Deforestation embedded in trade by country
Deforestation driven by imported goods minus exported goods from agriculture and forest plantations. Net importers of deforestation are countries who contribute to net deforestation in other countries – the deforestation that they cause in other countries is given as a positive value.
Countries reporting
175
Highest
191,046 hectares
United States
Lowest
-333,833 hectares
Democratic Republic of Congo
Median
1,604 hectares
Years covered
19
2005–2023
Data points
3,320
What the numbers show
Deforestation embedded in trade is currently reported for 175 countries. The highest value is 191,046 hectares in United States; the lowest is -333,833 hectares in Democratic Republic of Congo.
The median across all reporting countries is 1,604 hectares, and the mean is -22.29 hectares.
Over the past decade 82 countries rose and 93 fell. The largest increase was in Bhutan (up 5,510.0%), and the largest decrease in Philippines (down 19,283.3%).
Deforestation embedded in trade: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 191,046 hectares | 2023 | up 41.4% | rising |
| 2 | China | 144,628 hectares | 2023 | down 55.7% | rising |
| 3 | Germany | 47,928 hectares | 2023 | down 34.7% | falling |
| 4 | Japan | 44,879 hectares | 2023 | down 53.0% | falling |
| 5 | United Kingdom | 29,101 hectares | 2023 | down 33.2% | falling |
| 6 | France | 27,984 hectares | 2023 | down 23.0% | falling |
| 7 | South Korea | 27,726 hectares | 2023 | down 45.9% | flat |
| 8 | India | 27,148 hectares | 2023 | down 59.2% | falling |
| 9 | Italy | 21,684 hectares | 2023 | down 47.8% | falling |
| 10 | Russia | 21,570 hectares | 2023 | down 49.6% | falling |
| 11 | Spain | 19,805 hectares | 2023 | down 54.6% | falling |
| 12 | Canada | 18,602 hectares | 2023 | up 21.9% | falling |
| 13 | Algeria | 17,806 hectares | 2023 | down 49.4% | rising |
| 14 | Netherlands | 17,615 hectares | 2023 | down 45.6% | falling |
| 15 | Australia | 16,518 hectares | 2023 | down 39.2% | rising |
| 16 | Turkey | 11,408 hectares | 2023 | down 69.3% | falling |
| 17 | Iran | 10,074 hectares | 2023 | down 64.3% | falling |
| 18 | Saudi Arabia | 9,760 hectares | 2023 | down 68.5% | falling |
| 19 | Singapore | 9,745 hectares | 2023 | down 48.7% | falling |
| 20 | United Arab Emirates | 8,400 hectares | 2023 | down 57.6% | falling |
| 21 | Egypt | 8,300 hectares | 2023 | down 46.7% | rising |
| 22 | Mexico | 8,232 hectares | 2023 | down 73.1% | volatile |
| 23 | Bangladesh | 8,154 hectares | 2023 | down 6.2% | rising |
| 24 | Burkina Faso | 8,085 hectares | 2023 | up 49.7% | rising |
| 25 | Pakistan | 7,940 hectares | 2023 | down 60.0% | rising |
| 26 | Belgium | 7,434 hectares | 2023 | down 31.4% | falling |
| 27 | Poland | 7,270 hectares | 2023 | down 18.3% | falling |
| 28 | Chile | 6,292 hectares | 2023 | down 74.5% | falling |
| 29 | South Africa | 6,288 hectares | 2023 | down 78.6% | falling |
| 30 | Venezuela | 6,210 hectares | 2023 | down 69.6% | volatile |
| 31 | Switzerland | 5,853 hectares | 2023 | down 48.3% | rising |
| 32 | Iraq | 5,824 hectares | 2023 | down 28.0% | falling |
| 33 | Mali | 5,393 hectares | 2023 | up 311.0% | volatile |
| 34 | Dominican Republic | 4,623 hectares | 2023 | up 49.6% | falling |
| 35 | Norway | 4,189 hectares | 2023 | down 16.9% | rising |
| 36 | El Salvador | 4,173 hectares | 2023 | down 1.8% | falling |
| 37 | Portugal | 3,909 hectares | 2023 | down 18.7% | volatile |
| 38 | Ecuador | 3,877 hectares | 2023 | up 254.5% | volatile |
| 39 | Sweden | 3,711 hectares | 2023 | down 36.4% | volatile |
| 40 | Jordan | 3,666 hectares | 2023 | up 31.6% | rising |
| 41 | Austria | 3,662 hectares | 2023 | down 18.1% | falling |
| 42 | Kenya | 3,565 hectares | 2023 | up 63.8% | volatile |
| 43 | Senegal | 3,528 hectares | 2023 | up 16.8% | rising |
| 44 | Israel | 3,393 hectares | 2023 | down 56.2% | falling |
| 45 | Ethiopia | 3,374 hectares | 2023 | up 208.4% | volatile |
| 46 | Qatar | 3,307 hectares | 2023 | down 4.5% | rising |
| 47 | Cuba | 3,125 hectares | 2023 | down 5.6% | falling |
| 48 | Ukraine | 3,057 hectares | 2023 | down 23.5% | volatile |
| 49 | Uzbekistan | 3,014 hectares | 2023 | up 344.8% | volatile |
| 50 | Oman | 2,980 hectares | 2023 | down 36.3% | rising |
| 51 | Kuwait | 2,937 hectares | 2023 | down 63.5% | falling |
| 52 | Morocco | 2,886 hectares | 2023 | down 39.8% | falling |
| 53 | Nepal | 2,808 hectares | 2023 | up 441.7% | volatile |
| 54 | Niger | 2,736 hectares | 2023 | up 192.8% | volatile |
| 55 | Albania | 2,714 hectares | 2023 | up 1,015.1% | volatile |
| 56 | Belarus | 2,619 hectares | 2023 | up 242.0% | volatile |
| 57 | Turkmenistan | 2,612 hectares | 2023 | up 795.6% | volatile |
| 58 | Yemen | 2,591 hectares | 2023 | down 26.0% | falling |
| 59 | Denmark | 2,580 hectares | 2023 | down 63.4% | volatile |
| 60 | Lebanon | 2,477 hectares | 2023 | down 2.3% | rising |
| 61 | Georgia | 2,432 hectares | 2023 | up 157.6% | rising |
| 62 | Jamaica | 2,397 hectares | 2023 | up 279.9% | volatile |
| 63 | Uruguay | 2,391 hectares | 2023 | up 74.6% | volatile |
| 64 | Bahrain | 2,387 hectares | 2023 | up 4.6% | rising |
| 65 | Greece | 2,337 hectares | 2023 | down 40.9% | falling |
| 66 | Tajikistan | 2,320 hectares | 2023 | up 858.3% | volatile |
| 67 | Uganda | 2,302 hectares | 2023 | up 225.0% | volatile |
| 68 | Armenia | 2,241 hectares | 2023 | up 649.3% | volatile |
| 69 | Zimbabwe | 2,081 hectares | 2023 | down 21.4% | volatile |
| 70 | Sri Lanka | 2,043 hectares | 2023 | up 168.8% | volatile |
| 71 | Finland | 2,025 hectares | 2023 | down 42.9% | falling |
| 72 | Afghanistan | 1,979 hectares | 2023 | up 418.4% | volatile |
| 73 | Czechia | 1,884 hectares | 2023 | down 18.7% | falling |
| 74 | Mauritania | 1,865 hectares | 2023 | up 93.1% | rising |
| 75 | Namibia | 1,843 hectares | 2023 | down 74.4% | volatile |
| 76 | Syria | 1,836 hectares | 2023 | up 75.2% | volatile |
| 77 | Haiti | 1,824 hectares | 2023 | up 55.7% | rising |
| 78 | Azerbaijan | 1,792 hectares | 2023 | up 17.5% | volatile |
| 79 | Guatemala | 1,757 hectares | 2023 | up 112.0% | volatile |
| 80 | Bahamas | 1,742 hectares | 2023 | up 434.1% | volatile |
| 81 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1,708 hectares | 2023 | up 764.2% | volatile |
| 82 | Palestine | 1,702 hectares | 2023 | up 132.9% | rising |
| 83 | Kyrgyzstan | 1,690 hectares | 2023 | up 919.2% | volatile |
| 84 | Benin | 1,689 hectares | 2023 | up 1,592.7% | volatile |
| 85 | Rwanda | 1,665 hectares | 2023 | down 71.4% | volatile |
| 86 | Mongolia | 1,652 hectares | 2023 | up 479.3% | volatile |
| 87 | Eritrea | 1,631 hectares | 2023 | up 3,222.9% | volatile |
| 88 | Romania | 1,604 hectares | 2023 | down 14.3% | falling |
| 89 | Libya | 1,507 hectares | 2023 | down 43.1% | falling |
| 90 | Equatorial Guinea | 1,505 hectares | 2023 | down 18.6% | falling |
| 91 | North Macedonia | 1,411 hectares | 2023 | up 314.2% | volatile |
| 92 | Moldova | 1,387 hectares | 2023 | up 619.3% | volatile |
| 93 | Bhutan | 1,325 hectares | 2023 | up 5,510.0% | volatile |
| 94 | Togo | 1,282 hectares | 2023 | up 831.2% | volatile |
| 95 | Slovakia | 1,250 hectares | 2023 | down 4.5% | rising |
| 96 | Botswana | 1,243 hectares | 2023 | up 33.2% | volatile |
| 97 | Hungary | 1,206 hectares | 2023 | up 152.6% | volatile |
| 98 | Gambia | 1,203 hectares | 2023 | up 404.3% | volatile |
| 99 | Bulgaria | 1,149 hectares | 2023 | up 67.7% | rising |
| 100 | Costa Rica | 1,037 hectares | 2023 | up 186.7% | volatile |
| 101 | Djibouti | 1,034 hectares | 2023 | up 9.9% | rising |
| 102 | Chad | 987.78 hectares | 2023 | down 3.6% | volatile |
| 103 | Somalia | 980.03 hectares | 2023 | up 110.4% | rising |
| 104 | Tunisia | 966.34 hectares | 2023 | down 76.5% | falling |
| 105 | Kazakhstan | 940.89 hectares | 2023 | down 72.3% | falling |
| 106 | Burundi | 865.88 hectares | 2023 | down 42.7% | rising |
| 107 | Belize | 689.01 hectares | 2023 | up 133.6% | volatile |
| 108 | Estonia | 597.23 hectares | 2023 | down 51.1% | volatile |
| 110 | Croatia | 498.59 hectares | 2023 | down 13.0% | falling |
| 111 | Slovenia | 482.78 hectares | 2023 | down 45.3% | falling |
| 112 | North Korea | 390.54 hectares | 2023 | up 89.9% | flat |
| 113 | Congo | 321.59 hectares | 2023 | down 81.0% | volatile |
| 114 | Sierra Leone | 309.58 hectares | 2023 | down 48.9% | volatile |
| 115 | Lithuania | 295 hectares | 2023 | down 62.4% | falling |
| 116 | Brunei | 284.07 hectares | 2023 | down 82.1% | falling |
| 117 | Zambia | 242.33 hectares | 2023 | up 103.7% | rising |
| 118 | Cyprus | 210.27 hectares | 2023 | down 91.4% | volatile |
| 119 | Iceland | 149.22 hectares | 2023 | down 18.5% | falling |
| 120 | Gabon | 103.41 hectares | 2023 | up 103.4% | falling |
| 122 | Panama | 52.82 hectares | 2023 | up 107.2% | volatile |
| 123 | Antigua and Barbuda | -0.1 hectares | 2022 | up 91.7% | volatile |
| 124 | Saint Lucia | -0.12 hectares | 2022 | up 29.4% | rising |
| 124 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | -0.12 hectares | 2016 | up 29.4% | volatile |
| 126 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | -0.13 hectares | 2011 | up 86.9% | volatile |
| 127 | Lesotho | -0.15 hectares | 2023 | up 88.5% | rising |
| 128 | Grenada | -0.19 hectares | 2017 | up 98.0% | volatile |
| 129 | Barbados | -0.33 hectares | 2016 | down 200.0% | volatile |
| 130 | Cape Verde | -0.49 hectares | 2017 | up 38.0% | rising |
| 131 | Dominica | -0.56 hectares | 2023 | down 366.7% | volatile |
| 132 | Comoros | -2.7 hectares | 2023 | up 67.4% | volatile |
| 133 | Trinidad and Tobago | -4.65 hectares | 2023 | up 60.9% | rising |
| 134 | Vanuatu | -7.74 hectares | 2023 | up 54.9% | rising |
| 135 | Puerto Rico | -11.96 hectares | 2023 | down 25.4% | rising |
| 136 | Mauritius | -13.52 hectares | 2018 | up 42.7% | falling |
| 137 | New Caledonia | -14.21 hectares | 2023 | up 18.1% | volatile |
| 138 | Eswatini | -22.97 hectares | 2023 | up 91.6% | rising |
| 139 | Taiwan | -23.85 hectares | 2023 | down 90.2% | falling |
| 140 | East Timor | -49.66 hectares | 2023 | down 68.3% | falling |
| 141 | Fiji | -332.56 hectares | 2023 | down 1,881.9% | volatile |
| 142 | Guyana | -354.34 hectares | 2023 | down 18.2% | falling |
| 143 | Suriname | -409.28 hectares | 2023 | down 57.7% | falling |
| 144 | Guinea-Bissau | -585.91 hectares | 2023 | down 8.2% | volatile |
| 145 | Guinea | -824.28 hectares | 2023 | down 368.5% | volatile |
| 146 | Latvia | -874.57 hectares | 2023 | down 12.1% | volatile |
| 147 | Solomon Islands | -1,045 hectares | 2023 | down 143.1% | volatile |
| 148 | Malawi | -1,310 hectares | 2023 | down 5,565.2% | volatile |
| 150 | Nigeria | -1,686 hectares | 2023 | down 113.9% | volatile |
| 151 | Papua New Guinea | -1,712 hectares | 2023 | up 89.1% | rising |
| 152 | Honduras | -1,913 hectares | 2023 | up 75.2% | volatile |
| 153 | Liberia | -3,001 hectares | 2023 | up 72.5% | rising |
| 154 | Mozambique | -3,777 hectares | 2023 | up 8.5% | rising |
| 155 | Nicaragua | -3,840 hectares | 2023 | up 67.9% | rising |
| 156 | Madagascar | -4,947 hectares | 2023 | down 318.0% | volatile |
| 157 | Cameroon | -5,456 hectares | 2023 | up 7.2% | falling |
| 158 | Laos | -5,462 hectares | 2023 | down 106.7% | volatile |
| 159 | Philippines | -5,609 hectares | 2023 | down 19,283.3% | volatile |
| 160 | Thailand | -5,696 hectares | 2023 | up 39.1% | volatile |
| 161 | Angola | -6,006 hectares | 2023 | down 590.3% | volatile |
| 162 | Cambodia | -6,871 hectares | 2023 | up 41.2% | volatile |
| 163 | Tanzania | -7,993 hectares | 2023 | up 63.8% | falling |
| 164 | Central African Republic | -8,252 hectares | 2023 | down 1,543.8% | volatile |
| 165 | Argentina | -9,299 hectares | 2023 | up 94.8% | volatile |
| 166 | New Zealand | -10,518 hectares | 2023 | down 496.8% | volatile |
| 167 | Vietnam | -15,977 hectares | 2023 | up 40.3% | volatile |
| 168 | Malaysia | -17,134 hectares | 2023 | up 81.9% | falling |
| 169 | Peru | -17,956 hectares | 2023 | up 28.7% | volatile |
| 170 | Ghana | -19,081 hectares | 2023 | down 14.7% | volatile |
| 171 | Bolivia | -25,320 hectares | 2023 | up 58.9% | volatile |
| 172 | Colombia | -28,454 hectares | 2023 | down 587.0% | volatile |
| 173 | Myanmar | -28,530 hectares | 2023 | down 111.2% | volatile |
| 174 | Paraguay | -33,820 hectares | 2023 | up 72.7% | rising |
| 175 | Indonesia | -46,017 hectares | 2023 | up 87.8% | rising |
| 176 | Cote d'Ivoire | -127,209 hectares | 2023 | down 44.6% | falling |
| 177 | Brazil | -196,178 hectares | 2023 | down 31.7% | rising |
| 178 | Democratic Republic of Congo | -333,833 hectares | 2023 | down 18.7% | falling |
About this data
Deforestation driven by imported goods minus exported goods from agriculture and forest plantations. Net importers of deforestation are countries who contribute to net deforestation in other countries – the deforestation that they cause in other countries is given as a positive value.