Geomatics and now under the European Copernicus Program; c) The annual land cover maps which were produced under the European Copernicus Global Land Service (CGLS) (CGLS land cover, containing discrete land cover categorization), with spatial resolution 100m; and d) the WorldCover maps of the European Space Agency, produced at 10m resolution.