Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) by country
Change of emissions (as %) of current year with respect to emissions in baseline year 1990 emissions of the six greenhouse gases (GHG) covered by the Kyoto Protocol (carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulphurhexafluoride (SF6)) from the...
Countries reporting
203
Highest
4,294.6%
Equatorial Guinea, Republic of
Lowest
-79.9%
Ukraine
Median
87.2%
Years covered
34
1991–2024
Data points
8,500
What the numbers show
Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) is currently reported for 203 countries. The highest value is 4,294.6% in Equatorial Guinea, Republic of; the lowest is -79.9% in Ukraine.
The median across all reporting countries is 87.2%, and the mean is 145.3%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 54.
Over the past decade 142 countries rose and 61 fell. The largest increase was in Barbados (up 1,089.4%), and the largest decrease in Austria (down 1,527.1%).
Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Equatorial Guinea, Republic of | 4,294.6% | 2024 | down 42.7% | rising |
| 2 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 2,484.8% | 2024 | up 193.5% | volatile |
| 3 | Maldives | 1,450.7% | 2024 | down 11.8% | volatile |
| 4 | Greenland | 979.1% | 2024 | up 23.5% | volatile |
| 5 | Chad | 814.3% | 2024 | up 93.0% | volatile |
| 6 | Vietnam | 535.8% | 2024 | up 115.8% | volatile |
| 7 | Qatar | 519.0% | 2024 | up 24.5% | volatile |
| 8 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 513.6% | 2024 | up 262.1% | volatile |
| 9 | Benin | 362.8% | 2024 | up 53.0% | volatile |
| 10 | Ghana | 359.2% | 2024 | up 69.5% | volatile |
| 11 | Guinea | 325.9% | 2024 | up 93.8% | volatile |
| 12 | Cabo Verde | 323.1% | 2024 | down 9.9% | volatile |
| 13 | China (People’s Republic of) | 318.5% | 2024 | up 26.0% | volatile |
| 14 | Gibraltar | 317.3% | 2024 | up 25.2% | rising |
| 15 | Mali | 300.7% | 2024 | up 97.2% | volatile |
| 16 | Indonesia | 291.6% | 2024 | up 91.8% | volatile |
| 17 | Mozambique, Republic of | 290.4% | 2024 | up 55.0% | volatile |
| 18 | Malaysia | 287.4% | 2024 | up 22.2% | volatile |
| 19 | Niger | 283.2% | 2024 | up 70.8% | volatile |
| 20 | Côte d'Ivoire | 282.7% | 2024 | up 83.0% | volatile |
| 21 | Oman | 278.3% | 2024 | up 41.7% | volatile |
| 22 | Uganda | 274.6% | 2024 | up 61.0% | volatile |
| 23 | British Virgin Islands | 272.2% | 2024 | up 41.9% | volatile |
| 24 | Timor-Leste, Democratic Republic of | 266.3% | 2024 | down 13.5% | volatile |
| 25 | Saudi Arabia | 254.5% | 2024 | up 24.3% | volatile |
| 26 | Guyana | 253.2% | 2024 | up 214.5% | volatile |
| 27 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 251.1% | 2024 | up 94.8% | volatile |
| 28 | Mauritius | 251.0% | 2024 | up 27.1% | volatile |
| 29 | Mongolia | 248.7% | 2024 | up 197.0% | volatile |
| 30 | Kiribati | 248.0% | 2024 | up 49.0% | volatile |
| 31 | Kuwait | 242.9% | 2024 | up 38.1% | volatile |
| 32 | Cambodia | 241.9% | 2024 | up 87.3% | volatile |
| 33 | Togo | 233.8% | 2024 | up 89.9% | volatile |
| 34 | Guatemala | 232.4% | 2024 | up 51.5% | volatile |
| 35 | United Arab Emirates | 232.2% | 2024 | up 13.6% | volatile |
| 36 | Malawi | 223.8% | 2024 | up 74.8% | volatile |
| 37 | India | 222.9% | 2024 | up 58.8% | volatile |
| 38 | Senegal | 220.8% | 2024 | up 83.0% | volatile |
| 39 | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 218.4% | 2024 | up 54.3% | volatile |
| 40 | St. Lucia | 213.4% | 2024 | up 112.7% | volatile |
| 41 | Cayman Islands | 212.7% | 2024 | up 114.0% | volatile |
| 42 | Dominican Republic | 209.7% | 2024 | up 90.4% | volatile |
| 43 | St. Kitts and Nevis | 209.7% | 2024 | up 68.6% | volatile |
| 44 | Burkina Faso | 208.8% | 2024 | up 47.7% | volatile |
| 45 | Seychelles | 207.5% | 2024 | down 4.3% | volatile |
| 46 | Comoros, Union of the | 204.6% | 2024 | up 146.4% | volatile |
| 47 | Bangladesh | 194.9% | 2024 | up 56.2% | volatile |
| 48 | São Tomé and Príncipe, Democratic Republic of | 194.7% | 2024 | up 23.7% | volatile |
| 49 | Philippines | 189.7% | 2024 | up 95.9% | volatile |
| 50 | Ethiopia, The Federal Democratic Republic of | 188.6% | 2024 | up 64.8% | volatile |
| 51 | Jordan | 187.6% | 2024 | up 10.9% | volatile |
| 52 | Honduras | 183.4% | 2024 | up 36.9% | volatile |
| 53 | New Caledonia | 180.5% | 2024 | up 7.0% | volatile |
| 54 | Panama | 179.6% | 2024 | up 26.8% | volatile |
| 55 | Pakistan | 178.4% | 2024 | up 50.7% | volatile |
| 56 | Burundi | 176.4% | 2024 | up 102.3% | volatile |
| 57 | Kenya | 167.4% | 2024 | up 55.1% | volatile |
| 58 | Aruba | 167.2% | 2024 | up 47.6% | rising |
| 59 | Mauritania, Islamic Republic of | 162.7% | 2024 | up 64.3% | volatile |
| 60 | Grenada | 159.7% | 2024 | up 113.9% | volatile |
| 61 | Egypt, Arab Republic of | 159.1% | 2024 | up 34.9% | volatile |
| 62 | Türkiye, Republic of | 156.2% | 2024 | up 56.6% | volatile |
| 63 | Morocco | 155.9% | 2024 | up 35.5% | volatile |
| 64 | Afghanistan, Islamic Republic of | 155.5% | 2024 | up 30.3% | volatile |
| 65 | Bhutan | 148.1% | 2024 | up 38.4% | volatile |
| 66 | Liberia | 146.6% | 2024 | up 15.4% | volatile |
| 67 | Zambia | 142.8% | 2024 | up 133.9% | volatile |
| 68 | Lebanon | 142.3% | 2024 | down 50.8% | rising |
| 69 | Iraq | 140.7% | 2024 | up 157.6% | volatile |
| 70 | Peru | 138.9% | 2024 | up 45.9% | volatile |
| 71 | Belize | 136.6% | 2024 | up 99.6% | volatile |
| 72 | St. Vincent and the Grenadines | 135.9% | 2024 | up 59.7% | volatile |
| 73 | Sri Lanka | 133.5% | 2024 | up 49.9% | volatile |
| 74 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 130.9% | 2024 | up 115.3% | volatile |
| 75 | Thailand | 130.5% | 2024 | up 12.6% | rising |
| 76 | Sierra Leone | 128.3% | 2024 | up 37.6% | volatile |
| 77 | Sudan | 126.7% | 2024 | up 18.3% | rising |
| 78 | Congo, Republic of | 125.8% | 2024 | up 47.4% | volatile |
| 79 | Singapore | 125.4% | 2024 | up 40.4% | rising |
| 80 | Bahrain, Kingdom of | 121.6% | 2024 | up 18.8% | volatile |
| 81 | Papua New Guinea | 120.9% | 2024 | up 24.7% | volatile |
| 82 | Bolivia | 116.6% | 2024 | up 91.4% | volatile |
| 83 | Chile | 115.6% | 2024 | up 12.8% | volatile |
| 84 | Namibia | 115.5% | 2024 | up 78.0% | volatile |
| 85 | Korea, Republic of | 114.6% | 2024 | down 8.8% | rising |
| 86 | Nicaragua | 112.6% | 2024 | up 35.9% | volatile |
| 87 | Trinidad and Tobago | 111.3% | 2024 | down 36.5% | volatile |
| 88 | Ecuador | 110.6% | 2024 | up 6.0% | volatile |
| 89 | El Salvador | 108.3% | 2024 | up 69.2% | rising |
| 90 | Solomon Islands | 105.5% | 2024 | up 2.6% | volatile |
| 91 | Angola | 105.1% | 2024 | down 20.2% | rising |
| 92 | Brunei Darussalam | 102.8% | 2024 | up 29.7% | rising |
| 93 | Gambia, The | 100.7% | 2024 | down 7.0% | volatile |
| 94 | Brazil | 100.1% | 2024 | up 8.4% | volatile |
| 95 | Paraguay | 99.5% | 2024 | up 1.6% | volatile |
| 96 | Guinea-Bissau | 93.1% | 2024 | up 39.3% | volatile |
| 97 | Tunisia | 92.2% | 2024 | up 13.9% | volatile |
| 98 | Dominica | 91.7% | 2024 | up 35.3% | rising |
| 99 | Algeria | 91.4% | 2024 | up 38.8% | volatile |
| 100 | Haiti | 90.2% | 2024 | up 13.1% | volatile |
| 101 | Yemen, Republic of | 87.9% | 2024 | down 54.9% | volatile |
| 102 | Turkmenistan | 87.2% | 2024 | up 49.8% | volatile |
| 103 | Myanmar | 86.3% | 2024 | down 4.6% | volatile |
| 104 | Israel | 82.7% | 2024 | down 7.6% | rising |
| 105 | Macao Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China | 81.8% | 2024 | down 30.1% | volatile |
| 106 | Nepal | 79.5% | 2024 | up 18.8% | volatile |
| 107 | Costa Rica | 78.0% | 2024 | up 46.8% | volatile |
| 108 | Samoa | 77.2% | 2024 | up 5.4% | volatile |
| 109 | Central African Republic | 76.9% | 2024 | up 51.6% | volatile |
| 110 | Antigua and Barbuda | 73.1% | 2024 | up 78.3% | volatile |
| 111 | Northern Mariana Islands | 70.8% | 2024 | up 21.4% | rising |
| 112 | Micronesia, Federated States of | 70.1% | 2024 | up 116.2% | volatile |
| 113 | Cyprus | 67.4% | 2024 | up 36.4% | rising |
| 114 | Suriname | 65.7% | 2024 | down 10.4% | volatile |
| 115 | Colombia | 64.5% | 2024 | up 60.7% | volatile |
| 116 | Marshall Islands, Republic of the | 60.0% | 2024 | up 275.0% | volatile |
| 117 | Madagascar, Republic of | 56.4% | 2024 | up 57.0% | volatile |
| 118 | Mexico | 55.9% | 2024 | up 5.9% | rising |
| 119 | Uruguay | 54.4% | 2024 | up 52.3% | rising |
| 120 | Tonga | 50.9% | 2024 | up 91.8% | volatile |
| 121 | Argentina | 47.9% | 2024 | up 13.6% | volatile |
| 122 | Guam | 47.5% | 2024 | up 38.1% | volatile |
| 123 | Rwanda | 47.2% | 2024 | up 387.2% | volatile |
| 124 | Lesotho, Kingdom of | 43.5% | 2024 | up 34.4% | volatile |
| 125 | Bahamas, The | 41.1% | 2024 | up 236.7% | volatile |
| 126 | Naoero, Republic of | 40.0% | 2024 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 127 | South Africa | 40.0% | 2024 | down 20.2% | volatile |
| 128 | Eritrea, The State of | 39.9% | 2024 | up 47.7% | volatile |
| 129 | Uzbekistan, Republic of | 39.4% | 2024 | up 330.6% | volatile |
| 130 | Cameroon | 35.0% | 2024 | up 102.3% | volatile |
| 131 | Vanuatu | 34.6% | 2024 | down 30.9% | volatile |
| 132 | Nigeria | 34.4% | 2024 | up 4.6% | flat |
| 133 | Somalia | 34.1% | 2024 | up 54.7% | volatile |
| 134 | Tuvalu | 32.3% | 2024 | up 42.9% | rising |
| 135 | Djibouti | 30.6% | 2024 | up 84.3% | volatile |
| 136 | Botswana | 30.5% | 2024 | down 21.1% | volatile |
| 137 | Canada | 30.1% | 2024 | down 4.4% | rising |
| 138 | Fiji, Republic of | 29.1% | 2024 | up 77.8% | volatile |
| 139 | Australia | 28.4% | 2024 | down 4.2% | rising |
| 140 | American Samoa | 21.9% | 2024 | up 6.7% | rising |
| 141 | French Polynesia | 15.2% | 2024 | down 1.7% | volatile |
| 142 | Libya | 12.8% | 2024 | up 267.7% | volatile |
| 143 | Bermuda | 8.4% | 2024 | up 25.9% | volatile |
| 144 | New Zealand | 8.4% | 2024 | down 61.0% | rising |
| 145 | Faroe Islands | 7.2% | 2024 | up 58.5% | volatile |
| 146 | Gabon | 6.6% | 2024 | up 1,084.8% | volatile |
| 147 | Barbados | 6.5% | 2024 | up 1,089.4% | volatile |
| 148 | Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China | 2.7% | 2024 | down 92.1% | volatile |
| 149 | United States Virgin Islands | 2.5% | 2024 | up 20.0% | volatile |
| 150 | Venezuela, República Bolivariana de | 2.2% | 2024 | down 97.0% | volatile |
| 151 | Jamaica | 1.9% | 2024 | up 124.6% | volatile |
| 152 | Ireland | 1.2% | 2024 | down 90.0% | volatile |
| 153 | Tajikistan, Republic of | 0.9% | 2024 | up 102.7% | volatile |
| 154 | Norway | -2.9% | 2024 | down 124.1% | volatile |
| 155 | Iceland | -3.0% | 2024 | down 157.1% | volatile |
| 156 | Spain | -3.0% | 2024 | down 123.3% | volatile |
| 157 | Kazakhstan, Republic of | -3.5% | 2024 | up 73.0% | volatile |
| 158 | United States | -4.9% | 2024 | down 211.6% | volatile |
| 159 | Portugal | -7.8% | 2024 | down 165.9% | volatile |
| 160 | Eswatini, Kingdom of | -9.1% | 2024 | up 10.3% | volatile |
| 161 | Zimbabwe | -10.6% | 2024 | up 48.0% | volatile |
| 162 | Malta | -11.0% | 2024 | down 203.1% | volatile |
| 163 | Austria | -11.4% | 2024 | down 1,527.1% | volatile |
| 164 | Azerbaijan, Republic of | -13.9% | 2024 | up 35.6% | rising |
| 165 | Russian Federation | -15.7% | 2024 | up 41.6% | rising |
| 166 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | -16.0% | 2024 | down 5.2% | volatile |
| 167 | Slovenia, Republic of | -17.7% | 2024 | down 56.0% | volatile |
| 168 | Japan | -17.9% | 2024 | down 428.3% | volatile |
| 169 | Croatia, Republic of | -18.2% | 2024 | up 24.1% | rising |
| 170 | Puerto Rico | -19.0% | 2024 | up 46.1% | volatile |
| 171 | Switzerland | -20.3% | 2024 | down 182.8% | volatile |
| 172 | Belgium | -23.3% | 2024 | down 81.3% | volatile |
| 173 | Syrian Arab Republic | -25.6% | 2024 | up 0.8% | volatile |
| 174 | Italy | -26.4% | 2024 | down 64.7% | volatile |
| 175 | Greece | -27.3% | 2024 | down 408.3% | volatile |
| 176 | France | -28.8% | 2024 | down 103.6% | volatile |
| 177 | Sweden | -30.1% | 2024 | down 34.3% | volatile |
| 178 | North Macedonia, Republic of | -31.7% | 2024 | down 33.9% | falling |
| 179 | Poland, Republic of | -32.2% | 2024 | down 29.1% | falling |
| 180 | Kyrgyz Republic | -33.0% | 2024 | up 21.3% | rising |
| 181 | Finland | -33.4% | 2024 | down 225.8% | volatile |
| 182 | Palau, Republic of | -34.5% | 2024 | up 20.7% | volatile |
| 183 | Netherlands, The | -35.2% | 2024 | down 160.6% | volatile |
| 184 | Hungary | -37.3% | 2024 | down 8.2% | falling |
| 185 | Luxembourg | -37.7% | 2024 | down 128.7% | volatile |
| 186 | Albania | -38.0% | 2024 | down 69.6% | rising |
| 187 | Cuba | -39.0% | 2024 | down 54.5% | falling |
| 188 | Belarus, Republic of | -39.6% | 2024 | down 21.0% | falling |
| 189 | Denmark | -44.6% | 2024 | down 65.0% | volatile |
| 190 | Korea, Democratic People's Republic of | -44.7% | 2024 | up 23.2% | falling |
| 191 | Germany | -45.4% | 2024 | down 66.8% | falling |
| 192 | Slovak Republic | -47.2% | 2024 | down 13.1% | falling |
| 193 | Czech Republic | -49.7% | 2024 | down 46.6% | falling |
| 194 | United Kingdom | -50.3% | 2024 | down 67.7% | volatile |
| 195 | Georgia | -52.0% | 2024 | up 12.6% | flat |
| 196 | Bulgaria | -53.7% | 2024 | down 34.4% | falling |
| 197 | Armenia, Republic of | -55.6% | 2024 | up 11.8% | rising |
| 198 | Lithuania, Republic of | -55.7% | 2024 | down 9.8% | falling |
| 199 | Latvia, Republic of | -57.7% | 2024 | down 3.7% | falling |
| 200 | Romania | -57.7% | 2024 | down 7.3% | falling |
| 201 | Moldova, Republic of | -68.8% | 2024 | up 1.3% | falling |
| 202 | Estonia, Republic of | -69.0% | 2024 | down 75.1% | falling |
| 203 | Ukraine | -79.9% | 2024 | down 28.9% | falling |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries) 306.1%
- Sub-Saharan Africa 93.7%
- East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income) 294.1%
- South Asia 218.3%
- South Asia (IDA & IBRD) 218.3%
- East Asia & Pacific 205.4%
- Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) 175.7%
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan 173.6%
- Upper middle income 171.5%
- Least developed countries: UN classification 169.7%
- Middle income 168.1%
- Low & middle income 164.6%
About this data
Change of emissions (as %) of current year with respect to emissions in baseline year 1990 emissions of the six greenhouse gases (GHG) covered by the Kyoto Protocol (carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulphurhexafluoride (SF6)) from the energy, industry, waste, and agriculture sectors, standardized to carbon dioxide equivalent values. This measure excludes GHG fluxes caused by Land Use Change Land Use and Forestry (LULUCF), as these fluxes have larger uncertainties. The measure is standardized to carbon dioxide equivalent values using the Global Warming Potential (GWP) factors of IPCC's 5th Assessment Report (AR5) to combine different GHGs. Negative values indicate that the emission level for that year is lower than the emissions level in 1990.